Three-Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii: Application to Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection
This study aimed to determine the three-dimensional (3D) territory and depth of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) using a 3D structured-light scanner. Thirty-two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2020-07, Vol.33 (5), p.795-803 |
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description | This study aimed to determine the three-dimensional (3D) territory and depth of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) using a 3D structured-light scanner. Thirty-two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3D analysis of the CSM territory and depth was performed using a structured-light 3D scanner. The most frequently observed locations of the CSM identified in the cadaver were confirmed in healthy young subjects using a real-time two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography system. The CSM was present in all of the cadavers and healthy young subjects at the intersection point between the vertical line passing through the medial canthus and the horizontal line passing through the glabella (Point #6). The CSM was located on the medial side of the lateral limbus in most cases. The most-medial and most-lateral origin points were at depths of 5.7 ± 1.4 mm (mean ± SD) and 6.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; the corresponding depths of the insertion points were 5.4 ± 1.4 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The origin and insertion points of the CSM were at similar depths. The injection depth should be around 4 mm for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the CSM. Point #6 could be regarded as an effective target point for managing the glabellar frown line and preventing palpebral ptosis when injecting BoNT into the CSM. Clin. Anat., 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
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Thirty-two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3D analysis of the CSM territory and depth was performed using a structured-light 3D scanner. The most frequently observed locations of the CSM identified in the cadaver were confirmed in healthy young subjects using a real-time two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography system. The CSM was present in all of the cadavers and healthy young subjects at the intersection point between the vertical line passing through the medial canthus and the horizontal line passing through the glabella (Point #6). The CSM was located on the medial side of the lateral limbus in most cases. The most-medial and most-lateral origin points were at depths of 5.7 ± 1.4 mm (mean ± SD) and 6.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; the corresponding depths of the insertion points were 5.4 ± 1.4 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The origin and insertion points of the CSM were at similar depths. The injection depth should be around 4 mm for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the CSM. Point #6 could be regarded as an effective target point for managing the glabellar frown line and preventing palpebral ptosis when injecting BoNT into the CSM. Clin. Anat., 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0897-3806</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-2353</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ca.23507</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31637771</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Botulinum toxin ; Cadavers ; Insertion ; Muscles ; Territory ; Toxins</subject><ispartof>Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.), 2020-07, Vol.33 (5), p.795-803</ispartof><rights>2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><rights>2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c272t-6c7f35a26387470666d628f9076dfce1a8f62bc9e2f68f2b84425f07a3b6c1023</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3082-935X ; 0000-0002-1139-6261</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31637771$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hyung-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Kang-Woo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tansatit, Tanvaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hee-Jin</creatorcontrib><title>Three-Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii: Application to Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection</title><title>Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Clin Anat</addtitle><description>This study aimed to determine the three-dimensional (3D) territory and depth of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) using a 3D structured-light scanner. Thirty-two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3D analysis of the CSM territory and depth was performed using a structured-light 3D scanner. The most frequently observed locations of the CSM identified in the cadaver were confirmed in healthy young subjects using a real-time two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography system. The CSM was present in all of the cadavers and healthy young subjects at the intersection point between the vertical line passing through the medial canthus and the horizontal line passing through the glabella (Point #6). The CSM was located on the medial side of the lateral limbus in most cases. The most-medial and most-lateral origin points were at depths of 5.7 ± 1.4 mm (mean ± SD) and 6.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; the corresponding depths of the insertion points were 5.4 ± 1.4 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The origin and insertion points of the CSM were at similar depths. The injection depth should be around 4 mm for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the CSM. Point #6 could be regarded as an effective target point for managing the glabellar frown line and preventing palpebral ptosis when injecting BoNT into the CSM. Clin. Anat., 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</description><subject>Botulinum toxin</subject><subject>Cadavers</subject><subject>Insertion</subject><subject>Muscles</subject><subject>Territory</subject><subject>Toxins</subject><issn>0897-3806</issn><issn>1098-2353</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo9kF1LwzAUhoMobk7BXyABb7zpzEebpN7NzY_B0AvndUnTxGV0TZek4P69nZteHQ7neV84DwDXGI0xQuReyTGhGeInYIhRLpJ-oadgiETOEyoQG4CLENYIYZxycQ4GFDPKOcdDsF2uvNbJzG50E6xrZA2X2nsbnd9B2VRwptu4gs7AuNJw6rzvvmR_hB9dq72ytbUPcNK2tVUy9nkYHXx0satt023gm-68i-7bNnDerLXaE5fgzMg66KvjHIHP56fl9DVZvL_Mp5NFoggnMWGKG5pJwqjgKUeMsYoRYXLEWWWUxlIYRkqVa2KYMKQUaUoyg7ikJVMYEToCt4fe1rttp0Ms1q7z_YOhIClOac4Jy3rq7kAp70Lw2hSttxvpdwVGxd5toWTx67ZHb46FXbnR1T_4J5P-AI4ddLE</recordid><startdate>20200701</startdate><enddate>20200701</enddate><creator>Lee, Hyung-Jin</creator><creator>Lee, Kang-Woo</creator><creator>Tansatit, Tanvaa</creator><creator>Kim, Hee-Jin</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-935X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-6261</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200701</creationdate><title>Three-Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii: Application to Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection</title><author>Lee, Hyung-Jin ; Lee, Kang-Woo ; Tansatit, Tanvaa ; Kim, Hee-Jin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c272t-6c7f35a26387470666d628f9076dfce1a8f62bc9e2f68f2b84425f07a3b6c1023</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Botulinum toxin</topic><topic>Cadavers</topic><topic>Insertion</topic><topic>Muscles</topic><topic>Territory</topic><topic>Toxins</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hyung-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Kang-Woo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tansatit, Tanvaa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hee-Jin</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><jtitle>Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Hyung-Jin</au><au>Lee, Kang-Woo</au><au>Tansatit, Tanvaa</au><au>Kim, Hee-Jin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Three-Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii: Application to Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection</atitle><jtitle>Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Anat</addtitle><date>2020-07-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>795</spage><epage>803</epage><pages>795-803</pages><issn>0897-3806</issn><eissn>1098-2353</eissn><abstract>This study aimed to determine the three-dimensional (3D) territory and depth of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) using a 3D structured-light scanner. Thirty-two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3D analysis of the CSM territory and depth was performed using a structured-light 3D scanner. The most frequently observed locations of the CSM identified in the cadaver were confirmed in healthy young subjects using a real-time two-dimensional B-mode ultrasonography system. The CSM was present in all of the cadavers and healthy young subjects at the intersection point between the vertical line passing through the medial canthus and the horizontal line passing through the glabella (Point #6). The CSM was located on the medial side of the lateral limbus in most cases. The most-medial and most-lateral origin points were at depths of 5.7 ± 1.4 mm (mean ± SD) and 6.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; the corresponding depths of the insertion points were 5.4 ± 1.4 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The origin and insertion points of the CSM were at similar depths. The injection depth should be around 4 mm for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the CSM. Point #6 could be regarded as an effective target point for managing the glabellar frown line and preventing palpebral ptosis when injecting BoNT into the CSM. Clin. Anat., 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>31637771</pmid><doi>10.1002/ca.23507</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3082-935X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-6261</orcidid></addata></record> |
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title | Three-Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii: Application to Botulinum Neurotoxin Injection |
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