The edge of the Empire: diet characterization of medieval Rome through stable isotope analysis

This paper aims to define the dietary profile of the population of early medieval Rome (fifth–eleventh centuries CE) by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. This period was characterized by deep changes in the city’s economic, demographic, and social patterns, probably affecting its inhabita...

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Veröffentlicht in:Archaeological and anthropological sciences 2020-08, Vol.12 (8), Article 196
Hauptverfasser: Varano, Sara, De Angelis, Flavio, Battistini, Andrea, Brancazi, Luca, Pantano, Walter, Ricci, Paola, Romboni, Marco, Catalano, Paola, Gazzaniga, Valentina, Lubritto, Carmine, Santangeli Valenzani, Riccardo, Martínez-Labarga, Cristina, Rickards, Olga
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container_title Archaeological and anthropological sciences
container_volume 12
creator Varano, Sara
De Angelis, Flavio
Battistini, Andrea
Brancazi, Luca
Pantano, Walter
Ricci, Paola
Romboni, Marco
Catalano, Paola
Gazzaniga, Valentina
Lubritto, Carmine
Santangeli Valenzani, Riccardo
Martínez-Labarga, Cristina
Rickards, Olga
description This paper aims to define the dietary profile of the population of early medieval Rome (fifth–eleventh centuries CE) by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. This period was characterized by deep changes in the city’s economic, demographic, and social patterns, probably affecting its inhabitants’ nutritional habits. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen was used to detect the nutritional profile of 110 humans from six communities inhabiting the city center of Rome and one from the ancient city of Gabii. Thirteen faunal remains were also analyzed to define the ecological baseline of the medieval communities. The isotopic results are consistent with a diet mainly based on the exploitation of C 3 plant resources and terrestrial fauna, while the consumption of aquatic resources was detected only among the San Pancrazio population. Animal protein intake proved to be similar both among and within the communities, supporting a qualitatively homogenous dietary landscape in medieval Rome. The comparison with isotopic data from the Imperial Age allowed us to detect a diachronic nutritional transition in ancient Rome, in which the collapse of the Empire, and in particular the crisis of economic power and the trade system, represented a tipping point for its population’s nutritional habits.
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ispartof Archaeological and anthropological sciences, 2020-08, Vol.12 (8), Article 196
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subjects Anthropology
Archaeology
Bones
Chemistry/Food Science
Cities
Community
Diet
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Economics
Exploitation
Geography
Habits
Life Sciences
Nitrogen
Original Paper
Plant resources
Roman civilization
Stable isotopes
title The edge of the Empire: diet characterization of medieval Rome through stable isotope analysis
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