Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia
Purpose Soil erosion is one of the most significant environmental problems in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted in the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed and at the sub-catchment scale with and without soil and water conservation (SWC) measures to estimate event-based sediment yield and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of soils and sediments 2020-10, Vol.20 (10), p.3756-3768 |
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| creator | Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera Muluneh, Alemayehu Moges, Awdenegest Kendie, Hailu |
| description | Purpose
Soil erosion is one of the most significant environmental problems in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted in the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed and at the sub-catchment scale with and without soil and water conservation (SWC) measures to estimate event-based sediment yield and evaluate the effectiveness of level stone bunds on sediment reduction.
Materials and methods
The runoff volume and peak discharge were recorded manually with the help of a time series of pictures using the DOERR digital camera. The sediment concentration was determined from manual runoff samples and grid-based soil samples were collected at 162 points. The slope map and satellite image were obtained from the USGS Earth Explorer database with 30-m and 15-m spatial resolutions, respectively. Finally, all six-model factors were combined using the raster calculator in map algebra through the MUSLE framework. The paired
t
test parametric procedures were applied to test whether the means of event-based predicted and observed sediment yield values are different.
Result and discussion
The average event-based observed and estimated sediment yields were 0.5581 and 0.4031 Mg ha
−1
for the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, 0.5125 and 0.4194 Mg ha
−1
for the treated (with SWC) sub-catchment, and 1.0694 and 1.0150 Mg ha
−1
for the untreated (without SWC) sub-catchment, respectively. The observed and estimated sediment losses within the main watershed and sub-catchments were not significantly different. However, comparing the treated and untreated sub-catchments, the sediment losses were highly significantly different and the stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8%. In general, the MUSLE model performed well to estimate sediment yield in the study area with
R
2
values of 0.62, 0.72, and 0.7 and NSE values of 0.53, 0.71, and 0.34 for treated, untreated, and the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, respectively.
Conclusion
The results showed that stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8% as compared with untreated sub-catchment. Therefore, successful implementation of stone bunds in the study area, as well as similar agro-ecologies, has a great benefit to enhance land productivity. Meanwhile, the MUSLE model was well suited for reliable applications of sediment yield estimation in the study area. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11368-020-02715-y |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2441103775</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2441103775</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-6799778cbdb1279b714fda872dd6908e12c6116cb6dfd83411302831498738cf3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kEFPwyAYhhujiXP6BzyReF0VSlfoUZc5TaZe9EwofN2YHZ1AZ_o7_MMya-LNA4GE532_fE-SXBJ8TTBmN54QWvAUZzgeRqZpf5SMSEHylOUcH8d3TssUE8xPkzPvNxhTFr9HydfcB7OVwbQWtTXyoM0WbEC9gUYjaTWCugYVzB4seH9gGthDg3xoLaCqs9qj0CIHulPwl2_aCBuLwhrQottKJ9Mn-e5hZU1AnzKA82vQE_RsGkB30hs7QfOwNu3OyPPkpJaNh4vfe5y83c9fZw_p8mXxOLtdpoqSMqQFK0vGuKp0RTJWVozktZacZVoXJeZAMlUQUqiq0LXmNI-KcMYpyUvOKFc1HSdXQ-_OtR8d-CA2bedsHCmyPOLREZtGKhso5eJODmqxc9GY6wXB4iBfDPJFlC9-5Is-hugQ8hG2K3B_1f-kvgE2W4lA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2441103775</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia</title><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera ; Muluneh, Alemayehu ; Moges, Awdenegest ; Kendie, Hailu</creator><creatorcontrib>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera ; Muluneh, Alemayehu ; Moges, Awdenegest ; Kendie, Hailu</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Soil erosion is one of the most significant environmental problems in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted in the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed and at the sub-catchment scale with and without soil and water conservation (SWC) measures to estimate event-based sediment yield and evaluate the effectiveness of level stone bunds on sediment reduction.
Materials and methods
The runoff volume and peak discharge were recorded manually with the help of a time series of pictures using the DOERR digital camera. The sediment concentration was determined from manual runoff samples and grid-based soil samples were collected at 162 points. The slope map and satellite image were obtained from the USGS Earth Explorer database with 30-m and 15-m spatial resolutions, respectively. Finally, all six-model factors were combined using the raster calculator in map algebra through the MUSLE framework. The paired
t
test parametric procedures were applied to test whether the means of event-based predicted and observed sediment yield values are different.
Result and discussion
The average event-based observed and estimated sediment yields were 0.5581 and 0.4031 Mg ha
−1
for the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, 0.5125 and 0.4194 Mg ha
−1
for the treated (with SWC) sub-catchment, and 1.0694 and 1.0150 Mg ha
−1
for the untreated (without SWC) sub-catchment, respectively. The observed and estimated sediment losses within the main watershed and sub-catchments were not significantly different. However, comparing the treated and untreated sub-catchments, the sediment losses were highly significantly different and the stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8%. In general, the MUSLE model performed well to estimate sediment yield in the study area with
R
2
values of 0.62, 0.72, and 0.7 and NSE values of 0.53, 0.71, and 0.34 for treated, untreated, and the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, respectively.
Conclusion
The results showed that stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8% as compared with untreated sub-catchment. Therefore, successful implementation of stone bunds in the study area, as well as similar agro-ecologies, has a great benefit to enhance land productivity. Meanwhile, the MUSLE model was well suited for reliable applications of sediment yield estimation in the study area.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1439-0108</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7480</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11368-020-02715-y</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Calculators ; Catchment area ; Catchment scale ; Catchments ; Digital cameras ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Physics ; Flood peak ; Pictures ; Runoff ; Runoff volume ; Satellite imagery ; Sec 3 • Hillslope and River Basin Sediment Dynamics • Research Article ; Sediment ; Sediment concentration ; Sediment yield ; Sediments ; Soil conservation ; Soil erosion ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Soil water ; Soils ; Spaceborne remote sensing ; Stone ; Water conservation ; Watersheds</subject><ispartof>Journal of soils and sediments, 2020-10, Vol.20 (10), p.3756-3768</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-6799778cbdb1279b714fda872dd6908e12c6116cb6dfd83411302831498738cf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-6799778cbdb1279b714fda872dd6908e12c6116cb6dfd83411302831498738cf3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0074-7783</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11368-020-02715-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11368-020-02715-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51297</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muluneh, Alemayehu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moges, Awdenegest</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kendie, Hailu</creatorcontrib><title>Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia</title><title>Journal of soils and sediments</title><addtitle>J Soils Sediments</addtitle><description>Purpose
Soil erosion is one of the most significant environmental problems in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted in the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed and at the sub-catchment scale with and without soil and water conservation (SWC) measures to estimate event-based sediment yield and evaluate the effectiveness of level stone bunds on sediment reduction.
Materials and methods
The runoff volume and peak discharge were recorded manually with the help of a time series of pictures using the DOERR digital camera. The sediment concentration was determined from manual runoff samples and grid-based soil samples were collected at 162 points. The slope map and satellite image were obtained from the USGS Earth Explorer database with 30-m and 15-m spatial resolutions, respectively. Finally, all six-model factors were combined using the raster calculator in map algebra through the MUSLE framework. The paired
t
test parametric procedures were applied to test whether the means of event-based predicted and observed sediment yield values are different.
Result and discussion
The average event-based observed and estimated sediment yields were 0.5581 and 0.4031 Mg ha
−1
for the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, 0.5125 and 0.4194 Mg ha
−1
for the treated (with SWC) sub-catchment, and 1.0694 and 1.0150 Mg ha
−1
for the untreated (without SWC) sub-catchment, respectively. The observed and estimated sediment losses within the main watershed and sub-catchments were not significantly different. However, comparing the treated and untreated sub-catchments, the sediment losses were highly significantly different and the stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8%. In general, the MUSLE model performed well to estimate sediment yield in the study area with
R
2
values of 0.62, 0.72, and 0.7 and NSE values of 0.53, 0.71, and 0.34 for treated, untreated, and the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, respectively.
Conclusion
The results showed that stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8% as compared with untreated sub-catchment. Therefore, successful implementation of stone bunds in the study area, as well as similar agro-ecologies, has a great benefit to enhance land productivity. Meanwhile, the MUSLE model was well suited for reliable applications of sediment yield estimation in the study area.</description><subject>Calculators</subject><subject>Catchment area</subject><subject>Catchment scale</subject><subject>Catchments</subject><subject>Digital cameras</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Physics</subject><subject>Flood peak</subject><subject>Pictures</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Runoff volume</subject><subject>Satellite imagery</subject><subject>Sec 3 • Hillslope and River Basin Sediment Dynamics • Research Article</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediment concentration</subject><subject>Sediment yield</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Soil conservation</subject><subject>Soil erosion</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Spaceborne remote sensing</subject><subject>Stone</subject><subject>Water conservation</subject><subject>Watersheds</subject><issn>1439-0108</issn><issn>1614-7480</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEFPwyAYhhujiXP6BzyReF0VSlfoUZc5TaZe9EwofN2YHZ1AZ_o7_MMya-LNA4GE532_fE-SXBJ8TTBmN54QWvAUZzgeRqZpf5SMSEHylOUcH8d3TssUE8xPkzPvNxhTFr9HydfcB7OVwbQWtTXyoM0WbEC9gUYjaTWCugYVzB4seH9gGthDg3xoLaCqs9qj0CIHulPwl2_aCBuLwhrQottKJ9Mn-e5hZU1AnzKA82vQE_RsGkB30hs7QfOwNu3OyPPkpJaNh4vfe5y83c9fZw_p8mXxOLtdpoqSMqQFK0vGuKp0RTJWVozktZacZVoXJeZAMlUQUqiq0LXmNI-KcMYpyUvOKFc1HSdXQ-_OtR8d-CA2bedsHCmyPOLREZtGKhso5eJODmqxc9GY6wXB4iBfDPJFlC9-5Is-hugQ8hG2K3B_1f-kvgE2W4lA</recordid><startdate>20201001</startdate><enddate>20201001</enddate><creator>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera</creator><creator>Muluneh, Alemayehu</creator><creator>Moges, Awdenegest</creator><creator>Kendie, Hailu</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-7783</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201001</creationdate><title>Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia</title><author>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera ; Muluneh, Alemayehu ; Moges, Awdenegest ; Kendie, Hailu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-6799778cbdb1279b714fda872dd6908e12c6116cb6dfd83411302831498738cf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Calculators</topic><topic>Catchment area</topic><topic>Catchment scale</topic><topic>Catchments</topic><topic>Digital cameras</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Physics</topic><topic>Flood peak</topic><topic>Pictures</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Runoff volume</topic><topic>Satellite imagery</topic><topic>Sec 3 • Hillslope and River Basin Sediment Dynamics • Research Article</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediment concentration</topic><topic>Sediment yield</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Soil conservation</topic><topic>Soil erosion</topic><topic>Soil Science & Conservation</topic><topic>Soil water</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Spaceborne remote sensing</topic><topic>Stone</topic><topic>Water conservation</topic><topic>Watersheds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muluneh, Alemayehu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moges, Awdenegest</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kendie, Hailu</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of soils and sediments</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alemayehu, Atikilt Abera</au><au>Muluneh, Alemayehu</au><au>Moges, Awdenegest</au><au>Kendie, Hailu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia</atitle><jtitle>Journal of soils and sediments</jtitle><stitle>J Soils Sediments</stitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3756</spage><epage>3768</epage><pages>3756-3768</pages><issn>1439-0108</issn><eissn>1614-7480</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Soil erosion is one of the most significant environmental problems in the Ethiopian highlands. The study was conducted in the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed and at the sub-catchment scale with and without soil and water conservation (SWC) measures to estimate event-based sediment yield and evaluate the effectiveness of level stone bunds on sediment reduction.
Materials and methods
The runoff volume and peak discharge were recorded manually with the help of a time series of pictures using the DOERR digital camera. The sediment concentration was determined from manual runoff samples and grid-based soil samples were collected at 162 points. The slope map and satellite image were obtained from the USGS Earth Explorer database with 30-m and 15-m spatial resolutions, respectively. Finally, all six-model factors were combined using the raster calculator in map algebra through the MUSLE framework. The paired
t
test parametric procedures were applied to test whether the means of event-based predicted and observed sediment yield values are different.
Result and discussion
The average event-based observed and estimated sediment yields were 0.5581 and 0.4031 Mg ha
−1
for the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, 0.5125 and 0.4194 Mg ha
−1
for the treated (with SWC) sub-catchment, and 1.0694 and 1.0150 Mg ha
−1
for the untreated (without SWC) sub-catchment, respectively. The observed and estimated sediment losses within the main watershed and sub-catchments were not significantly different. However, comparing the treated and untreated sub-catchments, the sediment losses were highly significantly different and the stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8%. In general, the MUSLE model performed well to estimate sediment yield in the study area with
R
2
values of 0.62, 0.72, and 0.7 and NSE values of 0.53, 0.71, and 0.34 for treated, untreated, and the main Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, respectively.
Conclusion
The results showed that stone bunds have a capacity for reducing sediment loss by 58.8% as compared with untreated sub-catchment. Therefore, successful implementation of stone bunds in the study area, as well as similar agro-ecologies, has a great benefit to enhance land productivity. Meanwhile, the MUSLE model was well suited for reliable applications of sediment yield estimation in the study area.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s11368-020-02715-y</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-7783</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Calculators Catchment area Catchment scale Catchments Digital cameras Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Physics Flood peak Pictures Runoff Runoff volume Satellite imagery Sec 3 • Hillslope and River Basin Sediment Dynamics • Research Article Sediment Sediment concentration Sediment yield Sediments Soil conservation Soil erosion Soil Science & Conservation Soil water Soils Spaceborne remote sensing Stone Water conservation Watersheds |
| title | Estimation of sediment yield and effectiveness of level stone bunds to reduce sediment loss in the Gumara-Maksegnit watershed, Nile Basin, Ethiopia |
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