Design, characterization and performance evaluation of few-mode EDFA system with propagation up to six modes
Modal gain equalized system for six mode-erbium doped fiber amplifier (6M-EDFA) is designed and analyzed. For the ease in calculation an appropriate pump combination of linearly polarized LP 01 , LP 31 and LP 21 modes required for reduction in differential mode gain (DMG λ ) is mathematically obtain...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Optical and quantum electronics 2020-10, Vol.52 (10), Article 434 |
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| creator | Qayoom, Taban Qazi, Gausia Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim |
| description | Modal gain equalized system for six mode-erbium doped fiber amplifier (6M-EDFA) is designed and analyzed. For the ease in calculation an appropriate pump combination of linearly polarized LP
01
, LP
31
and LP
21
modes required for reduction in differential mode gain (DMG
λ
) is mathematically obtained from extended Giles model. An optimized centre depressed erbium ion profile is also obtained separately. The optimum simplified unidirectional pump combination at 980 nm is then used to excite centre depressed erbium ion profile to achieve considerable reduction in DMG
λ
. The mathematical analysis is further corroborated with simulation results. The 6M-EDFA system designed provided a minimum DMG
λ
of 4.41 dB in six mode group and DMG
λ
of 1.37 dB in five mode group. At smaller values of pump power, a mean gain of about 24.364 dB is achieved at 1550 nm and at lower input signal power of -7 dBm per mode. Gain spectrum is observed to be completely flat over C band for all six modes. Further investigation on evolution of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is reported for 6M-EDFA for the first time with new performance metric namely ASE ratio to indicate the deviation of noise between six modes. The ASE ratio of about 2.387 is obtained indicating that the designed system is reasonably immune to noise effects. The influence of non ideal high concentration effects is also investigated on the designed system. The DMG
λ
values are observed to monotonically increase with length and concentration and decrease with wavelength and input signal powers. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11082-020-02561-9 |
| format | Article |
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01
, LP
31
and LP
21
modes required for reduction in differential mode gain (DMG
λ
) is mathematically obtained from extended Giles model. An optimized centre depressed erbium ion profile is also obtained separately. The optimum simplified unidirectional pump combination at 980 nm is then used to excite centre depressed erbium ion profile to achieve considerable reduction in DMG
λ
. The mathematical analysis is further corroborated with simulation results. The 6M-EDFA system designed provided a minimum DMG
λ
of 4.41 dB in six mode group and DMG
λ
of 1.37 dB in five mode group. At smaller values of pump power, a mean gain of about 24.364 dB is achieved at 1550 nm and at lower input signal power of -7 dBm per mode. Gain spectrum is observed to be completely flat over C band for all six modes. Further investigation on evolution of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is reported for 6M-EDFA for the first time with new performance metric namely ASE ratio to indicate the deviation of noise between six modes. The ASE ratio of about 2.387 is obtained indicating that the designed system is reasonably immune to noise effects. The influence of non ideal high concentration effects is also investigated on the designed system. The DMG
λ
values are observed to monotonically increase with length and concentration and decrease with wavelength and input signal powers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0306-8919</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-817X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11082-020-02561-9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Amplification ; Amplifier design ; C band ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Computer Communication Networks ; Doped fibers ; Electrical Engineering ; Emission analysis ; Erbium ; Lasers ; Linear polarization ; Mathematical analysis ; Optical Devices ; Optics ; Performance evaluation ; Photonics ; Physics ; Physics and Astronomy ; Propagation modes ; Spontaneous emission</subject><ispartof>Optical and quantum electronics, 2020-10, Vol.52 (10), Article 434</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-9d559aa0ddf08adf494aad500059fa603467bdcbc1d9d519eb287722a71617a33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-9d559aa0ddf08adf494aad500059fa603467bdcbc1d9d519eb287722a71617a33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9654-674X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11082-020-02561-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11082-020-02561-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Qayoom, Taban</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qazi, Gausia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim</creatorcontrib><title>Design, characterization and performance evaluation of few-mode EDFA system with propagation up to six modes</title><title>Optical and quantum electronics</title><addtitle>Opt Quant Electron</addtitle><description>Modal gain equalized system for six mode-erbium doped fiber amplifier (6M-EDFA) is designed and analyzed. For the ease in calculation an appropriate pump combination of linearly polarized LP
01
, LP
31
and LP
21
modes required for reduction in differential mode gain (DMG
λ
) is mathematically obtained from extended Giles model. An optimized centre depressed erbium ion profile is also obtained separately. The optimum simplified unidirectional pump combination at 980 nm is then used to excite centre depressed erbium ion profile to achieve considerable reduction in DMG
λ
. The mathematical analysis is further corroborated with simulation results. The 6M-EDFA system designed provided a minimum DMG
λ
of 4.41 dB in six mode group and DMG
λ
of 1.37 dB in five mode group. At smaller values of pump power, a mean gain of about 24.364 dB is achieved at 1550 nm and at lower input signal power of -7 dBm per mode. Gain spectrum is observed to be completely flat over C band for all six modes. Further investigation on evolution of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is reported for 6M-EDFA for the first time with new performance metric namely ASE ratio to indicate the deviation of noise between six modes. The ASE ratio of about 2.387 is obtained indicating that the designed system is reasonably immune to noise effects. The influence of non ideal high concentration effects is also investigated on the designed system. The DMG
λ
values are observed to monotonically increase with length and concentration and decrease with wavelength and input signal powers.</description><subject>Amplification</subject><subject>Amplifier design</subject><subject>C band</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Computer Communication Networks</subject><subject>Doped fibers</subject><subject>Electrical Engineering</subject><subject>Emission analysis</subject><subject>Erbium</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Linear polarization</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Optical Devices</subject><subject>Optics</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Photonics</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Propagation modes</subject><subject>Spontaneous emission</subject><issn>0306-8919</issn><issn>1572-817X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EEqXwA6wssSUwdp5eVn0AUiU2ILGzprHdpmriYCeU8vW4BIkdi9Es5tyZO5eQawZ3DCC_94xBwSPgECrNWCROyIilOY8Klr-dkhHEkEWFYOKcXHi_BYAsSWFEdjPtq3VzS8sNOiw77aov7CrbUGwUbbUz1tXYlJrqD9z1w8gaavQ-qq3SdD5bTKg_-E7XdF91G9o62-J6APuWdpb66pMeWX9JzgzuvL767WPyupi_TB-j5fPD03SyjMqYiS4SKk0FIihloEBlEpEgqjR4ToXBDOIky1eqXJVMBZQJveJFnnOOOctYjnE8JjfD3uDlvde-k1vbuyaclDx8zWNeMAgUH6jSWe-dNrJ1VY3uIBnIY6pySFWGVOVPqlIEUTyIfICbtXZ_q_9RfQOVqHtS</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Qayoom, Taban</creator><creator>Qazi, Gausia</creator><creator>Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-674X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Design, characterization and performance evaluation of few-mode EDFA system with propagation up to six modes</title><author>Qayoom, Taban ; Qazi, Gausia ; Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-9d559aa0ddf08adf494aad500059fa603467bdcbc1d9d519eb287722a71617a33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amplification</topic><topic>Amplifier design</topic><topic>C band</topic><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Computer Communication Networks</topic><topic>Doped fibers</topic><topic>Electrical Engineering</topic><topic>Emission analysis</topic><topic>Erbium</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Linear polarization</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Optical Devices</topic><topic>Optics</topic><topic>Performance evaluation</topic><topic>Photonics</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Propagation modes</topic><topic>Spontaneous emission</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Qayoom, Taban</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qazi, Gausia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Optical and quantum electronics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Qayoom, Taban</au><au>Qazi, Gausia</au><au>Najeeb-ud-din, Hakim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Design, characterization and performance evaluation of few-mode EDFA system with propagation up to six modes</atitle><jtitle>Optical and quantum electronics</jtitle><stitle>Opt Quant Electron</stitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>52</volume><issue>10</issue><artnum>434</artnum><issn>0306-8919</issn><eissn>1572-817X</eissn><abstract>Modal gain equalized system for six mode-erbium doped fiber amplifier (6M-EDFA) is designed and analyzed. For the ease in calculation an appropriate pump combination of linearly polarized LP
01
, LP
31
and LP
21
modes required for reduction in differential mode gain (DMG
λ
) is mathematically obtained from extended Giles model. An optimized centre depressed erbium ion profile is also obtained separately. The optimum simplified unidirectional pump combination at 980 nm is then used to excite centre depressed erbium ion profile to achieve considerable reduction in DMG
λ
. The mathematical analysis is further corroborated with simulation results. The 6M-EDFA system designed provided a minimum DMG
λ
of 4.41 dB in six mode group and DMG
λ
of 1.37 dB in five mode group. At smaller values of pump power, a mean gain of about 24.364 dB is achieved at 1550 nm and at lower input signal power of -7 dBm per mode. Gain spectrum is observed to be completely flat over C band for all six modes. Further investigation on evolution of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is reported for 6M-EDFA for the first time with new performance metric namely ASE ratio to indicate the deviation of noise between six modes. The ASE ratio of about 2.387 is obtained indicating that the designed system is reasonably immune to noise effects. The influence of non ideal high concentration effects is also investigated on the designed system. The DMG
λ
values are observed to monotonically increase with length and concentration and decrease with wavelength and input signal powers.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s11082-020-02561-9</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-674X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Amplification Amplifier design C band Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Computer Communication Networks Doped fibers Electrical Engineering Emission analysis Erbium Lasers Linear polarization Mathematical analysis Optical Devices Optics Performance evaluation Photonics Physics Physics and Astronomy Propagation modes Spontaneous emission |
| title | Design, characterization and performance evaluation of few-mode EDFA system with propagation up to six modes |
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