Validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 16 drugs and metabolites in hair in the context of driving license granting
•A fast UHPLC–MS/MS method for multi-analytes hair analysis was developed and validated.•The measurement uncertainty in multi-analytes hair analysis was demonstrated•Twelve percent of injured drivers tested positive for drug abuse by hair analysis•Hair analysis can identify retrospective drug abuse....
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creator | Müller, Victoria Vendramini Hahn, Roberta Zilles Lizot, Lilian de Lima Feltraco Schneider, Anelise da Silva, Cristiane Pereira Gerbase, Fernando Engel Pereira, Danilo Linden, Rafael Antunes, Marina Venzon |
description | •A fast UHPLC–MS/MS method for multi-analytes hair analysis was developed and validated.•The measurement uncertainty in multi-analytes hair analysis was demonstrated•Twelve percent of injured drivers tested positive for drug abuse by hair analysis•Hair analysis can identify retrospective drug abuse.
The use of psychoactive substances has been associated with increased risk for traffic accidents. Hair testing has become a routine practice in clinical and forensic toxicological laboratories, with a unique perspective in the investigation of drug consumption. The study aimed to develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of multiple drugs in hair, to be used for toxicological examination in driving license granting. Sample preparation was a one-step liquid extraction of milled hair with methanol, which was incubated for 15h at 50°C. The chromatographic separation was performed in a reversed phase column, with a run time of 2.2min. Measured compounds were cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, fenproporex, amfepramone, mazindol, codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and tetrahydrocannabinol. The assay was linear for all substances (r>0.99), accurate (86.63–105.87 %), and precise, with a cv ranging from 1.9–13.5 % for intra-assay and 3.3–14.3 % for inter-assay. There was no significant carry over effect and the internal standard corrected matrix effect was minimal. The relative uncertainty percentages were below 9% for all the substances at cut-off values. The method was successfully applied to 50 hair samples from injured drivers, with 12% of positivity, including cocaine, MDMA and THC. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110428 |
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The use of psychoactive substances has been associated with increased risk for traffic accidents. Hair testing has become a routine practice in clinical and forensic toxicological laboratories, with a unique perspective in the investigation of drug consumption. The study aimed to develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of multiple drugs in hair, to be used for toxicological examination in driving license granting. Sample preparation was a one-step liquid extraction of milled hair with methanol, which was incubated for 15h at 50°C. The chromatographic separation was performed in a reversed phase column, with a run time of 2.2min. Measured compounds were cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, fenproporex, amfepramone, mazindol, codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and tetrahydrocannabinol. The assay was linear for all substances (r>0.99), accurate (86.63–105.87 %), and precise, with a cv ranging from 1.9–13.5 % for intra-assay and 3.3–14.3 % for inter-assay. There was no significant carry over effect and the internal standard corrected matrix effect was minimal. The relative uncertainty percentages were below 9% for all the substances at cut-off values. The method was successfully applied to 50 hair samples from injured drivers, with 12% of positivity, including cocaine, MDMA and THC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0379-0738</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6283</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110428</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32771886</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Accreditation ; Amphetamines ; Assaying ; Automobile Driving ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cocaethylene ; Cocaine ; Codeine ; Criminal investigations ; Driving ability ; driving license ; Drug abuse ; Drugs ; Drugs of abuse ; Ecstasy ; Forensic science ; Forensic sciences ; Hair ; Hair - chemistry ; Hair analysis ; Humans ; Illicit Drugs - analysis ; Licensure ; Limit of Detection ; Mass Spectrometry ; MDMA ; Metabolites ; Methamphetamine ; Methods ; Morphine ; Occupant injuries ; Psychotropic Drugs - analysis ; Quality control ; Quality standards ; Sample preparation ; Substance Abuse Detection - methods ; Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis ; Tetrahydrocannabinol ; THC ; Toxicological analysis ; Traffic ; Traffic accidents ; Traffic accidents & safety ; UHPLC-MS/MS</subject><ispartof>Forensic science international, 2020-10, Vol.315, p.110428, Article 110428</ispartof><rights>2020 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2020. Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-1983646b856ad6786be20e5181bc68463438569527b0148a11eb347746d6a30a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-1983646b856ad6786be20e5181bc68463438569527b0148a11eb347746d6a30a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0379073820302905$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32771886$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Müller, Victoria Vendramini</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hahn, Roberta Zilles</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lizot, Lilian de Lima Feltraco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schneider, Anelise</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Cristiane Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerbase, Fernando Engel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira, Danilo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Linden, Rafael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antunes, Marina Venzon</creatorcontrib><title>Validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 16 drugs and metabolites in hair in the context of driving license granting</title><title>Forensic science international</title><addtitle>Forensic Sci Int</addtitle><description>•A fast UHPLC–MS/MS method for multi-analytes hair analysis was developed and validated.•The measurement uncertainty in multi-analytes hair analysis was demonstrated•Twelve percent of injured drivers tested positive for drug abuse by hair analysis•Hair analysis can identify retrospective drug abuse.
The use of psychoactive substances has been associated with increased risk for traffic accidents. Hair testing has become a routine practice in clinical and forensic toxicological laboratories, with a unique perspective in the investigation of drug consumption. The study aimed to develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of multiple drugs in hair, to be used for toxicological examination in driving license granting. Sample preparation was a one-step liquid extraction of milled hair with methanol, which was incubated for 15h at 50°C. The chromatographic separation was performed in a reversed phase column, with a run time of 2.2min. Measured compounds were cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, fenproporex, amfepramone, mazindol, codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and tetrahydrocannabinol. The assay was linear for all substances (r>0.99), accurate (86.63–105.87 %), and precise, with a cv ranging from 1.9–13.5 % for intra-assay and 3.3–14.3 % for inter-assay. There was no significant carry over effect and the internal standard corrected matrix effect was minimal. The relative uncertainty percentages were below 9% for all the substances at cut-off values. The method was successfully applied to 50 hair samples from injured drivers, with 12% of positivity, including cocaine, MDMA and THC.</description><subject>Accreditation</subject><subject>Amphetamines</subject><subject>Assaying</subject><subject>Automobile Driving</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>Cocaethylene</subject><subject>Cocaine</subject><subject>Codeine</subject><subject>Criminal investigations</subject><subject>Driving ability</subject><subject>driving license</subject><subject>Drug abuse</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Drugs of abuse</subject><subject>Ecstasy</subject><subject>Forensic science</subject><subject>Forensic sciences</subject><subject>Hair</subject><subject>Hair - chemistry</subject><subject>Hair analysis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Illicit Drugs - analysis</subject><subject>Licensure</subject><subject>Limit of Detection</subject><subject>Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>MDMA</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Methamphetamine</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Morphine</subject><subject>Occupant injuries</subject><subject>Psychotropic Drugs - analysis</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Quality standards</subject><subject>Sample preparation</subject><subject>Substance Abuse Detection - methods</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis</subject><subject>Tetrahydrocannabinol</subject><subject>THC</subject><subject>Toxicological analysis</subject><subject>Traffic</subject><subject>Traffic accidents</subject><subject>Traffic accidents & 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Int</addtitle><date>2020-10</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>315</volume><spage>110428</spage><pages>110428-</pages><artnum>110428</artnum><issn>0379-0738</issn><eissn>1872-6283</eissn><abstract>•A fast UHPLC–MS/MS method for multi-analytes hair analysis was developed and validated.•The measurement uncertainty in multi-analytes hair analysis was demonstrated•Twelve percent of injured drivers tested positive for drug abuse by hair analysis•Hair analysis can identify retrospective drug abuse.
The use of psychoactive substances has been associated with increased risk for traffic accidents. Hair testing has become a routine practice in clinical and forensic toxicological laboratories, with a unique perspective in the investigation of drug consumption. The study aimed to develop and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of multiple drugs in hair, to be used for toxicological examination in driving license granting. Sample preparation was a one-step liquid extraction of milled hair with methanol, which was incubated for 15h at 50°C. The chromatographic separation was performed in a reversed phase column, with a run time of 2.2min. Measured compounds were cocaine, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxyamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, fenproporex, amfepramone, mazindol, codeine, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine, and tetrahydrocannabinol. The assay was linear for all substances (r>0.99), accurate (86.63–105.87 %), and precise, with a cv ranging from 1.9–13.5 % for intra-assay and 3.3–14.3 % for inter-assay. There was no significant carry over effect and the internal standard corrected matrix effect was minimal. The relative uncertainty percentages were below 9% for all the substances at cut-off values. The method was successfully applied to 50 hair samples from injured drivers, with 12% of positivity, including cocaine, MDMA and THC.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>32771886</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110428</doi></addata></record> |
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subjects | Accreditation Amphetamines Assaying Automobile Driving Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Cocaethylene Cocaine Codeine Criminal investigations Driving ability driving license Drug abuse Drugs Drugs of abuse Ecstasy Forensic science Forensic sciences Hair Hair - chemistry Hair analysis Humans Illicit Drugs - analysis Licensure Limit of Detection Mass Spectrometry MDMA Metabolites Methamphetamine Methods Morphine Occupant injuries Psychotropic Drugs - analysis Quality control Quality standards Sample preparation Substance Abuse Detection - methods Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis Tetrahydrocannabinol THC Toxicological analysis Traffic Traffic accidents Traffic accidents & safety UHPLC-MS/MS |
title | Validation of an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of 16 drugs and metabolites in hair in the context of driving license granting |
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