Effects of stocking density of Chinese soft‐shelled turtle and interactions between cultivated species on growth performance and the environment in a turtle–rice coculture system
Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of stocking density (6, 8, 10, and 12 turtles/m2) of Chinese soft‐shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) and coculture interactions on growth performance and environment in a turtle–rice coculture system. The average yields of rice grain and rice...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 2020-06, Vol.51 (3), p.788-803 |
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| creator | Zhao, Jing Zou, Yiyi Chen, Hanxiang Xu, Jiehao Liang, Zhenzhen Xu, Haisheng |
| description | Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of stocking density (6, 8, 10, and 12 turtles/m2) of Chinese soft‐shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) and coculture interactions on growth performance and environment in a turtle–rice coculture system. The average yields of rice grain and rice straw in four turtle–rice coculture (TR) groups were significantly higher than those in a rice monoculture with fertilizer (RMF) group and a rice monoculture (RM) group (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jwas.12665 |
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The average yields of rice grain and rice straw in four turtle–rice coculture (TR) groups were significantly higher than those in a rice monoculture with fertilizer (RMF) group and a rice monoculture (RM) group (p < .05). The yield of turtles increased gradually with increasing stocking density until reaching 10 turtles/m2, and the yield of TR10 was 1,297.51 ± 106.31 g/m2. The death rate in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups was significantly lower than that in the turtle monoculture (TM) group (p < .05), whereas the specific growth rate and weight gain in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups were significantly higher than those in the TM group (p < .05). The nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies in the TR groups were significantly higher than those in the TM and RM groups (p < .05). The water environment was improved in the TR group. The results suggest that an appropriate stocking density (10 turtles/m2) of turtles in the coculture system can effectively increase the yield of turtles and reduce the impacts on the environment compared with the TM.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0893-8849</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1749-7345</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jwas.12665</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Density ; Environmental impact ; Fertilizers ; growth performances ; Growth rate ; interactions ; Monoculture ; Monoculture (aquaculture) ; Pelodiscus sinensis ; Phosphorus ; Physical growth ; Reptiles & amphibians ; Rice ; Rice straw ; Stocking ; Stocking density ; Turtles ; turtle–rice coculture</subject><ispartof>Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2020-06, Vol.51 (3), p.788-803</ispartof><rights>Copyright by the World Aquaculture Society 2019</rights><rights>2020 World Aquaculture Society.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3375-471d34ff861c394c59dedf29b147935e7a52a24dff76ccebe4f71d597454131e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3375-471d34ff861c394c59dedf29b147935e7a52a24dff76ccebe4f71d597454131e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3190-3777</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjwas.12665$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjwas.12665$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Yiyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hanxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jiehao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Zhenzhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Haisheng</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of stocking density of Chinese soft‐shelled turtle and interactions between cultivated species on growth performance and the environment in a turtle–rice coculture system</title><title>Journal of the World Aquaculture Society</title><description>Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of stocking density (6, 8, 10, and 12 turtles/m2) of Chinese soft‐shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) and coculture interactions on growth performance and environment in a turtle–rice coculture system. The average yields of rice grain and rice straw in four turtle–rice coculture (TR) groups were significantly higher than those in a rice monoculture with fertilizer (RMF) group and a rice monoculture (RM) group (p < .05). The yield of turtles increased gradually with increasing stocking density until reaching 10 turtles/m2, and the yield of TR10 was 1,297.51 ± 106.31 g/m2. The death rate in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups was significantly lower than that in the turtle monoculture (TM) group (p < .05), whereas the specific growth rate and weight gain in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups were significantly higher than those in the TM group (p < .05). The nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies in the TR groups were significantly higher than those in the TM and RM groups (p < .05). The water environment was improved in the TR group. The results suggest that an appropriate stocking density (10 turtles/m2) of turtles in the coculture system can effectively increase the yield of turtles and reduce the impacts on the environment compared with the TM.</description><subject>Density</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>growth performances</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>interactions</subject><subject>Monoculture</subject><subject>Monoculture (aquaculture)</subject><subject>Pelodiscus sinensis</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Physical growth</subject><subject>Reptiles & amphibians</subject><subject>Rice</subject><subject>Rice straw</subject><subject>Stocking</subject><subject>Stocking density</subject><subject>Turtles</subject><subject>turtle–rice coculture</subject><issn>0893-8849</issn><issn>1749-7345</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1KxDAUhYMoOP5sfIKAO6HaNEnTLmXwF8GFisuSSW-cjJ1kTNIZZucjCL6LD-STmLGuvZsLl--cc-EgdETyU5LmbLaS4ZQUZcm30IgIVmeCMr6NRnlV06yqWL2L9kKY5XnBOS9H6OtCa1AxYKdxiE69GvuCW7DBxPXmNp4aCwFwcDp-v3-EKXQdtDj2PnaApW2xsRG8VNE4G_AE4grAYtV30SxlTGhYgDKQAix-8W4Vp3gBXjs_l1YNDnEKGOzSeGfnYGNyxPIv4fv905uEKbdx7H16ZB0izA_QjpZdgMO_vY-eLi8ex9fZ3f3Vzfj8LlOUCp4xQVrKtK5KomjNFK9baHVRTwgTNeUgJC9kwVqtRakUTIDppOC1YJwRSoDuo-PBd-HdWw8hNjPXe5sim4KRUiSoqBJ1MlDKuxA86GbhzVz6dUPyZtNLs-ml-e0lwWSAV6aD9T9kc_t8_jBofgB2AJe2</recordid><startdate>202006</startdate><enddate>202006</enddate><creator>Zhao, Jing</creator><creator>Zou, Yiyi</creator><creator>Chen, Hanxiang</creator><creator>Xu, Jiehao</creator><creator>Liang, Zhenzhen</creator><creator>Xu, Haisheng</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H98</scope><scope>H99</scope><scope>L.F</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3190-3777</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202006</creationdate><title>Effects of stocking density of Chinese soft‐shelled turtle and interactions between cultivated species on growth performance and the environment in a turtle–rice coculture system</title><author>Zhao, Jing ; Zou, Yiyi ; Chen, Hanxiang ; Xu, Jiehao ; Liang, Zhenzhen ; Xu, Haisheng</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3375-471d34ff861c394c59dedf29b147935e7a52a24dff76ccebe4f71d597454131e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Density</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>growth performances</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>interactions</topic><topic>Monoculture</topic><topic>Monoculture (aquaculture)</topic><topic>Pelodiscus sinensis</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Physical growth</topic><topic>Reptiles & amphibians</topic><topic>Rice</topic><topic>Rice straw</topic><topic>Stocking</topic><topic>Stocking density</topic><topic>Turtles</topic><topic>turtle–rice coculture</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Yiyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Hanxiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Jiehao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Zhenzhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Haisheng</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Aquaculture Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Marine Biotechnology Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of the World Aquaculture Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Jing</au><au>Zou, Yiyi</au><au>Chen, Hanxiang</au><au>Xu, Jiehao</au><au>Liang, Zhenzhen</au><au>Xu, Haisheng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of stocking density of Chinese soft‐shelled turtle and interactions between cultivated species on growth performance and the environment in a turtle–rice coculture system</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the World Aquaculture Society</jtitle><date>2020-06</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>788</spage><epage>803</epage><pages>788-803</pages><issn>0893-8849</issn><eissn>1749-7345</eissn><abstract>Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of stocking density (6, 8, 10, and 12 turtles/m2) of Chinese soft‐shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) and coculture interactions on growth performance and environment in a turtle–rice coculture system. The average yields of rice grain and rice straw in four turtle–rice coculture (TR) groups were significantly higher than those in a rice monoculture with fertilizer (RMF) group and a rice monoculture (RM) group (p < .05). The yield of turtles increased gradually with increasing stocking density until reaching 10 turtles/m2, and the yield of TR10 was 1,297.51 ± 106.31 g/m2. The death rate in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups was significantly lower than that in the turtle monoculture (TM) group (p < .05), whereas the specific growth rate and weight gain in TR6, TR8, and TR10 groups were significantly higher than those in the TM group (p < .05). The nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiencies in the TR groups were significantly higher than those in the TM and RM groups (p < .05). The water environment was improved in the TR group. 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| subjects | Density Environmental impact Fertilizers growth performances Growth rate interactions Monoculture Monoculture (aquaculture) Pelodiscus sinensis Phosphorus Physical growth Reptiles & amphibians Rice Rice straw Stocking Stocking density Turtles turtle–rice coculture |
| title | Effects of stocking density of Chinese soft‐shelled turtle and interactions between cultivated species on growth performance and the environment in a turtle–rice coculture system |
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