Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions

The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in operation including the Van Allen Probes, Arase, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions durin...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of geophysical research. Space physics 2020-05, Vol.125 (5), p.n/a
Hauptverfasser: Ripoll, J.‐F., Claudepierre, S. G., Ukhorskiy, A. Y., Colpitts, C., Li, X., Fennell, J. F., Crabtree, C.
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container_issue 5
container_start_page
container_title Journal of geophysical research. Space physics
container_volume 125
creator Ripoll, J.‐F.
Claudepierre, S. G.
Ukhorskiy, A. Y.
Colpitts, C.
Li, X.
Fennell, J. F.
Crabtree, C.
description The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in operation including the Van Allen Probes, Arase, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, Cluster, GPS, GOES, and Los Alamos National Laboratory‐GEO magnetospheric missions. They were supported by conjugate low‐altitude measurements on spacecraft, balloons, and ground‐based arrays. Together, these significantly improved our ability to determine and quantify the mechanisms that control the buildup and subsequent variability of energetic particle intensities in the inner magnetosphere. The high‐quality data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Van Allen Probes are the most comprehensive in situ measurements ever taken in the near‐Earth space radiation environment. These observations, coupled with recent advances in radiation belt theory and modeling, including dramatic increases in computational power, have ushered in a new era, perhaps a “golden era,” in radiation belt research. We have edited a Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Science Special Collection dedicated to Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts in which we gather the most recent scientific findings and understanding of this important region of geospace. This collection includes the results presented at the American Geophysical Union Chapman International Conference in Cascais, Portugal (March 2018) and many other recent and relevant contributions. The present article introduces and review the context, current research, and main questions that motivate modern radiation belt research divided into the following topics: (1) particle acceleration and transport, (2) particle loss, (3) the role of nonlinear processes, (4) new radiation belt modeling capabilities and the quantification of model uncertainties, and (5) laboratory plasma experiments. Key Points We review and discuss current research and open questions relative to Earth's radiation belts Aspects of modern radiation belt research concern particle acceleration and transport, particle loss, and the role of nonlinear processes We also discuss new radiation belt modeling capabilities, the quantification of model uncertainties, and laboratory plasma experiments
doi_str_mv 10.1029/2019JA026735
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G. ; Ukhorskiy, A. Y. ; Colpitts, C. ; Li, X. ; Fennell, J. F. ; Crabtree, C.</creator><creatorcontrib>Ripoll, J.‐F. ; Claudepierre, S. G. ; Ukhorskiy, A. Y. ; Colpitts, C. ; Li, X. ; Fennell, J. F. ; Crabtree, C.</creatorcontrib><description>The past decade transformed our observational understanding of energetic particle processes in near‐Earth space. An unprecedented suite of observational systems was in operation including the Van Allen Probes, Arase, Magnetospheric Multiscale, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, Cluster, GPS, GOES, and Los Alamos National Laboratory‐GEO magnetospheric missions. They were supported by conjugate low‐altitude measurements on spacecraft, balloons, and ground‐based arrays. Together, these significantly improved our ability to determine and quantify the mechanisms that control the buildup and subsequent variability of energetic particle intensities in the inner magnetosphere. The high‐quality data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Van Allen Probes are the most comprehensive in situ measurements ever taken in the near‐Earth space radiation environment. These observations, coupled with recent advances in radiation belt theory and modeling, including dramatic increases in computational power, have ushered in a new era, perhaps a “golden era,” in radiation belt research. We have edited a Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Science Special Collection dedicated to Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts in which we gather the most recent scientific findings and understanding of this important region of geospace. This collection includes the results presented at the American Geophysical Union Chapman International Conference in Cascais, Portugal (March 2018) and many other recent and relevant contributions. The present article introduces and review the context, current research, and main questions that motivate modern radiation belt research divided into the following topics: (1) particle acceleration and transport, (2) particle loss, (3) the role of nonlinear processes, (4) new radiation belt modeling capabilities and the quantification of model uncertainties, and (5) laboratory plasma experiments. 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Together, these significantly improved our ability to determine and quantify the mechanisms that control the buildup and subsequent variability of energetic particle intensities in the inner magnetosphere. The high‐quality data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Van Allen Probes are the most comprehensive in situ measurements ever taken in the near‐Earth space radiation environment. These observations, coupled with recent advances in radiation belt theory and modeling, including dramatic increases in computational power, have ushered in a new era, perhaps a “golden era,” in radiation belt research. We have edited a Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Science Special Collection dedicated to Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts in which we gather the most recent scientific findings and understanding of this important region of geospace. This collection includes the results presented at the American Geophysical Union Chapman International Conference in Cascais, Portugal (March 2018) and many other recent and relevant contributions. The present article introduces and review the context, current research, and main questions that motivate modern radiation belt research divided into the following topics: (1) particle acceleration and transport, (2) particle loss, (3) the role of nonlinear processes, (4) new radiation belt modeling capabilities and the quantification of model uncertainties, and (5) laboratory plasma experiments. 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subjects Aeronautics
Belt conveyors
Collection
Earth
Energetic particles
Extraterrestrial radiation
Geophysics
In situ measurement
Laboratories
laboratory plasma experiments
Low altitude
Magnetospheres
Particle acceleration
Particle dynamics
particle loss
Probes
Questions
Radiation
Radiation belts
Space science
Spacecraft
Van Allen Probes
title Particle Dynamics in the Earth's Radiation Belts: Review of Current Research and Open Questions
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