Defect levels and interface space charge area responsible for negative photovoltage component in InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector structure

InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector photoresponse spectra consist of quantum dot, wetting layer and GaAs components, however, they frequently contain features attributed to defect levels. In this study we focus on the origin of an unwanted negative photovoltage component in order to find a design al...

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Veröffentlicht in:Microelectronic engineering 2020-06, Vol.230, p.111367, Article 111367
Hauptverfasser: Golovynskyi, S., Datsenko, O.I., Seravalli, L., Trevisi, G., Frigeri, P., Gombia, E., Li, Baikui, Qu, Junle
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container_issue
container_start_page 111367
container_title Microelectronic engineering
container_volume 230
creator Golovynskyi, S.
Datsenko, O.I.
Seravalli, L.
Trevisi, G.
Frigeri, P.
Gombia, E.
Li, Baikui
Qu, Junle
description InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector photoresponse spectra consist of quantum dot, wetting layer and GaAs components, however, they frequently contain features attributed to defect levels. In this study we focus on the origin of an unwanted negative photovoltage component in order to find a design allowing to eliminate these undesirable effects. Photoelectric properties of vertical InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures grown on semi-insulating (si) and n+-GaAs wafers are analyzed. It is found that the photoresponse drop above 1.37 eV in the photovoltage spectrum, observed with si-GaAs substrate, is originated from shallow defect levels in the unintentional space-charge area created at the interface between the substrate and n+-GaAs buffer. The intrinsic field in that area is opposite to the top pn junction, according to modelling calculations, and it reduces the photoelectric response. Photoelectric characterization of the heterostructure grown on n+-GaAs indicates that the utilization of n+-GaAs substrate helps to avoid this band bending and to eliminate its negative effects, increasing the total photoresponse. [Display omitted] •PV consists of quantum dot, wetting layer, GaAs components and features attributed to defect levels.•The negative PV component is found at 1.37 eV in InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructure on si-GaAs wafer.•The negative PV is originated from the shallow defect levels of si-GaAs substrate in the unintentional space-charge area.•The band bending of the unintentional space-charge area is opposite to the top pn junction and it reduces PV.•Utilization of n+-GaAs wafer eliminates si-GaAs-related negative PV, increasing the total PV.
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In this study we focus on the origin of an unwanted negative photovoltage component in order to find a design allowing to eliminate these undesirable effects. Photoelectric properties of vertical InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures grown on semi-insulating (si) and n+-GaAs wafers are analyzed. It is found that the photoresponse drop above 1.37 eV in the photovoltage spectrum, observed with si-GaAs substrate, is originated from shallow defect levels in the unintentional space-charge area created at the interface between the substrate and n+-GaAs buffer. The intrinsic field in that area is opposite to the top pn junction, according to modelling calculations, and it reduces the photoelectric response. Photoelectric characterization of the heterostructure grown on n+-GaAs indicates that the utilization of n+-GaAs substrate helps to avoid this band bending and to eliminate its negative effects, increasing the total photoresponse. [Display omitted] •PV consists of quantum dot, wetting layer, GaAs components and features attributed to defect levels.•The negative PV component is found at 1.37 eV in InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructure on si-GaAs wafer.•The negative PV is originated from the shallow defect levels of si-GaAs substrate in the unintentional space-charge area.•The band bending of the unintentional space-charge area is opposite to the top pn junction and it reduces PV.•Utilization of n+-GaAs wafer eliminates si-GaAs-related negative PV, increasing the total PV.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-9317</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-5568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2020.111367</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Band bending ; Defect level ; Electric properties ; Heterostructure ; Heterostructures ; InAs/GaAs ; Indium arsenides ; Insulation ; P-n junctions ; Photoelectric effect ; Photoelectricity ; Photometers ; Photovoltage ; Quantum dot ; Quantum dots ; Silicon substrates ; Space charge ; Wetting</subject><ispartof>Microelectronic engineering, 2020-06, Vol.230, p.111367, Article 111367</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jun 1, 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-55a21998ec892b6bb51ad5d206f37c40e5a5b78ea48d739e55b21ec19d8db8c33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-55a21998ec892b6bb51ad5d206f37c40e5a5b78ea48d739e55b21ec19d8db8c33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2020.111367$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Golovynskyi, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Datsenko, O.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seravalli, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trevisi, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frigeri, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gombia, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Baikui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qu, Junle</creatorcontrib><title>Defect levels and interface space charge area responsible for negative photovoltage component in InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector structure</title><title>Microelectronic engineering</title><description>InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector photoresponse spectra consist of quantum dot, wetting layer and GaAs components, however, they frequently contain features attributed to defect levels. In this study we focus on the origin of an unwanted negative photovoltage component in order to find a design allowing to eliminate these undesirable effects. Photoelectric properties of vertical InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures grown on semi-insulating (si) and n+-GaAs wafers are analyzed. It is found that the photoresponse drop above 1.37 eV in the photovoltage spectrum, observed with si-GaAs substrate, is originated from shallow defect levels in the unintentional space-charge area created at the interface between the substrate and n+-GaAs buffer. The intrinsic field in that area is opposite to the top pn junction, according to modelling calculations, and it reduces the photoelectric response. Photoelectric characterization of the heterostructure grown on n+-GaAs indicates that the utilization of n+-GaAs substrate helps to avoid this band bending and to eliminate its negative effects, increasing the total photoresponse. [Display omitted] •PV consists of quantum dot, wetting layer, GaAs components and features attributed to defect levels.•The negative PV component is found at 1.37 eV in InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructure on si-GaAs wafer.•The negative PV is originated from the shallow defect levels of si-GaAs substrate in the unintentional space-charge area.•The band bending of the unintentional space-charge area is opposite to the top pn junction and it reduces PV.•Utilization of n+-GaAs wafer eliminates si-GaAs-related negative PV, increasing the total PV.</description><subject>Band bending</subject><subject>Defect level</subject><subject>Electric properties</subject><subject>Heterostructure</subject><subject>Heterostructures</subject><subject>InAs/GaAs</subject><subject>Indium arsenides</subject><subject>Insulation</subject><subject>P-n junctions</subject><subject>Photoelectric effect</subject><subject>Photoelectricity</subject><subject>Photometers</subject><subject>Photovoltage</subject><subject>Quantum dot</subject><subject>Quantum dots</subject><subject>Silicon substrates</subject><subject>Space charge</subject><subject>Wetting</subject><issn>0167-9317</issn><issn>1873-5568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kNFKwzAUhoMoOKcP4F3A625N27QpXo2pczDwRq9DmpxuLW3SJWnBl_CZzajX3iQc-P7_cD6EHkm8IjHJ1-2qB1glcRJmQtK8uEILwoo0ojRn12gRmCIqU1Lcojvn2jjMWcwW6OcFapAedzBB57DQCjfag62FBOyGyytPwh4BCwsCW3CD0a6pOsC1sVjDUfhmAjycjDeT6bwIqDR9oED70IX3euPWO7Fx-DwK7cceK-NnXoEPu0ON83aUfrRwj25q0Tl4-PuX6Ovt9XP7Hh0-dvvt5hDJNKE-HCUSUpYMJCuTKq8qSoSiKonzOi1kFgMVtCoYiIypIi2B0iohIEmpmKqYTNMlepp7B2vOIzjPWzNaHVbyJMsILbKgMFBkpqQ1zlmo-WCbXthvTmJ-0c5bHrTzi3Y-aw-Z5zkTdMLUgOVONqAlqMaGY7kyzT_pX3t5jao</recordid><startdate>20200601</startdate><enddate>20200601</enddate><creator>Golovynskyi, S.</creator><creator>Datsenko, O.I.</creator><creator>Seravalli, L.</creator><creator>Trevisi, G.</creator><creator>Frigeri, P.</creator><creator>Gombia, E.</creator><creator>Li, Baikui</creator><creator>Qu, Junle</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200601</creationdate><title>Defect levels and interface space charge area responsible for negative photovoltage component in InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector structure</title><author>Golovynskyi, S. ; Datsenko, O.I. ; Seravalli, L. ; Trevisi, G. ; Frigeri, P. ; Gombia, E. ; Li, Baikui ; Qu, Junle</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c325t-55a21998ec892b6bb51ad5d206f37c40e5a5b78ea48d739e55b21ec19d8db8c33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Band bending</topic><topic>Defect level</topic><topic>Electric properties</topic><topic>Heterostructure</topic><topic>Heterostructures</topic><topic>InAs/GaAs</topic><topic>Indium arsenides</topic><topic>Insulation</topic><topic>P-n junctions</topic><topic>Photoelectric effect</topic><topic>Photoelectricity</topic><topic>Photometers</topic><topic>Photovoltage</topic><topic>Quantum dot</topic><topic>Quantum dots</topic><topic>Silicon substrates</topic><topic>Space charge</topic><topic>Wetting</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Golovynskyi, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Datsenko, O.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seravalli, L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trevisi, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frigeri, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gombia, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Baikui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qu, Junle</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics &amp; Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Microelectronic engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Golovynskyi, S.</au><au>Datsenko, O.I.</au><au>Seravalli, L.</au><au>Trevisi, G.</au><au>Frigeri, P.</au><au>Gombia, E.</au><au>Li, Baikui</au><au>Qu, Junle</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Defect levels and interface space charge area responsible for negative photovoltage component in InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector structure</atitle><jtitle>Microelectronic engineering</jtitle><date>2020-06-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>230</volume><spage>111367</spage><pages>111367-</pages><artnum>111367</artnum><issn>0167-9317</issn><eissn>1873-5568</eissn><abstract>InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector photoresponse spectra consist of quantum dot, wetting layer and GaAs components, however, they frequently contain features attributed to defect levels. In this study we focus on the origin of an unwanted negative photovoltage component in order to find a design allowing to eliminate these undesirable effects. Photoelectric properties of vertical InAs/GaAs quantum dot structures grown on semi-insulating (si) and n+-GaAs wafers are analyzed. It is found that the photoresponse drop above 1.37 eV in the photovoltage spectrum, observed with si-GaAs substrate, is originated from shallow defect levels in the unintentional space-charge area created at the interface between the substrate and n+-GaAs buffer. The intrinsic field in that area is opposite to the top pn junction, according to modelling calculations, and it reduces the photoelectric response. Photoelectric characterization of the heterostructure grown on n+-GaAs indicates that the utilization of n+-GaAs substrate helps to avoid this band bending and to eliminate its negative effects, increasing the total photoresponse. [Display omitted] •PV consists of quantum dot, wetting layer, GaAs components and features attributed to defect levels.•The negative PV component is found at 1.37 eV in InAs/GaAs quantum dot heterostructure on si-GaAs wafer.•The negative PV is originated from the shallow defect levels of si-GaAs substrate in the unintentional space-charge area.•The band bending of the unintentional space-charge area is opposite to the top pn junction and it reduces PV.•Utilization of n+-GaAs wafer eliminates si-GaAs-related negative PV, increasing the total PV.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.mee.2020.111367</doi></addata></record>
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subjects Band bending
Defect level
Electric properties
Heterostructure
Heterostructures
InAs/GaAs
Indium arsenides
Insulation
P-n junctions
Photoelectric effect
Photoelectricity
Photometers
Photovoltage
Quantum dot
Quantum dots
Silicon substrates
Space charge
Wetting
title Defect levels and interface space charge area responsible for negative photovoltage component in InAs/GaAs quantum dot photodetector structure
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