Time-resolved black carbon aerosol vertical distribution measurements using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen
Black carbon (BC) is an essential climate forcer in the atmosphere. Large uncertainties remain in BC’s radiative forcing estimation by models, partially due to the limited measurements of BC vertical distributions near the surface layer. We conducted time-resolved vertical profiling of BC using a 35...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Theoretical and applied climatology 2020-05, Vol.140 (3-4), p.1263-1276 |
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| creator | Sun, Tianlin Wu, Cheng Wu, Dui Liu, Ben Sun, Jia Yin Mao, Xia Yang, Honglong Deng, Tao Song, Lang Li, Mei Li, Yong Jie Zhou, Zhen |
| description | Black carbon (BC) is an essential climate forcer in the atmosphere. Large uncertainties remain in BC’s radiative forcing estimation by models, partially due to the limited measurements of BC vertical distributions near the surface layer. We conducted time-resolved vertical profiling of BC using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen, China. Five micro-aethalometers were deployed at different heights (2, 50, 100, 200, and 350 m) to explore the temporal dynamics of BC vertical profile in the highly urbanized areas. During the observation period (December 6–15, 2017), the average equivalent BC (eBC) concentrations were 6.6 ± 3.6, 5.4 ± 3.3, 5.9 ± 2.8, 5.2 ± 1.8, and 4.9 ± 1.4 μg m
−3
, from 2 to 350 m, respectively. eBC temporal variations at different heights were well correlated. eBC concentrations generally decreased with height. At all five heights, eBC diurnal variations exhibited a bimodal pattern, with peaks appearing at 09:00–10:00 and 19:00–21:00. The magnitudes of these diurnal peaks decreased with height, and the decrease was more pronounced for the evening peak. eBC episodes were largely initiated by low wind speeds, implying that wind speed played a key role in the observed eBC concentrations. eBC wind-rose analysis suggested that elevated eBC events at different heights originate from different directions, which suggested contributions from local primary emission plumes. Air masses from central China exhibited much higher eBC levels than the other three backward trajectory clusters found herein. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE
375–880
) showed clear diurnal variations at 350 m and increased slightly with height. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00704-020-03168-6 |
| format | Article |
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−3
, from 2 to 350 m, respectively. eBC temporal variations at different heights were well correlated. eBC concentrations generally decreased with height. At all five heights, eBC diurnal variations exhibited a bimodal pattern, with peaks appearing at 09:00–10:00 and 19:00–21:00. The magnitudes of these diurnal peaks decreased with height, and the decrease was more pronounced for the evening peak. eBC episodes were largely initiated by low wind speeds, implying that wind speed played a key role in the observed eBC concentrations. eBC wind-rose analysis suggested that elevated eBC events at different heights originate from different directions, which suggested contributions from local primary emission plumes. Air masses from central China exhibited much higher eBC levels than the other three backward trajectory clusters found herein. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE
375–880
) showed clear diurnal variations at 350 m and increased slightly with height.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0177-798X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1434-4483</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00704-020-03168-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Vienna: Springer Vienna</publisher><subject>Aerosol vertical distribution ; Air masses ; Air pollution ; Aircraft ; Analysis ; Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric aerosols ; Atmospheric models ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Atmospheric Sciences ; Black carbon ; Black carbon aerosols ; Carbon ; Climate change ; Climate science ; Climatology ; Diurnal variations ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Geochemistry ; Height ; Low wind speeds ; Measurement ; Original Paper ; Plumes ; Radiative forcing ; Surface boundary layer ; Surface layers ; Temporal variations ; Towers ; Unmanned aerial vehicles ; Vertical distribution ; Vertical profiles ; Vertical profiling ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Weather ; Wind ; Wind speed</subject><ispartof>Theoretical and applied climatology, 2020-05, Vol.140 (3-4), p.1263-1276</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Springer</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-a983b85be9904ea2d15dd9846efb46669bb3da3020aa8e50b595b8e13e7441df3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-a983b85be9904ea2d15dd9846efb46669bb3da3020aa8e50b595b8e13e7441df3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3483-5324 ; 0000-0003-1288-968X ; 0000-0002-7631-9136 ; 0000-0002-3369-8973 ; 0000-0002-1616-3918</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00704-020-03168-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00704-020-03168-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Tianlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Dui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Ben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Jia Yin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mao, Xia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Honglong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deng, Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Lang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Mei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Yong Jie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Zhen</creatorcontrib><title>Time-resolved black carbon aerosol vertical distribution measurements using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen</title><title>Theoretical and applied climatology</title><addtitle>Theor Appl Climatol</addtitle><description>Black carbon (BC) is an essential climate forcer in the atmosphere. Large uncertainties remain in BC’s radiative forcing estimation by models, partially due to the limited measurements of BC vertical distributions near the surface layer. We conducted time-resolved vertical profiling of BC using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen, China. Five micro-aethalometers were deployed at different heights (2, 50, 100, 200, and 350 m) to explore the temporal dynamics of BC vertical profile in the highly urbanized areas. During the observation period (December 6–15, 2017), the average equivalent BC (eBC) concentrations were 6.6 ± 3.6, 5.4 ± 3.3, 5.9 ± 2.8, 5.2 ± 1.8, and 4.9 ± 1.4 μg m
−3
, from 2 to 350 m, respectively. eBC temporal variations at different heights were well correlated. eBC concentrations generally decreased with height. At all five heights, eBC diurnal variations exhibited a bimodal pattern, with peaks appearing at 09:00–10:00 and 19:00–21:00. The magnitudes of these diurnal peaks decreased with height, and the decrease was more pronounced for the evening peak. eBC episodes were largely initiated by low wind speeds, implying that wind speed played a key role in the observed eBC concentrations. eBC wind-rose analysis suggested that elevated eBC events at different heights originate from different directions, which suggested contributions from local primary emission plumes. Air masses from central China exhibited much higher eBC levels than the other three backward trajectory clusters found herein. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE
375–880
) showed clear diurnal variations at 350 m and increased slightly with height.</description><subject>Aerosol vertical distribution</subject><subject>Air masses</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Aircraft</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric aerosols</subject><subject>Atmospheric models</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Sciences</subject><subject>Black carbon</subject><subject>Black carbon aerosols</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Climate science</subject><subject>Climatology</subject><subject>Diurnal variations</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Height</subject><subject>Low wind speeds</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Plumes</subject><subject>Radiative forcing</subject><subject>Surface boundary layer</subject><subject>Surface layers</subject><subject>Temporal variations</subject><subject>Towers</subject><subject>Unmanned aerial vehicles</subject><subject>Vertical distribution</subject><subject>Vertical profiles</subject><subject>Vertical profiling</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Weather</subject><subject>Wind</subject><subject>Wind 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black carbon aerosol vertical distribution measurements using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen</title><author>Sun, Tianlin ; Wu, Cheng ; Wu, Dui ; Liu, Ben ; Sun, Jia Yin ; Mao, Xia ; Yang, Honglong ; Deng, Tao ; Song, Lang ; Li, Mei ; Li, Yong Jie ; Zhou, Zhen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c502t-a983b85be9904ea2d15dd9846efb46669bb3da3020aa8e50b595b8e13e7441df3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aerosol vertical distribution</topic><topic>Air masses</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Aircraft</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric aerosols</topic><topic>Atmospheric models</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Sciences</topic><topic>Black carbon</topic><topic>Black carbon aerosols</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Climate 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Basic</collection><jtitle>Theoretical and applied climatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Tianlin</au><au>Wu, Cheng</au><au>Wu, Dui</au><au>Liu, Ben</au><au>Sun, Jia Yin</au><au>Mao, Xia</au><au>Yang, Honglong</au><au>Deng, Tao</au><au>Song, Lang</au><au>Li, Mei</au><au>Li, Yong Jie</au><au>Zhou, Zhen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Time-resolved black carbon aerosol vertical distribution measurements using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen</atitle><jtitle>Theoretical and applied climatology</jtitle><stitle>Theor Appl Climatol</stitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>140</volume><issue>3-4</issue><spage>1263</spage><epage>1276</epage><pages>1263-1276</pages><issn>0177-798X</issn><eissn>1434-4483</eissn><abstract>Black carbon (BC) is an essential climate forcer in the atmosphere. Large uncertainties remain in BC’s radiative forcing estimation by models, partially due to the limited measurements of BC vertical distributions near the surface layer. We conducted time-resolved vertical profiling of BC using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen, China. Five micro-aethalometers were deployed at different heights (2, 50, 100, 200, and 350 m) to explore the temporal dynamics of BC vertical profile in the highly urbanized areas. During the observation period (December 6–15, 2017), the average equivalent BC (eBC) concentrations were 6.6 ± 3.6, 5.4 ± 3.3, 5.9 ± 2.8, 5.2 ± 1.8, and 4.9 ± 1.4 μg m
−3
, from 2 to 350 m, respectively. eBC temporal variations at different heights were well correlated. eBC concentrations generally decreased with height. At all five heights, eBC diurnal variations exhibited a bimodal pattern, with peaks appearing at 09:00–10:00 and 19:00–21:00. The magnitudes of these diurnal peaks decreased with height, and the decrease was more pronounced for the evening peak. eBC episodes were largely initiated by low wind speeds, implying that wind speed played a key role in the observed eBC concentrations. eBC wind-rose analysis suggested that elevated eBC events at different heights originate from different directions, which suggested contributions from local primary emission plumes. Air masses from central China exhibited much higher eBC levels than the other three backward trajectory clusters found herein. The absorption Ångström exponent (AAE
375–880
) showed clear diurnal variations at 350 m and increased slightly with height.</abstract><cop>Vienna</cop><pub>Springer Vienna</pub><doi>10.1007/s00704-020-03168-6</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3483-5324</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-968X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-9136</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3369-8973</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1616-3918</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Theoretical and applied climatology, 2020-05, Vol.140 (3-4), p.1263-1276 |
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| subjects | Aerosol vertical distribution Air masses Air pollution Aircraft Analysis Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric aerosols Atmospheric models Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Atmospheric Sciences Black carbon Black carbon aerosols Carbon Climate change Climate science Climatology Diurnal variations Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Geochemistry Height Low wind speeds Measurement Original Paper Plumes Radiative forcing Surface boundary layer Surface layers Temporal variations Towers Unmanned aerial vehicles Vertical distribution Vertical profiles Vertical profiling Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Weather Wind Wind speed |
| title | Time-resolved black carbon aerosol vertical distribution measurements using a 356-m meteorological tower in Shenzhen |
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