Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Gravity Wave Perturbations in the Upper Atmosphere: GITM‐R Simulations
The tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced concentric gravity waves (CGWs) are capable of propagating upward from convective sources in the troposphere to the upper atmosphere and creating concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs). To examine the CGWs propagation, we implement tropical cyclone‐in...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of geophysical research. Space physics 2020-07, Vol.125 (7), p.n/a |
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| creator | Zhao, Yuxin Deng, Yue Wang, Jing‐Song Zhang, Shun‐Rong Lin, Cissi Y. |
| description | The tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced concentric gravity waves (CGWs) are capable of propagating upward from convective sources in the troposphere to the upper atmosphere and creating concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs). To examine the CGWs propagation, we implement tropical cyclone‐induced CGWs into the lower boundary of global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R) and simulate the influence of CGWs on the ionosphere and thermosphere. GITM‐R is a three‐dimensional non‐hydrostatic general circulation model for the upper atmosphere with the local‐grid refinement module to enhance the resolution at the location of interest. In this study, CGWs induced by the typhoon Meranti in 2016 have been simulated. Information of the TC shape and moving trails is obtained from the TC best‐track dataset, and the gravity wave patterns are specified at the lower boundary of GITM‐R (100 km altitude). The horizontal wavelength and phase velocity of wave perturbation at the lower boundary are specified to be consistent with the TEC observations. The simulation reveals a clear evolution of CTIDs, which shows reasonable agreement with the GPS‐TEC observations. This is the first time the typhoon‐driven TEC perturbation has been simulated in a general circulation model. To further examine the dependence of the CTIDs on the wavelength and frequency of the gravity wave perturbation at the lower boundary, different waveforms have been tested as well. The magnitude of CTIDs has a negative correlation with the period but a positive correlation with the wavelength when the horizontal phase velocities are sufficiently fast against the critical‐level absorption.
Key Points
Tropical cyclone‐induced gravity waves have been simulated using a general circulation model (GCM) for the upper atmosphere
The model has been used is the 3‐D global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R)
The simulation results reveal a clear evolution of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and show a reasonable agreement with observations |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2019JA027675 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Tropical cyclone‐induced gravity waves have been simulated using a general circulation model (GCM) for the upper atmosphere
The model has been used is the 3‐D global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R)
The simulation results reveal a clear evolution of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and show a reasonable agreement with observations</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-9380</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-9402</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2019JA027675</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Atmosphere ; Atmospheric circulation ; Computer simulation ; Correlation ; Cyclones ; General circulation models ; GITM ; gravity wave ; Gravity waves ; Grid refinement (mathematics) ; Ionosphere ; Ionospheric disturbances ; Ionospheric models ; Ionospheric propagation ; Perturbation ; Phase velocity ; simulation ; TEC ; Thermosphere ; Traveling ionospheric disturbances ; tropical cyclone ; Tropical cyclones ; Troposphere ; Typhoons ; Upper atmosphere ; Wave propagation ; Waveforms</subject><ispartof>Journal of geophysical research. Space physics, 2020-07, Vol.125 (7), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3459-828ad4af62e71e7232708bb42e7c9ea96ed5ac56e10a9c76eb511b1d3151d2e73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3459-828ad4af62e71e7232708bb42e7c9ea96ed5ac56e10a9c76eb511b1d3151d2e73</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4989-5672 ; 0000-0002-2071-1948 ; 0000-0002-1946-3166 ; 0000-0002-8508-1588 ; 0000-0003-2943-6812</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2019JA027675$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2019JA027675$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yuxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jing‐Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Cissi Y.</creatorcontrib><title>Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Gravity Wave Perturbations in the Upper Atmosphere: GITM‐R Simulations</title><title>Journal of geophysical research. Space physics</title><description>The tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced concentric gravity waves (CGWs) are capable of propagating upward from convective sources in the troposphere to the upper atmosphere and creating concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs). To examine the CGWs propagation, we implement tropical cyclone‐induced CGWs into the lower boundary of global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R) and simulate the influence of CGWs on the ionosphere and thermosphere. GITM‐R is a three‐dimensional non‐hydrostatic general circulation model for the upper atmosphere with the local‐grid refinement module to enhance the resolution at the location of interest. In this study, CGWs induced by the typhoon Meranti in 2016 have been simulated. Information of the TC shape and moving trails is obtained from the TC best‐track dataset, and the gravity wave patterns are specified at the lower boundary of GITM‐R (100 km altitude). The horizontal wavelength and phase velocity of wave perturbation at the lower boundary are specified to be consistent with the TEC observations. The simulation reveals a clear evolution of CTIDs, which shows reasonable agreement with the GPS‐TEC observations. This is the first time the typhoon‐driven TEC perturbation has been simulated in a general circulation model. To further examine the dependence of the CTIDs on the wavelength and frequency of the gravity wave perturbation at the lower boundary, different waveforms have been tested as well. The magnitude of CTIDs has a negative correlation with the period but a positive correlation with the wavelength when the horizontal phase velocities are sufficiently fast against the critical‐level absorption.
Key Points
Tropical cyclone‐induced gravity waves have been simulated using a general circulation model (GCM) for the upper atmosphere
The model has been used is the 3‐D global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R)
The simulation results reveal a clear evolution of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and show a reasonable agreement with observations</description><subject>Atmosphere</subject><subject>Atmospheric circulation</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Cyclones</subject><subject>General circulation models</subject><subject>GITM</subject><subject>gravity wave</subject><subject>Gravity waves</subject><subject>Grid refinement (mathematics)</subject><subject>Ionosphere</subject><subject>Ionospheric disturbances</subject><subject>Ionospheric models</subject><subject>Ionospheric propagation</subject><subject>Perturbation</subject><subject>Phase velocity</subject><subject>simulation</subject><subject>TEC</subject><subject>Thermosphere</subject><subject>Traveling ionospheric disturbances</subject><subject>tropical cyclone</subject><subject>Tropical cyclones</subject><subject>Troposphere</subject><subject>Typhoons</subject><subject>Upper atmosphere</subject><subject>Wave propagation</subject><subject>Waveforms</subject><issn>2169-9380</issn><issn>2169-9402</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kN9KwzAUxoMoOHR3PkDAW6tJ2jSNd2Vo3Zgoc8PLkqZnrKNra9JOeucj-Iw-iRlV8Mpzc_7w4_s4H0IXlFxTwuQNI1TOYsJEKPgRGjEaSk8GhB3_zn5ETtHY2i1xFbkT5SOkl6ZuCq1KPOl1WVfw9fE5rfJOQ44To_ZF2-NXtQf8DKbtTKbaoq4sLircbgCvmgYMjttdbZsNGLjFyXT56CQW-KXYdeVAn6OTtSotjH_6GVrd3y0nD978KZlO4rmn_YBLL2KRygO1DhkICoL5TJAoywK3aglKhpBzpXkIlCipRQgZpzSjuU85zR3kn6HLQbcx9VsHtk23dWcqZ5mygAl-eJk66mqgtKmtNbBOG1PslOlTStJDkunfJB3uD_h7UUL_L5vOkkXMuZDS_wYYRXYZ</recordid><startdate>202007</startdate><enddate>202007</enddate><creator>Zhao, Yuxin</creator><creator>Deng, Yue</creator><creator>Wang, Jing‐Song</creator><creator>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creator><creator>Lin, Cissi Y.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-5672</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-1948</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3166</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-1588</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-6812</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202007</creationdate><title>Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Gravity Wave Perturbations in the Upper Atmosphere: GITM‐R Simulations</title><author>Zhao, Yuxin ; Deng, Yue ; Wang, Jing‐Song ; Zhang, Shun‐Rong ; Lin, Cissi Y.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3459-828ad4af62e71e7232708bb42e7c9ea96ed5ac56e10a9c76eb511b1d3151d2e73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Atmosphere</topic><topic>Atmospheric circulation</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Cyclones</topic><topic>General circulation models</topic><topic>GITM</topic><topic>gravity wave</topic><topic>Gravity waves</topic><topic>Grid refinement (mathematics)</topic><topic>Ionosphere</topic><topic>Ionospheric disturbances</topic><topic>Ionospheric models</topic><topic>Ionospheric propagation</topic><topic>Perturbation</topic><topic>Phase velocity</topic><topic>simulation</topic><topic>TEC</topic><topic>Thermosphere</topic><topic>Traveling ionospheric disturbances</topic><topic>tropical cyclone</topic><topic>Tropical cyclones</topic><topic>Troposphere</topic><topic>Typhoons</topic><topic>Upper atmosphere</topic><topic>Wave propagation</topic><topic>Waveforms</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yuxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Yue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jing‐Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Cissi Y.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Space physics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Yuxin</au><au>Deng, Yue</au><au>Wang, Jing‐Song</au><au>Zhang, Shun‐Rong</au><au>Lin, Cissi Y.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Gravity Wave Perturbations in the Upper Atmosphere: GITM‐R Simulations</atitle><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Space physics</jtitle><date>2020-07</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>125</volume><issue>7</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>2169-9380</issn><eissn>2169-9402</eissn><abstract>The tropical cyclone (TC)‐induced concentric gravity waves (CGWs) are capable of propagating upward from convective sources in the troposphere to the upper atmosphere and creating concentric traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs). To examine the CGWs propagation, we implement tropical cyclone‐induced CGWs into the lower boundary of global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R) and simulate the influence of CGWs on the ionosphere and thermosphere. GITM‐R is a three‐dimensional non‐hydrostatic general circulation model for the upper atmosphere with the local‐grid refinement module to enhance the resolution at the location of interest. In this study, CGWs induced by the typhoon Meranti in 2016 have been simulated. Information of the TC shape and moving trails is obtained from the TC best‐track dataset, and the gravity wave patterns are specified at the lower boundary of GITM‐R (100 km altitude). The horizontal wavelength and phase velocity of wave perturbation at the lower boundary are specified to be consistent with the TEC observations. The simulation reveals a clear evolution of CTIDs, which shows reasonable agreement with the GPS‐TEC observations. This is the first time the typhoon‐driven TEC perturbation has been simulated in a general circulation model. To further examine the dependence of the CTIDs on the wavelength and frequency of the gravity wave perturbation at the lower boundary, different waveforms have been tested as well. The magnitude of CTIDs has a negative correlation with the period but a positive correlation with the wavelength when the horizontal phase velocities are sufficiently fast against the critical‐level absorption.
Key Points
Tropical cyclone‐induced gravity waves have been simulated using a general circulation model (GCM) for the upper atmosphere
The model has been used is the 3‐D global ionosphere‐thermosphere model with local‐grid refinement (GITM‐R)
The simulation results reveal a clear evolution of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) and show a reasonable agreement with observations</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2019JA027675</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-5672</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-1948</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-3166</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-1588</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-6812</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Atmosphere Atmospheric circulation Computer simulation Correlation Cyclones General circulation models GITM gravity wave Gravity waves Grid refinement (mathematics) Ionosphere Ionospheric disturbances Ionospheric models Ionospheric propagation Perturbation Phase velocity simulation TEC Thermosphere Traveling ionospheric disturbances tropical cyclone Tropical cyclones Troposphere Typhoons Upper atmosphere Wave propagation Waveforms |
| title | Tropical Cyclone‐Induced Gravity Wave Perturbations in the Upper Atmosphere: GITM‐R Simulations |
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