Modification of beech veneers with lignin phenol formaldehyde resins in the production of laminated veneer lumber (LVL)
Rotary cut beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) veneers were treated with four different lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) solutions using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. Four of these veneers were bonded with PF adhesive to produce four-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL). To synthesize the LPF solut...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of wood and wood products 2018-05, Vol.76 (3), p.843-851 |
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| creator | Fleckenstein, Marco Biziks, Vladimirs Mai, Carsten Militz, Holger |
| description | Rotary cut beech (
Fagus sylvatica
L.) veneers were treated with four different lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) solutions using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. Four of these veneers were bonded with PF adhesive to produce four-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL). To synthesize the LPF solutions, a commercial phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) was individually mixed with three different technical lignins (Indulin AT, BioChoice lignin, organosolv lignin) and lignin cleavage products (LCP) at a ratio of 3:2 (60%:40%). Differential scanning calorimetry showed an increased curing temperature for the LPF resins in comparison to the PF resin. The mechanical and water-related properties of the LPF-modified LVL were shown to be similar or slightly improved compared to PF-modified LVL. Fungal degradation experiments with white-rot fungus (
Trametes versicolor
) and brown-rot fungus (
Coniophora puteana
) exhibited no significant differences in the mass loss of the LPF-modified and PF-modified samples except in one case: LVL made from veneers treated with Indulin AT exposed to the white-rot fungus. The resistance to weathering of LVL samples made from veneers treated with technical lignins was low; however, specimens treated with LCP and the reference PF resin displayed a higher resistance to weathering. It is concluded that technical lignins or LCP can, to a certain extent, be used as a substitute for crude-oil based PF resin. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00107-017-1275-7 |
| format | Article |
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Fagus sylvatica
L.) veneers were treated with four different lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) solutions using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. Four of these veneers were bonded with PF adhesive to produce four-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL). To synthesize the LPF solutions, a commercial phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) was individually mixed with three different technical lignins (Indulin AT, BioChoice lignin, organosolv lignin) and lignin cleavage products (LCP) at a ratio of 3:2 (60%:40%). Differential scanning calorimetry showed an increased curing temperature for the LPF resins in comparison to the PF resin. The mechanical and water-related properties of the LPF-modified LVL were shown to be similar or slightly improved compared to PF-modified LVL. Fungal degradation experiments with white-rot fungus (
Trametes versicolor
) and brown-rot fungus (
Coniophora puteana
) exhibited no significant differences in the mass loss of the LPF-modified and PF-modified samples except in one case: LVL made from veneers treated with Indulin AT exposed to the white-rot fungus. The resistance to weathering of LVL samples made from veneers treated with technical lignins was low; however, specimens treated with LCP and the reference PF resin displayed a higher resistance to weathering. It is concluded that technical lignins or LCP can, to a certain extent, be used as a substitute for crude-oil based PF resin.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-3768</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-736X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00107-017-1275-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aldehydes ; Beech ; Biodegradation ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Calorimetry ; Ceramics ; Composites ; Crude oil ; Differential scanning calorimetry ; Dimethyl sulfoxide ; Formaldehyde ; Fungi ; Glass ; Life Sciences ; Lignin ; Lumber ; Machines ; Manufacturing ; Natural Materials ; Original ; Phenol formaldehyde resins ; Phenols ; Polymers ; Processes ; Resins ; Rot ; Veneers ; Weathering ; Wood Science & Technology</subject><ispartof>European journal of wood and wood products, 2018-05, Vol.76 (3), p.843-851</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2017</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2017.</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-d919bca7e5dfd9af842102399d606c34711e05444816911fe83219ecbb519a7a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-d919bca7e5dfd9af842102399d606c34711e05444816911fe83219ecbb519a7a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-017-1275-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00107-017-1275-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fleckenstein, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biziks, Vladimirs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mai, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Militz, Holger</creatorcontrib><title>Modification of beech veneers with lignin phenol formaldehyde resins in the production of laminated veneer lumber (LVL)</title><title>European journal of wood and wood products</title><addtitle>Eur. J. Wood Prod</addtitle><description>Rotary cut beech (
Fagus sylvatica
L.) veneers were treated with four different lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) solutions using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. Four of these veneers were bonded with PF adhesive to produce four-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL). To synthesize the LPF solutions, a commercial phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) was individually mixed with three different technical lignins (Indulin AT, BioChoice lignin, organosolv lignin) and lignin cleavage products (LCP) at a ratio of 3:2 (60%:40%). Differential scanning calorimetry showed an increased curing temperature for the LPF resins in comparison to the PF resin. The mechanical and water-related properties of the LPF-modified LVL were shown to be similar or slightly improved compared to PF-modified LVL. Fungal degradation experiments with white-rot fungus (
Trametes versicolor
) and brown-rot fungus (
Coniophora puteana
) exhibited no significant differences in the mass loss of the LPF-modified and PF-modified samples except in one case: LVL made from veneers treated with Indulin AT exposed to the white-rot fungus. The resistance to weathering of LVL samples made from veneers treated with technical lignins was low; however, specimens treated with LCP and the reference PF resin displayed a higher resistance to weathering. It is concluded that technical lignins or LCP can, to a certain extent, be used as a substitute for crude-oil based PF resin.</description><subject>Aldehydes</subject><subject>Beech</subject><subject>Biodegradation</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Calorimetry</subject><subject>Ceramics</subject><subject>Composites</subject><subject>Crude oil</subject><subject>Differential scanning calorimetry</subject><subject>Dimethyl sulfoxide</subject><subject>Formaldehyde</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Glass</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Lumber</subject><subject>Machines</subject><subject>Manufacturing</subject><subject>Natural Materials</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Phenol formaldehyde resins</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Processes</subject><subject>Resins</subject><subject>Rot</subject><subject>Veneers</subject><subject>Weathering</subject><subject>Wood Science & Technology</subject><issn>0018-3768</issn><issn>1436-736X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kD9PwzAQxS0EElXpB2CzxAJDwBe7djyiin9SEQsgNsuJL8QodYqdgvrtMSqIiVvecO-9O_0IOQZ2Doypi8QYMFUwUAWUal6oPTIBwWWhuHzZJ5O8rgquZHVIZim9sTwcRMn5hHzeD863vrGjHwIdWlojNh39wIAYE_30Y0d7_xp8oOsOw9DTdogr2zvstg5pxORDonk7dkjXcXCb5reptysf7Ijup432m1Wd5XT5vDw7Iget7RPOfnRKnq6vHhe3xfLh5m5xuSwaDnIsnAZdN1bh3LVO27YSJbCSa-0kkw0XCgDZXAhRgdQALVa8BI1NXc9BW2X5lJzsevNv7xtMo3kbNjHkk6YUwKTQEsrsgp2riUNKEVuzjn5l49YAM9-IzQ6xyYjNN2KjcqbcZVL2hleMf83_h74AF7F-pQ</recordid><startdate>20180501</startdate><enddate>20180501</enddate><creator>Fleckenstein, Marco</creator><creator>Biziks, Vladimirs</creator><creator>Mai, Carsten</creator><creator>Militz, Holger</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180501</creationdate><title>Modification of beech veneers with lignin phenol formaldehyde resins in the production of laminated veneer lumber (LVL)</title><author>Fleckenstein, Marco ; Biziks, Vladimirs ; Mai, Carsten ; Militz, Holger</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-d919bca7e5dfd9af842102399d606c34711e05444816911fe83219ecbb519a7a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Aldehydes</topic><topic>Beech</topic><topic>Biodegradation</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Calorimetry</topic><topic>Ceramics</topic><topic>Composites</topic><topic>Crude oil</topic><topic>Differential scanning calorimetry</topic><topic>Dimethyl sulfoxide</topic><topic>Formaldehyde</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Glass</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Lignin</topic><topic>Lumber</topic><topic>Machines</topic><topic>Manufacturing</topic><topic>Natural Materials</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Phenol formaldehyde resins</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Processes</topic><topic>Resins</topic><topic>Rot</topic><topic>Veneers</topic><topic>Weathering</topic><topic>Wood Science & Technology</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fleckenstein, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biziks, Vladimirs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mai, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Militz, Holger</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><jtitle>European journal of wood and wood products</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fleckenstein, Marco</au><au>Biziks, Vladimirs</au><au>Mai, Carsten</au><au>Militz, Holger</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Modification of beech veneers with lignin phenol formaldehyde resins in the production of laminated veneer lumber (LVL)</atitle><jtitle>European journal of wood and wood products</jtitle><stitle>Eur. J. Wood Prod</stitle><date>2018-05-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>76</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>843</spage><epage>851</epage><pages>843-851</pages><issn>0018-3768</issn><eissn>1436-736X</eissn><abstract>Rotary cut beech (
Fagus sylvatica
L.) veneers were treated with four different lignin phenol formaldehyde (LPF) solutions using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. Four of these veneers were bonded with PF adhesive to produce four-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL). To synthesize the LPF solutions, a commercial phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) was individually mixed with three different technical lignins (Indulin AT, BioChoice lignin, organosolv lignin) and lignin cleavage products (LCP) at a ratio of 3:2 (60%:40%). Differential scanning calorimetry showed an increased curing temperature for the LPF resins in comparison to the PF resin. The mechanical and water-related properties of the LPF-modified LVL were shown to be similar or slightly improved compared to PF-modified LVL. Fungal degradation experiments with white-rot fungus (
Trametes versicolor
) and brown-rot fungus (
Coniophora puteana
) exhibited no significant differences in the mass loss of the LPF-modified and PF-modified samples except in one case: LVL made from veneers treated with Indulin AT exposed to the white-rot fungus. The resistance to weathering of LVL samples made from veneers treated with technical lignins was low; however, specimens treated with LCP and the reference PF resin displayed a higher resistance to weathering. It is concluded that technical lignins or LCP can, to a certain extent, be used as a substitute for crude-oil based PF resin.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00107-017-1275-7</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aldehydes Beech Biodegradation Biomedical and Life Sciences Calorimetry Ceramics Composites Crude oil Differential scanning calorimetry Dimethyl sulfoxide Formaldehyde Fungi Glass Life Sciences Lignin Lumber Machines Manufacturing Natural Materials Original Phenol formaldehyde resins Phenols Polymers Processes Resins Rot Veneers Weathering Wood Science & Technology |
| title | Modification of beech veneers with lignin phenol formaldehyde resins in the production of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) |
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