Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard
Biological invasions are a contemporary global threat because invasive species can have substantial negative economic and ecological impacts. Invasive species can outcompete native species through two main mechanisms: interference competition (direct, negative interactions like aggression) and/or ex...
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creator | Damas-Moreira, Isabel Riley, Julia L. Carretero, Miguel A. Harris, D. James Whiting, Martin J. |
description | Biological invasions are a contemporary global threat because invasive species can have substantial negative economic and ecological impacts. Invasive species can outcompete native species through two main mechanisms: interference competition (direct, negative interactions like aggression) and/or exploitative competition (indirect, negative interactions resulting from species using the same, limited resources like food). The invasive Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) was introduced into Lisbon, Portugal, 20 years ago, and is believed to be locally displacing the native green Iberian wall lizard (Podarcis virescens). We experimentally tested for competition between these two lizard species by establishing heterospecific (one pair of each species) and conspecific (two pairs of the same species; control) treatments in enclosures containing a high- and a low-quality refuge. Lizards were fed from food dishes every other day. We tested if species showed interference (aggressive behaviour, stealing food and shelter exclusion) or exploitative competition (tolerance between species but differences in food consumption efficiency). We found evidence for exploitative competition: the invasive species arrived first at food stations, consumed more food and gained more weight than the native species. We suggest that exploitative competition may, in part, explain the observed displacement of P. virescens from contact areas with the invasive P. siculus. Deciphering the competitive mechanisms between invasive and native species is vital for understanding the invasion process. |
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We experimentally tested for competition between these two lizard species by establishing heterospecific (one pair of each species) and conspecific (two pairs of the same species; control) treatments in enclosures containing a high- and a low-quality refuge. Lizards were fed from food dishes every other day. We tested if species showed interference (aggressive behaviour, stealing food and shelter exclusion) or exploitative competition (tolerance between species but differences in food consumption efficiency). We found evidence for exploitative competition: the invasive species arrived first at food stations, consumed more food and gained more weight than the native species. We suggest that exploitative competition may, in part, explain the observed displacement of P. virescens from contact areas with the invasive P. siculus. Deciphering the competitive mechanisms between invasive and native species is vital for understanding the invasion process.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-5443</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0762</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02893-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Science + Business Media</publisher><subject>Aggressive behavior ; Animal Ecology ; Behavioral Sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Competition ; Congeners ; Displacement ; Environmental conditions ; Food ; Food consumption ; Indigenous species ; Interference ; Introduced species ; Invasive species ; Life Sciences ; Lizards ; Native species ; Nonnative species ; ORIGINAL ARTICLE ; Podarcis siculus ; Podarcis virescens ; Sympatric populations ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Behavioral ecology and sociobiology, 2020-10, Vol.74 (10), p.1-12, Article 117</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-eb6e9c8550f5d025bd919630f7e36664486d58dd48e946cff6dcf17965c3b6ce3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c341t-eb6e9c8550f5d025bd919630f7e36664486d58dd48e946cff6dcf17965c3b6ce3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2335-7198 ; 0000-0002-4662-0227 ; 0000-0003-4630-3202 ; 0000-0001-5144-2421 ; 0000-0001-7691-6910</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48727813$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48727813$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319,58017,58250</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Damas-Moreira, Isabel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riley, Julia L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carretero, Miguel A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, D. 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James</au><au>Whiting, Martin J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard</atitle><jtitle>Behavioral ecology and sociobiology</jtitle><stitle>Behav Ecol Sociobiol</stitle><date>2020-10-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>12</epage><pages>1-12</pages><artnum>117</artnum><issn>0340-5443</issn><eissn>1432-0762</eissn><abstract>Biological invasions are a contemporary global threat because invasive species can have substantial negative economic and ecological impacts. Invasive species can outcompete native species through two main mechanisms: interference competition (direct, negative interactions like aggression) and/or exploitative competition (indirect, negative interactions resulting from species using the same, limited resources like food). The invasive Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) was introduced into Lisbon, Portugal, 20 years ago, and is believed to be locally displacing the native green Iberian wall lizard (Podarcis virescens). We experimentally tested for competition between these two lizard species by establishing heterospecific (one pair of each species) and conspecific (two pairs of the same species; control) treatments in enclosures containing a high- and a low-quality refuge. Lizards were fed from food dishes every other day. We tested if species showed interference (aggressive behaviour, stealing food and shelter exclusion) or exploitative competition (tolerance between species but differences in food consumption efficiency). We found evidence for exploitative competition: the invasive species arrived first at food stations, consumed more food and gained more weight than the native species. 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subjects | Aggressive behavior Animal Ecology Behavioral Sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Competition Congeners Displacement Environmental conditions Food Food consumption Indigenous species Interference Introduced species Invasive species Life Sciences Lizards Native species Nonnative species ORIGINAL ARTICLE Podarcis siculus Podarcis virescens Sympatric populations Zoology |
title | Getting ahead: exploitative competition by an invasive lizard |
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