Prevalence of self-medication in university students: systematic review and meta-analysis
Self-medication can lead to serious consequences but its overall prevalence in students is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication in students through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of self-medication in students across...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Eastern Mediterranean health journal 2020-07, Vol.26 (7), p.846-857 |
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| creator | Behzadifar, Meysam Behzadifar, Masoud Aryankhesal, Aidin Ravaghi, Hamid Baradaran, Hamid Reza Sajadi, Haniye Sadat Khaksarian, Mojtaba Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi |
| description | Self-medication can lead to serious consequences but its overall prevalence in students is not known.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication in students through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of self-medication in students across the world.
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI/Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2017. Studies reporting the prevalence of self-treatment in university students were selected. Data recorded included year of publication, country where the study was conducted, sample size, prevalence of self-medication, sex and mean age of students, and faculty of students (medical or non-medical). A random-effect model was used to determine effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the I
test. A sensitivity analysis assessed stability of the findings.
A total of 89 studies were included in the analysis, which comprised 60 938 students. The overall prevalence of self-medication in university students was 70.1% (95% CI: 64.3-75.4%). Female students self-medicated more often than male students: odds ratio = 1.45 (95% CI%: 1.17-1.79). The prevalence of self-medication in medical students (97.2%) was higher than in non-medical students (44.7%). The I
test indicated high, statistically significant heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
The prevalence of self-medication among students worldwide is high. Programmes on the risks of self-medication and increasing control and monitoring of the sale of drugs are recommended. Facilitating students' access to doctors and health centres could reduce self-medication in students. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.26719/emhj.20.052 |
| format | Article |
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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication in students through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of self-medication in students across the world.
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI/Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2017. Studies reporting the prevalence of self-treatment in university students were selected. Data recorded included year of publication, country where the study was conducted, sample size, prevalence of self-medication, sex and mean age of students, and faculty of students (medical or non-medical). A random-effect model was used to determine effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the I
test. A sensitivity analysis assessed stability of the findings.
A total of 89 studies were included in the analysis, which comprised 60 938 students. The overall prevalence of self-medication in university students was 70.1% (95% CI: 64.3-75.4%). Female students self-medicated more often than male students: odds ratio = 1.45 (95% CI%: 1.17-1.79). The prevalence of self-medication in medical students (97.2%) was higher than in non-medical students (44.7%). The I
test indicated high, statistically significant heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
The prevalence of self-medication among students worldwide is high. Programmes on the risks of self-medication and increasing control and monitoring of the sale of drugs are recommended. Facilitating students' access to doctors and health centres could reduce self-medication in students.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1020-3397</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1687-1634</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1020-3397</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.26719/emhj.20.052</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32794171</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Egypt: World Health Organization</publisher><subject>Activities of daily living ; Analysis ; College students ; Confidence intervals ; Drugs ; Female ; Full text ; Health care facilities ; Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Male ; Medical students ; Meta-analysis ; Physicians ; Prevalence ; Search engines ; Self Care ; Self Medication ; Sensitivity analysis ; Stability analysis ; Statistical analysis ; Students ; Students, Medical ; Studies ; Systematic review ; Universities ; University students</subject><ispartof>Eastern Mediterranean health journal, 2020-07, Vol.26 (7), p.846-857</ispartof><rights>Copyright © World Health Organization (WHO) 2020. Open Access. Some rights reserved. This work is available under the CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 World Health Organization</rights><rights>Copyright World Health Organization 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c451t-61bd8a8d7a6844c3fbb71ed54e5440ed928ea6609753359a69cae5eac4da32103</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32794171$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Behzadifar, Meysam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Behzadifar, Masoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aryankhesal, Aidin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ravaghi, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baradaran, Hamid Reza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sajadi, Haniye Sadat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khaksarian, Mojtaba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi</creatorcontrib><title>Prevalence of self-medication in university students: systematic review and meta-analysis</title><title>Eastern Mediterranean health journal</title><addtitle>East Mediterr Health J</addtitle><description>Self-medication can lead to serious consequences but its overall prevalence in students is not known.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication in students through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of self-medication in students across the world.
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI/Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2017. Studies reporting the prevalence of self-treatment in university students were selected. Data recorded included year of publication, country where the study was conducted, sample size, prevalence of self-medication, sex and mean age of students, and faculty of students (medical or non-medical). A random-effect model was used to determine effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the I
test. A sensitivity analysis assessed stability of the findings.
A total of 89 studies were included in the analysis, which comprised 60 938 students. The overall prevalence of self-medication in university students was 70.1% (95% CI: 64.3-75.4%). Female students self-medicated more often than male students: odds ratio = 1.45 (95% CI%: 1.17-1.79). The prevalence of self-medication in medical students (97.2%) was higher than in non-medical students (44.7%). The I
test indicated high, statistically significant heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
The prevalence of self-medication among students worldwide is high. Programmes on the risks of self-medication and increasing control and monitoring of the sale of drugs are recommended. 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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication in students through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of self-medication in students across the world.
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI/Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to October 2017. Studies reporting the prevalence of self-treatment in university students were selected. Data recorded included year of publication, country where the study was conducted, sample size, prevalence of self-medication, sex and mean age of students, and faculty of students (medical or non-medical). A random-effect model was used to determine effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the I
test. A sensitivity analysis assessed stability of the findings.
A total of 89 studies were included in the analysis, which comprised 60 938 students. The overall prevalence of self-medication in university students was 70.1% (95% CI: 64.3-75.4%). Female students self-medicated more often than male students: odds ratio = 1.45 (95% CI%: 1.17-1.79). The prevalence of self-medication in medical students (97.2%) was higher than in non-medical students (44.7%). The I
test indicated high, statistically significant heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable.
The prevalence of self-medication among students worldwide is high. Programmes on the risks of self-medication and increasing control and monitoring of the sale of drugs are recommended. Facilitating students' access to doctors and health centres could reduce self-medication in students.</abstract><cop>Egypt</cop><pub>World Health Organization</pub><pmid>32794171</pmid><doi>10.26719/emhj.20.052</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Activities of daily living Analysis College students Confidence intervals Drugs Female Full text Health care facilities Heterogeneity Humans Male Medical students Meta-analysis Physicians Prevalence Search engines Self Care Self Medication Sensitivity analysis Stability analysis Statistical analysis Students Students, Medical Studies Systematic review Universities University students |
| title | Prevalence of self-medication in university students: systematic review and meta-analysis |
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