Out-of-Plane Compressive Response of Additively Manufactured Cross-Ply Composites
Digital manufacturing was employed to 3D print continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced composites in Unidirectional (UD) [0°], Off-axis ±45° and Cross-ply [0°/90°] layup sequence. These 3D printed composites were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane tension and out-of-plane (compression...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of mechanics 2020-04, Vol.36 (2), p.197-211 |
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| creator | Yogeshvaran, R. N. Liu, B. G. Farukh, F. Kandan, K. |
| description | Digital manufacturing was employed to 3D print continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced composites in Unidirectional (UD) [0°], Off-axis ±45° and Cross-ply [0°/90°] layup sequence. These 3D printed composites were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane tension and out-of-plane (compression and shear) loading. The tensile strength of 3D printed Carbon, Glass and Kevlar UD laminates was significantly lower than that of 3D printing filaments used to manufacture them. The type of fibre (brittle/ductile) reinforcement was found to be governing the shear yield strength of 3D printed composites despite having the same Nylon matrix in all the composites. Out-of-plane compressive strength of the 3D printed Carbon and Glass fibre reinforced composites was independent of specimen size. Contrary to that, Kevlar fibre composites showed a pronounced size effect upon their out-of-plane compressive strength. A combination of X-ray tomography and pressure film measurements revealed that the fibres in 3D printed composites failed by ‘indirect tension’ mechanism which governed their out-of-plane compressive strength. To gain further insights on the experimental observations, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using a pressure-dependent crystal plasticity framework, in conjunction with an analytical model based on shear-lag approach. Both FE and analytical model accurately predicted the out-of-plane compressive strength of all (Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced) 3D printed composites. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/jmech.2019.59 |
| format | Article |
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N. ; Liu, B. G. ; Farukh, F. ; Kandan, K.</creator><creatorcontrib>Yogeshvaran, R. N. ; Liu, B. G. ; Farukh, F. ; Kandan, K.</creatorcontrib><description>Digital manufacturing was employed to 3D print continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced composites in Unidirectional (UD) [0°], Off-axis ±45° and Cross-ply [0°/90°] layup sequence. These 3D printed composites were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane tension and out-of-plane (compression and shear) loading. The tensile strength of 3D printed Carbon, Glass and Kevlar UD laminates was significantly lower than that of 3D printing filaments used to manufacture them. The type of fibre (brittle/ductile) reinforcement was found to be governing the shear yield strength of 3D printed composites despite having the same Nylon matrix in all the composites. Out-of-plane compressive strength of the 3D printed Carbon and Glass fibre reinforced composites was independent of specimen size. Contrary to that, Kevlar fibre composites showed a pronounced size effect upon their out-of-plane compressive strength. A combination of X-ray tomography and pressure film measurements revealed that the fibres in 3D printed composites failed by ‘indirect tension’ mechanism which governed their out-of-plane compressive strength. To gain further insights on the experimental observations, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using a pressure-dependent crystal plasticity framework, in conjunction with an analytical model based on shear-lag approach. Both FE and analytical model accurately predicted the out-of-plane compressive strength of all (Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced) 3D printed composites.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1727-7191</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1811-8216</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/jmech.2019.59</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Taipei: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Aramid fiber reinforced plastics ; Carbon ; Compressive strength ; Computer simulation ; Ductile-brittle transition ; Fiber composites ; Filaments ; Glass fiber reinforced plastics ; Glass fibers ; Kevlar (trademark) ; Laminates ; Mathematical models ; Polymer matrix composites ; Pressure dependence ; Shear lag ; Size effects ; Tensile strength ; Three dimensional composites ; Three dimensional printing ; Unidirectional composites</subject><ispartof>Journal of mechanics, 2020-04, Vol.36 (2), p.197-211</ispartof><rights>Copyright Cambridge University Press Apr 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c304t-d8210a328d67be4a778fffea281a4bf17714988ac0539221c5c808cd0f7d44d03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c304t-d8210a328d67be4a778fffea281a4bf17714988ac0539221c5c808cd0f7d44d03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7028-5481</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27926,27927</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yogeshvaran, R. 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Out-of-plane compressive strength of the 3D printed Carbon and Glass fibre reinforced composites was independent of specimen size. Contrary to that, Kevlar fibre composites showed a pronounced size effect upon their out-of-plane compressive strength. A combination of X-ray tomography and pressure film measurements revealed that the fibres in 3D printed composites failed by ‘indirect tension’ mechanism which governed their out-of-plane compressive strength. To gain further insights on the experimental observations, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using a pressure-dependent crystal plasticity framework, in conjunction with an analytical model based on shear-lag approach. Both FE and analytical model accurately predicted the out-of-plane compressive strength of all (Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced) 3D printed composites.</description><subject>Aramid fiber reinforced plastics</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Ductile-brittle transition</subject><subject>Fiber composites</subject><subject>Filaments</subject><subject>Glass fiber reinforced plastics</subject><subject>Glass fibers</subject><subject>Kevlar (trademark)</subject><subject>Laminates</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Polymer matrix composites</subject><subject>Pressure dependence</subject><subject>Shear lag</subject><subject>Size effects</subject><subject>Tensile strength</subject><subject>Three dimensional composites</subject><subject>Three dimensional printing</subject><subject>Unidirectional composites</subject><issn>1727-7191</issn><issn>1811-8216</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNotkM1LAzEQxYMoWGqP3hc8p2aS7CZ7LItfUKmKnkOaD9zSbtZkV-h_b7Z1LjMM7808fgjdAlkCAXG_OzjzvaQE6mVZX6AZSAAsKVSXeRZUYAE1XKNFSjuSi9dEsnKG3jfjgIPHb3vduaIJhz66lNpfV3y41IcuuSL4YmVtO-Tl_li86m702gxjdLZoYkgpe48nZ0jt4NINuvJ6n9ziv8_R1-PDZ_OM15unl2a1xoYRPmCbsxHNqLSV2DquhZDee6epBM23HoQAXkupDSlZTSmY0kgijSVeWM4tYXN0d77bx_AzujSoXRhjl18qyiSvWCVKyCp8VpkpanRe9bE96HhUQNQETp3AqQmcKmv2B8_NYVQ</recordid><startdate>202004</startdate><enddate>202004</enddate><creator>Yogeshvaran, R. 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N.</au><au>Liu, B. G.</au><au>Farukh, F.</au><au>Kandan, K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Out-of-Plane Compressive Response of Additively Manufactured Cross-Ply Composites</atitle><jtitle>Journal of mechanics</jtitle><date>2020-04</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>197</spage><epage>211</epage><pages>197-211</pages><issn>1727-7191</issn><eissn>1811-8216</eissn><abstract>Digital manufacturing was employed to 3D print continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced composites in Unidirectional (UD) [0°], Off-axis ±45° and Cross-ply [0°/90°] layup sequence. These 3D printed composites were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane tension and out-of-plane (compression and shear) loading. The tensile strength of 3D printed Carbon, Glass and Kevlar UD laminates was significantly lower than that of 3D printing filaments used to manufacture them. The type of fibre (brittle/ductile) reinforcement was found to be governing the shear yield strength of 3D printed composites despite having the same Nylon matrix in all the composites. Out-of-plane compressive strength of the 3D printed Carbon and Glass fibre reinforced composites was independent of specimen size. Contrary to that, Kevlar fibre composites showed a pronounced size effect upon their out-of-plane compressive strength. A combination of X-ray tomography and pressure film measurements revealed that the fibres in 3D printed composites failed by ‘indirect tension’ mechanism which governed their out-of-plane compressive strength. To gain further insights on the experimental observations, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using a pressure-dependent crystal plasticity framework, in conjunction with an analytical model based on shear-lag approach. Both FE and analytical model accurately predicted the out-of-plane compressive strength of all (Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced) 3D printed composites.</abstract><cop>Taipei</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/jmech.2019.59</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-5481</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of mechanics, 2020-04, Vol.36 (2), p.197-211 |
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| source | Oxford Journals Open Access Collection; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Cambridge University Press Journals Complete |
| subjects | Aramid fiber reinforced plastics Carbon Compressive strength Computer simulation Ductile-brittle transition Fiber composites Filaments Glass fiber reinforced plastics Glass fibers Kevlar (trademark) Laminates Mathematical models Polymer matrix composites Pressure dependence Shear lag Size effects Tensile strength Three dimensional composites Three dimensional printing Unidirectional composites |
| title | Out-of-Plane Compressive Response of Additively Manufactured Cross-Ply Composites |
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