Assessing Dual-Polarization Radar Estimates of Extreme Rainfall During Hurricane Harvey
Hurricane Harvey hit the Texas Gulf Coast as a major hurricane on August 25, 2017 before exiting the state as a tropical storm on August 29, 2017. Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 inches of rain over a five-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) mainta...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology 2019-12, Vol.36 (12), p.2501-2520 |
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| creator | Wolff, David B Petersen, Walter A Tokay, Ali Marks, David A Pippitt, Jason L |
| description | Hurricane Harvey hit the Texas Gulf Coast as a major hurricane on August 25, 2017 before exiting the state as a tropical storm on August 29, 2017. Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 inches of rain over a five-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) maintained operations for the entirety of the event. Rain gauge data from the Harris County Flood Warning System (HCFWS) was used for validation with the full radar data set to retrieve daily and event-total precipitation estimates for the period August 25-29, 2017. The KHGX precipitation estimates were then compared to the HCFWS gauges. Three different hybrid polarimetric rainfall retrievals were used, along with attenuation-based retrieval that employs the radar-observed differential propagation. An advantage of using a attenuation-based retrieval is its immunity to partial beam blockage and calibration errors in reflectivity and differential reflectivity. All of the retrievals are susceptible to changes in the observed Drop Size Distribution (DSD). No in situ DSD data were available over the study area, so changes in the DSD were interpreted by examining the observed radar data. We examined the parameter space of two key values in the attenuation retrieval to test the sensitivity of the rain retrieval. Selecting a value of α=0.015 and β=0.600 and β=0.625 provided the best overall results, relative to the gauges, but more work needs to be done to develop an automated technique to account for changes in the ambient DSD. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1175/JTECH-D-19-0081.1 |
| format | Article |
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Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 inches of rain over a five-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) maintained operations for the entirety of the event. Rain gauge data from the Harris County Flood Warning System (HCFWS) was used for validation with the full radar data set to retrieve daily and event-total precipitation estimates for the period August 25-29, 2017. The KHGX precipitation estimates were then compared to the HCFWS gauges. Three different hybrid polarimetric rainfall retrievals were used, along with attenuation-based retrieval that employs the radar-observed differential propagation. An advantage of using a attenuation-based retrieval is its immunity to partial beam blockage and calibration errors in reflectivity and differential reflectivity. All of the retrievals are susceptible to changes in the observed Drop Size Distribution (DSD). No in situ DSD data were available over the study area, so changes in the DSD were interpreted by examining the observed radar data. We examined the parameter space of two key values in the attenuation retrieval to test the sensitivity of the rain retrieval. Selecting a value of α=0.015 and β=0.600 and β=0.625 provided the best overall results, relative to the gauges, but more work needs to be done to develop an automated technique to account for changes in the ambient DSD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0739-0572</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-0426</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1175/JTECH-D-19-0081.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Goddard Space Flight Center: American Meteorological Society</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Atmospheric precipitations ; Attenuation ; Drop size ; Drop size distribution ; Dual polarization radar ; Estimates ; Extreme weather ; Fatalities ; Flood warnings ; Flooding ; Floods ; Gauges ; Historic floods ; Hurricanes ; Immunity ; Meteorology And Climatology ; Precipitation ; Precipitation estimation ; Quality control ; Radar ; Radar attenuation ; Radar data ; Radar polarimetry ; Rain ; Rain gauges ; Rainfall ; Reflectance ; Retrieval ; Sensitivity analysis ; Size distribution ; Tropical climate ; Tropical depressions ; Tropical storms ; Warning systems</subject><ispartof>Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology, 2019-12, Vol.36 (12), p.2501-2520</ispartof><rights>Copyright Determination: PUBLIC_USE_PERMITTED</rights><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society Dec 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-e7aa80afc02a0cb39f4754fd1fe34f9d7015b2066a79d2795cd0c4e7731ddb8e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-e7aa80afc02a0cb39f4754fd1fe34f9d7015b2066a79d2795cd0c4e7731ddb8e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0005-3754</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,800,3681,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wolff, David B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petersen, Walter A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tokay, Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marks, David A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pippitt, Jason L</creatorcontrib><title>Assessing Dual-Polarization Radar Estimates of Extreme Rainfall During Hurricane Harvey</title><title>Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology</title><description>Hurricane Harvey hit the Texas Gulf Coast as a major hurricane on August 25, 2017 before exiting the state as a tropical storm on August 29, 2017. Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 inches of rain over a five-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) maintained operations for the entirety of the event. Rain gauge data from the Harris County Flood Warning System (HCFWS) was used for validation with the full radar data set to retrieve daily and event-total precipitation estimates for the period August 25-29, 2017. The KHGX precipitation estimates were then compared to the HCFWS gauges. Three different hybrid polarimetric rainfall retrievals were used, along with attenuation-based retrieval that employs the radar-observed differential propagation. An advantage of using a attenuation-based retrieval is its immunity to partial beam blockage and calibration errors in reflectivity and differential reflectivity. All of the retrievals are susceptible to changes in the observed Drop Size Distribution (DSD). No in situ DSD data were available over the study area, so changes in the DSD were interpreted by examining the observed radar data. We examined the parameter space of two key values in the attenuation retrieval to test the sensitivity of the rain retrieval. Selecting a value of α=0.015 and β=0.600 and β=0.625 provided the best overall results, relative to the gauges, but more work needs to be done to develop an automated technique to account for changes in the ambient DSD.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Atmospheric precipitations</subject><subject>Attenuation</subject><subject>Drop size</subject><subject>Drop size distribution</subject><subject>Dual polarization radar</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Extreme weather</subject><subject>Fatalities</subject><subject>Flood warnings</subject><subject>Flooding</subject><subject>Floods</subject><subject>Gauges</subject><subject>Historic floods</subject><subject>Hurricanes</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Meteorology And Climatology</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Precipitation estimation</subject><subject>Quality control</subject><subject>Radar</subject><subject>Radar attenuation</subject><subject>Radar data</subject><subject>Radar polarimetry</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>Rain gauges</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Reflectance</subject><subject>Retrieval</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Size distribution</subject><subject>Tropical climate</subject><subject>Tropical depressions</subject><subject>Tropical storms</subject><subject>Warning 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B</au><au>Petersen, Walter A</au><au>Tokay, Ali</au><au>Marks, David A</au><au>Pippitt, Jason L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessing Dual-Polarization Radar Estimates of Extreme Rainfall During Hurricane Harvey</atitle><jtitle>Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology</jtitle><date>2019-12-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2501</spage><epage>2520</epage><pages>2501-2520</pages><issn>0739-0572</issn><eissn>1520-0426</eissn><abstract>Hurricane Harvey hit the Texas Gulf Coast as a major hurricane on August 25, 2017 before exiting the state as a tropical storm on August 29, 2017. Left in its wake was historic flooding, with some locations measuring more than 60 inches of rain over a five-day period. The WSR-88D radar (KHGX) maintained operations for the entirety of the event. Rain gauge data from the Harris County Flood Warning System (HCFWS) was used for validation with the full radar data set to retrieve daily and event-total precipitation estimates for the period August 25-29, 2017. The KHGX precipitation estimates were then compared to the HCFWS gauges. Three different hybrid polarimetric rainfall retrievals were used, along with attenuation-based retrieval that employs the radar-observed differential propagation. An advantage of using a attenuation-based retrieval is its immunity to partial beam blockage and calibration errors in reflectivity and differential reflectivity. All of the retrievals are susceptible to changes in the observed Drop Size Distribution (DSD). No in situ DSD data were available over the study area, so changes in the DSD were interpreted by examining the observed radar data. We examined the parameter space of two key values in the attenuation retrieval to test the sensitivity of the rain retrieval. Selecting a value of α=0.015 and β=0.600 and β=0.625 provided the best overall results, relative to the gauges, but more work needs to be done to develop an automated technique to account for changes in the ambient DSD.</abstract><cop>Goddard Space Flight Center</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/JTECH-D-19-0081.1</doi><tpages>20</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0005-3754</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Algorithms Atmospheric precipitations Attenuation Drop size Drop size distribution Dual polarization radar Estimates Extreme weather Fatalities Flood warnings Flooding Floods Gauges Historic floods Hurricanes Immunity Meteorology And Climatology Precipitation Precipitation estimation Quality control Radar Radar attenuation Radar data Radar polarimetry Rain Rain gauges Rainfall Reflectance Retrieval Sensitivity analysis Size distribution Tropical climate Tropical depressions Tropical storms Warning systems |
| title | Assessing Dual-Polarization Radar Estimates of Extreme Rainfall During Hurricane Harvey |
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