Incorporation of High-Speed Shearing in the Fabrication of Whole Soybean Curd: Effects on Aggregation Behaviors and Microstructures

High-speed shearing (HSS) technology was used to mill the okara fibers in raw whole soybean flour (rWSF) suspension for fabrication of whole soybean curd (WSC). By measuring the medium diameter and analyzing the protein subunit composition of rWSF and heated whole soybean flour (hWSF), we found that...

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Veröffentlicht in:Food and bioprocess technology 2020-04, Vol.13 (4), p.611-624
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Chenzhi, Li, Lin, Zhang, Qi, Raheem, Dele, Qin, Wen, Wu, Dingtao, Hu, Bin, Yang, Wenyu, Dong, Hongmin, Vasanthan, Thava, Zhang, Qing
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container_end_page 624
container_issue 4
container_start_page 611
container_title Food and bioprocess technology
container_volume 13
creator Wang, Chenzhi
Li, Lin
Zhang, Qi
Raheem, Dele
Qin, Wen
Wu, Dingtao
Hu, Bin
Yang, Wenyu
Dong, Hongmin
Vasanthan, Thava
Zhang, Qing
description High-speed shearing (HSS) technology was used to mill the okara fibers in raw whole soybean flour (rWSF) suspension for fabrication of whole soybean curd (WSC). By measuring the medium diameter and analyzing the protein subunit composition of rWSF and heated whole soybean flour (hWSF), we found that HSS effectively micronized the insoluble fraction in suspension (especially the component cell layers of seed coat) but destroyed the structure of the native protein and caused the disappearance of specific protein band 7 in sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Further, we made WSC using HSS-treated hWSF suspension and analyzed its characteristics. The relative contents of α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turns all decreased after HSS, but the surface hydrophobicity showed an opposite trend. Additionally, the maximum emission wavelength blue- shifted after HSS. These results indicated that the secondary and tertiary structures of WSC were changed by HSS. Moreover, microstructural analysis based on a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and texture analyzer suggested that HSS led to the formation of a loose and less connected gel network and weakened the gel strength consequently. In summary, to separate and micronize okara individually and add them back to soymilk for WSC making was a considerable method.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s11947-020-02417-w
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By measuring the medium diameter and analyzing the protein subunit composition of rWSF and heated whole soybean flour (hWSF), we found that HSS effectively micronized the insoluble fraction in suspension (especially the component cell layers of seed coat) but destroyed the structure of the native protein and caused the disappearance of specific protein band 7 in sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Further, we made WSC using HSS-treated hWSF suspension and analyzed its characteristics. The relative contents of α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turns all decreased after HSS, but the surface hydrophobicity showed an opposite trend. Additionally, the maximum emission wavelength blue- shifted after HSS. These results indicated that the secondary and tertiary structures of WSC were changed by HSS. Moreover, microstructural analysis based on a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and texture analyzer suggested that HSS led to the formation of a loose and less connected gel network and weakened the gel strength consequently. 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By measuring the medium diameter and analyzing the protein subunit composition of rWSF and heated whole soybean flour (hWSF), we found that HSS effectively micronized the insoluble fraction in suspension (especially the component cell layers of seed coat) but destroyed the structure of the native protein and caused the disappearance of specific protein band 7 in sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Further, we made WSC using HSS-treated hWSF suspension and analyzed its characteristics. The relative contents of α-helix, β-sheet, and β-turns all decreased after HSS, but the surface hydrophobicity showed an opposite trend. Additionally, the maximum emission wavelength blue- shifted after HSS. These results indicated that the secondary and tertiary structures of WSC were changed by HSS. Moreover, microstructural analysis based on a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and texture analyzer suggested that HSS led to the formation of a loose and less connected gel network and weakened the gel strength consequently. In summary, to separate and micronize okara individually and add them back to soymilk for WSC making was a considerable method.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s11947-020-02417-w</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1321-4628</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Aggregation behavior
Agriculture
Biotechnology
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Diameters
Electrophoresis
Emission analysis
Emissions
Fabrication
Fibers
Field emission microscopy
Flour
Food Science
Gel electrophoresis
High speed
Hydrophobicity
Microstructural analysis
Microstructure
Okara
Original Paper
Polyacrylamide
Protein composition
Protein structure
Proteins
Scanning electron microscopy
Shearing
Sodium lauryl sulfate
Soya bean milk
Soybean milk
Soybeans
Subunit structure
Tofu
title Incorporation of High-Speed Shearing in the Fabrication of Whole Soybean Curd: Effects on Aggregation Behaviors and Microstructures
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