Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques
Objectives In primates, allogrooming and other affiliative behaviors confer many benefits and may be influenced by many socioecological factors. Of these, the impact of anthropogenic factors remain relatively understudied. Here we ask whether interactions with humans decreased macaques' affilia...
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creator | Balasubramaniam, Krishna N. Marty, Pascal R. Arlet, Małgorzata E. Beisner, Brianne A. Kaburu, Stefano S. K. Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa McCowan, Brenda |
description | Objectives
In primates, allogrooming and other affiliative behaviors confer many benefits and may be influenced by many socioecological factors. Of these, the impact of anthropogenic factors remain relatively understudied. Here we ask whether interactions with humans decreased macaques' affiliative behaviors by imposing time‐constraints, or increased these behaviors on account of more free‐/available‐time due to macaques' consumption of high‐energy human foods.
Materials and methods
In Southern India, we collected data on human–macaque and macaque–macaque interactions using focal‐animal sampling on two groups of semi‐urban bonnet macaques for 11 months. For each macaque within each climatic season, we calculated frequencies of human–macaque interactions, rates of monitoring human activity and foraging on anthropogenic food, dominance ranks, grooming duration, number of unique grooming partners, and frequencies of other affiliative interactions.
Results
We found strong evidence for time‐constraints on grooming. Macaques that monitored humans more groomed for shorter durations and groomed fewer partners, independent of their group membership, sex, dominance rank, and season. However, monitoring humans had no impact on other affiliative interactions. We found no evidence for the free‐time hypothesis: foraging on anthropogenic food was unrelated to grooming and other affiliation.
Discussion
Our results are consistent with recent findings on other urban‐dwelling species/populations. Macaques in such environments may be especially reliant on other forms of affiliation that are of short duration (e.g., coalitionary support, lip‐smacking) and unaffected by time‐constraints. We stress on the importance of evaluating human impact on inter‐individual differences in primate/wildlife behavior for conservation efforts. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/ajpa.24013 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2376465074</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2376465074</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3933-a24aaee1412f49ab1711989eb54033ab31672ffb10f2a627e23e71dc0dd32eff3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkU1r3DAQhkVo6G62veQHFEMvpcFbfVm2j8vS5oMlyaE9m7F2lGixJdeyE_bfR5vd5JBDCAiENM-88_IOIaeMzhml_BdsOphzSZk4IlNGS5UWSspPZEpjNS1lISbkJIRNfKp4PpOJ4FTJrMim5Pqy7UAPiTcJuOG-952_Q2d1YuKv70PiXQLG2MbCYB8wqfEeHuyuAK13d0ntncMhaUHD_xHDF3JsoAn49XDPyL8_v_8uL9LVzfnlcrFKtSiFSIFLAEQmGTeyhJrljJVFiXUmqRBQC6ZybkzNqOGgeI5cYM7Wmq7XgqMxYkZ-7HW73u_mDlVrg8amAYd-DBUXmVK0FLmK6Pc36MaPvYvuIpUrqTKay0j93FO69yH0aKquty3024rRapdytUu5ek45wt8OkmPd4voVfYk1Amd74BFrb4K26DS-YnEPGROZzKIujXozUnycXtohbsK7pR_dEFvZodU2uH3Hc7W4ul3s3T8BhzenRw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2376465074</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><source>Web of Science - Social Sciences Citation Index – 2020<img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/fromwos-v2.jpg" /></source><creator>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N. ; Marty, Pascal R. ; Arlet, Małgorzata E. ; Beisner, Brianne A. ; Kaburu, Stefano S. K. ; Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza ; Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa ; McCowan, Brenda</creator><creatorcontrib>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N. ; Marty, Pascal R. ; Arlet, Małgorzata E. ; Beisner, Brianne A. ; Kaburu, Stefano S. K. ; Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza ; Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa ; McCowan, Brenda</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives
In primates, allogrooming and other affiliative behaviors confer many benefits and may be influenced by many socioecological factors. Of these, the impact of anthropogenic factors remain relatively understudied. Here we ask whether interactions with humans decreased macaques' affiliative behaviors by imposing time‐constraints, or increased these behaviors on account of more free‐/available‐time due to macaques' consumption of high‐energy human foods.
Materials and methods
In Southern India, we collected data on human–macaque and macaque–macaque interactions using focal‐animal sampling on two groups of semi‐urban bonnet macaques for 11 months. For each macaque within each climatic season, we calculated frequencies of human–macaque interactions, rates of monitoring human activity and foraging on anthropogenic food, dominance ranks, grooming duration, number of unique grooming partners, and frequencies of other affiliative interactions.
Results
We found strong evidence for time‐constraints on grooming. Macaques that monitored humans more groomed for shorter durations and groomed fewer partners, independent of their group membership, sex, dominance rank, and season. However, monitoring humans had no impact on other affiliative interactions. We found no evidence for the free‐time hypothesis: foraging on anthropogenic food was unrelated to grooming and other affiliation.
Discussion
Our results are consistent with recent findings on other urban‐dwelling species/populations. Macaques in such environments may be especially reliant on other forms of affiliation that are of short duration (e.g., coalitionary support, lip‐smacking) and unaffected by time‐constraints. We stress on the importance of evaluating human impact on inter‐individual differences in primate/wildlife behavior for conservation efforts.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9483</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-8644</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2692-7691</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24013</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32064585</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; allogrooming ; Animals ; Anthropogenic factors ; Anthropology ; Behavior ; bonnet macaques ; Conservation ; Consumption ; Dominance ; Evolutionary Biology ; Female ; Grooming ; Human Activities ; Humans ; human–macaque interactions ; India ; Individual differences ; inter‐individual differences ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Macaca radiata - physiology ; Male ; Membership ; Primates ; Sampling ; Science & Technology ; Smacking ; Social Behavior ; time‐budgets ; Wildlife ; Wildlife conservation</subject><ispartof>American journal of physical anthropology, 2020-04, Vol.171 (4), p.704-717</ispartof><rights>2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>true</woscitedreferencessubscribed><woscitedreferencescount>10</woscitedreferencescount><woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid>wos000513545100001</woscitedreferencesoriginalsourcerecordid><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3933-a24aaee1412f49ab1711989eb54033ab31672ffb10f2a627e23e71dc0dd32eff3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3933-a24aaee1412f49ab1711989eb54033ab31672ffb10f2a627e23e71dc0dd32eff3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2101-0588</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fajpa.24013$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fajpa.24013$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,1419,27931,27932,28255,28256,45581,45582</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32064585$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marty, Pascal R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arlet, Małgorzata E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beisner, Brianne A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaburu, Stefano S. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCowan, Brenda</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques</title><title>American journal of physical anthropology</title><addtitle>AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL</addtitle><addtitle>Am J Phys Anthropol</addtitle><description>Objectives
In primates, allogrooming and other affiliative behaviors confer many benefits and may be influenced by many socioecological factors. Of these, the impact of anthropogenic factors remain relatively understudied. Here we ask whether interactions with humans decreased macaques' affiliative behaviors by imposing time‐constraints, or increased these behaviors on account of more free‐/available‐time due to macaques' consumption of high‐energy human foods.
Materials and methods
In Southern India, we collected data on human–macaque and macaque–macaque interactions using focal‐animal sampling on two groups of semi‐urban bonnet macaques for 11 months. For each macaque within each climatic season, we calculated frequencies of human–macaque interactions, rates of monitoring human activity and foraging on anthropogenic food, dominance ranks, grooming duration, number of unique grooming partners, and frequencies of other affiliative interactions.
Results
We found strong evidence for time‐constraints on grooming. Macaques that monitored humans more groomed for shorter durations and groomed fewer partners, independent of their group membership, sex, dominance rank, and season. However, monitoring humans had no impact on other affiliative interactions. We found no evidence for the free‐time hypothesis: foraging on anthropogenic food was unrelated to grooming and other affiliation.
Discussion
Our results are consistent with recent findings on other urban‐dwelling species/populations. Macaques in such environments may be especially reliant on other forms of affiliation that are of short duration (e.g., coalitionary support, lip‐smacking) and unaffected by time‐constraints. We stress on the importance of evaluating human impact on inter‐individual differences in primate/wildlife behavior for conservation efforts.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>allogrooming</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Anthropology</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>bonnet macaques</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Dominance</subject><subject>Evolutionary Biology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Grooming</subject><subject>Human Activities</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>human–macaque interactions</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Individual differences</subject><subject>inter‐individual differences</subject><subject>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</subject><subject>Macaca radiata - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Membership</subject><subject>Primates</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Science & Technology</subject><subject>Smacking</subject><subject>Social Behavior</subject><subject>time‐budgets</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><subject>Wildlife conservation</subject><issn>0002-9483</issn><issn>1096-8644</issn><issn>2692-7691</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AOWDO</sourceid><sourceid>ARHDP</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1r3DAQhkVo6G62veQHFEMvpcFbfVm2j8vS5oMlyaE9m7F2lGixJdeyE_bfR5vd5JBDCAiENM-88_IOIaeMzhml_BdsOphzSZk4IlNGS5UWSspPZEpjNS1lISbkJIRNfKp4PpOJ4FTJrMim5Pqy7UAPiTcJuOG-952_Q2d1YuKv70PiXQLG2MbCYB8wqfEeHuyuAK13d0ntncMhaUHD_xHDF3JsoAn49XDPyL8_v_8uL9LVzfnlcrFKtSiFSIFLAEQmGTeyhJrljJVFiXUmqRBQC6ZybkzNqOGgeI5cYM7Wmq7XgqMxYkZ-7HW73u_mDlVrg8amAYd-DBUXmVK0FLmK6Pc36MaPvYvuIpUrqTKay0j93FO69yH0aKquty3024rRapdytUu5ek45wt8OkmPd4voVfYk1Amd74BFrb4K26DS-YnEPGROZzKIujXozUnycXtohbsK7pR_dEFvZodU2uH3Hc7W4ul3s3T8BhzenRw</recordid><startdate>202004</startdate><enddate>202004</enddate><creator>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N.</creator><creator>Marty, Pascal R.</creator><creator>Arlet, Małgorzata E.</creator><creator>Beisner, Brianne A.</creator><creator>Kaburu, Stefano S. K.</creator><creator>Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza</creator><creator>Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa</creator><creator>McCowan, Brenda</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>17B</scope><scope>AOWDO</scope><scope>ARHDP</scope><scope>BLEPL</scope><scope>DTL</scope><scope>DVR</scope><scope>EGQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-0588</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202004</creationdate><title>Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques</title><author>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N. ; Marty, Pascal R. ; Arlet, Małgorzata E. ; Beisner, Brianne A. ; Kaburu, Stefano S. K. ; Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza ; Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa ; McCowan, Brenda</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3933-a24aaee1412f49ab1711989eb54033ab31672ffb10f2a627e23e71dc0dd32eff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>allogrooming</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Anthropology</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>bonnet macaques</topic><topic>Conservation</topic><topic>Consumption</topic><topic>Dominance</topic><topic>Evolutionary Biology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Grooming</topic><topic>Human Activities</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>human–macaque interactions</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Individual differences</topic><topic>inter‐individual differences</topic><topic>Life Sciences & Biomedicine</topic><topic>Macaca radiata - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Membership</topic><topic>Primates</topic><topic>Sampling</topic><topic>Science & Technology</topic><topic>Smacking</topic><topic>Social Behavior</topic><topic>time‐budgets</topic><topic>Wildlife</topic><topic>Wildlife conservation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marty, Pascal R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arlet, Małgorzata E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beisner, Brianne A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaburu, Stefano S. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCowan, Brenda</creatorcontrib><collection>Web of Knowledge</collection><collection>Web of Science - Science Citation Index Expanded - 2020</collection><collection>Web of Science - Social Sciences Citation Index – 2020</collection><collection>Web of Science Core Collection</collection><collection>Science Citation Index Expanded</collection><collection>Social Sciences Citation Index</collection><collection>Web of Science Primary (SCIE, SSCI & AHCI)</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of physical anthropology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Balasubramaniam, Krishna N.</au><au>Marty, Pascal R.</au><au>Arlet, Małgorzata E.</au><au>Beisner, Brianne A.</au><au>Kaburu, Stefano S. K.</au><au>Bliss‐Moreau, Eliza</au><au>Kodandaramaiah, Ullasa</au><au>McCowan, Brenda</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques</atitle><jtitle>American journal of physical anthropology</jtitle><stitle>AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL</stitle><addtitle>Am J Phys Anthropol</addtitle><date>2020-04</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>171</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>704</spage><epage>717</epage><pages>704-717</pages><issn>0002-9483</issn><eissn>1096-8644</eissn><eissn>2692-7691</eissn><abstract>Objectives
In primates, allogrooming and other affiliative behaviors confer many benefits and may be influenced by many socioecological factors. Of these, the impact of anthropogenic factors remain relatively understudied. Here we ask whether interactions with humans decreased macaques' affiliative behaviors by imposing time‐constraints, or increased these behaviors on account of more free‐/available‐time due to macaques' consumption of high‐energy human foods.
Materials and methods
In Southern India, we collected data on human–macaque and macaque–macaque interactions using focal‐animal sampling on two groups of semi‐urban bonnet macaques for 11 months. For each macaque within each climatic season, we calculated frequencies of human–macaque interactions, rates of monitoring human activity and foraging on anthropogenic food, dominance ranks, grooming duration, number of unique grooming partners, and frequencies of other affiliative interactions.
Results
We found strong evidence for time‐constraints on grooming. Macaques that monitored humans more groomed for shorter durations and groomed fewer partners, independent of their group membership, sex, dominance rank, and season. However, monitoring humans had no impact on other affiliative interactions. We found no evidence for the free‐time hypothesis: foraging on anthropogenic food was unrelated to grooming and other affiliation.
Discussion
Our results are consistent with recent findings on other urban‐dwelling species/populations. Macaques in such environments may be especially reliant on other forms of affiliation that are of short duration (e.g., coalitionary support, lip‐smacking) and unaffected by time‐constraints. We stress on the importance of evaluating human impact on inter‐individual differences in primate/wildlife behavior for conservation efforts.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>32064585</pmid><doi>10.1002/ajpa.24013</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-0588</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult allogrooming Animals Anthropogenic factors Anthropology Behavior bonnet macaques Conservation Consumption Dominance Evolutionary Biology Female Grooming Human Activities Humans human–macaque interactions India Individual differences inter‐individual differences Life Sciences & Biomedicine Macaca radiata - physiology Male Membership Primates Sampling Science & Technology Smacking Social Behavior time‐budgets Wildlife Wildlife conservation |
title | Impact of anthropogenic factors on affiliative behaviors among bonnet macaques |
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