Semi‐arid savanna herbaceous production and diversity responses to interactive effects of drought, nitrogen deposition, and fire
Question Savannas are globally widespread and furnish a variety of ecological services through their structural heterogeneity. Unfortunately, those essential ecosystem services are threatened by climate changes including expected increases in duration of drought and nitrogen deposition. The objectiv...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of vegetation science 2020-03, Vol.31 (2), p.255-265 |
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| creator | Hannusch, Heather J. Rogers, William E. Lodge, Alexandra G. Starns, Heath D. Tolleson, Douglas R. Paruelo, José |
| description | Question
Savannas are globally widespread and furnish a variety of ecological services through their structural heterogeneity. Unfortunately, those essential ecosystem services are threatened by climate changes including expected increases in duration of drought and nitrogen deposition. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires.
Location
Western Edwards Plateau, Texas (latitude 31°N, longitude 100°W).
Methods
We randomly assigned full‐factorial treatment combinations of rainout shelters, simulated nitrogen deposition and prescribed fires to field plots in an herbaceous‐dominated area of a semi‐arid savanna. Aboveground net primary productivity (assessed via destructive harvest) and diversity (using Shannon’s index) were assessed as indicators of ecosystem functioning.
Results
Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months). Forb production increased in response to nitrogen addition (8 months) and drought (12 months), but decreased as a result of fire (12 months). Live grass production was consistently reduced by drought. Plant species diversity was positively responsive to nitrogen addition, particularly in the absence of drought.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the concentrated precipitation events that are forecasted to follow extended droughts may aid rapid recovery of drought‐induced production decreases. In addition, the small‐scale diversity of this semi‐arid savanna may be driven more by resource availability than light‐competition in the short‐term. Managers and ecologists can use these results to help disentangle the ecosystem functioning that may be observed in the presence of future droughts, nitrogen deposition and prescribed fire. Understanding these processes will be key to protecting the integrity of savannas.
Anthropogenic actions threaten the integrity of ecologically important semi‐arid savannas. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires in those systems. Total aboveground net primar |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jvs.12848 |
| format | Article |
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Savannas are globally widespread and furnish a variety of ecological services through their structural heterogeneity. Unfortunately, those essential ecosystem services are threatened by climate changes including expected increases in duration of drought and nitrogen deposition. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires.
Location
Western Edwards Plateau, Texas (latitude 31°N, longitude 100°W).
Methods
We randomly assigned full‐factorial treatment combinations of rainout shelters, simulated nitrogen deposition and prescribed fires to field plots in an herbaceous‐dominated area of a semi‐arid savanna. Aboveground net primary productivity (assessed via destructive harvest) and diversity (using Shannon’s index) were assessed as indicators of ecosystem functioning.
Results
Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months). Forb production increased in response to nitrogen addition (8 months) and drought (12 months), but decreased as a result of fire (12 months). Live grass production was consistently reduced by drought. Plant species diversity was positively responsive to nitrogen addition, particularly in the absence of drought.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the concentrated precipitation events that are forecasted to follow extended droughts may aid rapid recovery of drought‐induced production decreases. In addition, the small‐scale diversity of this semi‐arid savanna may be driven more by resource availability than light‐competition in the short‐term. Managers and ecologists can use these results to help disentangle the ecosystem functioning that may be observed in the presence of future droughts, nitrogen deposition and prescribed fire. Understanding these processes will be key to protecting the integrity of savannas.
Anthropogenic actions threaten the integrity of ecologically important semi‐arid savannas. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires in those systems. Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1100-9233</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1654-1103</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12848</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>anthropogenic change ; Arid regions ; biodiversity ; biomass ; Climate change ; Controlled burning ; Deposition ; Destructive testing ; Drought ; dryland ecosystem ; Ecological effects ; Ecological function ; Ecosystem services ; Ecosystems ; Environmental conditions ; erratic weather ; extreme events ; Fires ; Functional groups ; Heterogeneity ; Net Primary Productivity ; Nitrogen ; nutrient flux ; Plant diversity ; Plant species ; Precipitation ; Prescribed fire ; Primary production ; rangeland ; Resource availability ; Savannahs ; Species diversity ; Weather forecasting</subject><ispartof>Journal of vegetation science, 2020-03, Vol.31 (2), p.255-265</ispartof><rights>2020 International Association for Vegetation Science</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 International Association for Vegetation Science</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2978-b537bcde8d45560e5475d86bd060052796a4ea7463dc51a1582cd645343798733</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2978-b537bcde8d45560e5475d86bd060052796a4ea7463dc51a1582cd645343798733</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1577-2997</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjvs.12848$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjvs.12848$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hannusch, Heather J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rogers, William E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lodge, Alexandra G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Starns, Heath D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolleson, Douglas R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paruelo, José</creatorcontrib><title>Semi‐arid savanna herbaceous production and diversity responses to interactive effects of drought, nitrogen deposition, and fire</title><title>Journal of vegetation science</title><description>Question
Savannas are globally widespread and furnish a variety of ecological services through their structural heterogeneity. Unfortunately, those essential ecosystem services are threatened by climate changes including expected increases in duration of drought and nitrogen deposition. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires.
Location
Western Edwards Plateau, Texas (latitude 31°N, longitude 100°W).
Methods
We randomly assigned full‐factorial treatment combinations of rainout shelters, simulated nitrogen deposition and prescribed fires to field plots in an herbaceous‐dominated area of a semi‐arid savanna. Aboveground net primary productivity (assessed via destructive harvest) and diversity (using Shannon’s index) were assessed as indicators of ecosystem functioning.
Results
Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months). Forb production increased in response to nitrogen addition (8 months) and drought (12 months), but decreased as a result of fire (12 months). Live grass production was consistently reduced by drought. Plant species diversity was positively responsive to nitrogen addition, particularly in the absence of drought.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the concentrated precipitation events that are forecasted to follow extended droughts may aid rapid recovery of drought‐induced production decreases. In addition, the small‐scale diversity of this semi‐arid savanna may be driven more by resource availability than light‐competition in the short‐term. Managers and ecologists can use these results to help disentangle the ecosystem functioning that may be observed in the presence of future droughts, nitrogen deposition and prescribed fire. Understanding these processes will be key to protecting the integrity of savannas.
Anthropogenic actions threaten the integrity of ecologically important semi‐arid savannas. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires in those systems. Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months).</description><subject>anthropogenic change</subject><subject>Arid regions</subject><subject>biodiversity</subject><subject>biomass</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Controlled burning</subject><subject>Deposition</subject><subject>Destructive testing</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>dryland ecosystem</subject><subject>Ecological effects</subject><subject>Ecological function</subject><subject>Ecosystem services</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>erratic weather</subject><subject>extreme events</subject><subject>Fires</subject><subject>Functional groups</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Net Primary Productivity</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>nutrient flux</subject><subject>Plant diversity</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Prescribed fire</subject><subject>Primary production</subject><subject>rangeland</subject><subject>Resource availability</subject><subject>Savannahs</subject><subject>Species diversity</subject><subject>Weather forecasting</subject><issn>1100-9233</issn><issn>1654-1103</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kE1OwzAQhSMEEqWw4AaWWCE1rR3_JFmiil9VYlFgGznxpHXV2sFOgrpDnIAzchIMYctsZhbfe6P3ouic4CkJM9v0fkqSjGUH0YgIzmJCMD0MN8E4zhNKj6MT7zcYkzQXZBR9LGGnv94_pdMKedlLYyRagytlBbbzqHFWdVWrrUHSKKR0D87rdo8c-MYaDx61FmnTgpMB6wFBXUPVemRrpJztVut2goxunV2BQQoaG-TBbvLrV2sHp9FRLbcezv72OHq-uX6a38WLx9v7-dUirpI8zeKS07SsFGSKcS4wcJZylYlSYYExT0IcyUCmTFBVcSIJz5JKCcYpo2mepZSOo4vBN2R67cC3xcZ2zoSXRUJTwQTHJAvU5UBVznrvoC4ap3fS7QuCi5-Ki1Bx8VtxYGcD-6a3sP8fLB5eloPiG1FAgBw</recordid><startdate>202003</startdate><enddate>202003</enddate><creator>Hannusch, Heather J.</creator><creator>Rogers, William E.</creator><creator>Lodge, Alexandra G.</creator><creator>Starns, Heath D.</creator><creator>Tolleson, Douglas R.</creator><creator>Paruelo, José</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-2997</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202003</creationdate><title>Semi‐arid savanna herbaceous production and diversity responses to interactive effects of drought, nitrogen deposition, and fire</title><author>Hannusch, Heather J. ; Rogers, William E. ; Lodge, Alexandra G. ; Starns, Heath D. ; Tolleson, Douglas R. ; Paruelo, José</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2978-b537bcde8d45560e5475d86bd060052796a4ea7463dc51a1582cd645343798733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>anthropogenic change</topic><topic>Arid regions</topic><topic>biodiversity</topic><topic>biomass</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Controlled burning</topic><topic>Deposition</topic><topic>Destructive testing</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>dryland ecosystem</topic><topic>Ecological effects</topic><topic>Ecological function</topic><topic>Ecosystem services</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>Environmental conditions</topic><topic>erratic weather</topic><topic>extreme events</topic><topic>Fires</topic><topic>Functional groups</topic><topic>Heterogeneity</topic><topic>Net Primary Productivity</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>nutrient flux</topic><topic>Plant diversity</topic><topic>Plant species</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Prescribed fire</topic><topic>Primary production</topic><topic>rangeland</topic><topic>Resource availability</topic><topic>Savannahs</topic><topic>Species diversity</topic><topic>Weather forecasting</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hannusch, Heather J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rogers, William E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lodge, Alexandra G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Starns, Heath D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolleson, Douglas R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paruelo, José</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of vegetation science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hannusch, Heather J.</au><au>Rogers, William E.</au><au>Lodge, Alexandra G.</au><au>Starns, Heath D.</au><au>Tolleson, Douglas R.</au><au>Paruelo, José</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Semi‐arid savanna herbaceous production and diversity responses to interactive effects of drought, nitrogen deposition, and fire</atitle><jtitle>Journal of vegetation science</jtitle><date>2020-03</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>255</spage><epage>265</epage><pages>255-265</pages><issn>1100-9233</issn><eissn>1654-1103</eissn><abstract>Question
Savannas are globally widespread and furnish a variety of ecological services through their structural heterogeneity. Unfortunately, those essential ecosystem services are threatened by climate changes including expected increases in duration of drought and nitrogen deposition. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires.
Location
Western Edwards Plateau, Texas (latitude 31°N, longitude 100°W).
Methods
We randomly assigned full‐factorial treatment combinations of rainout shelters, simulated nitrogen deposition and prescribed fires to field plots in an herbaceous‐dominated area of a semi‐arid savanna. Aboveground net primary productivity (assessed via destructive harvest) and diversity (using Shannon’s index) were assessed as indicators of ecosystem functioning.
Results
Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months). Forb production increased in response to nitrogen addition (8 months) and drought (12 months), but decreased as a result of fire (12 months). Live grass production was consistently reduced by drought. Plant species diversity was positively responsive to nitrogen addition, particularly in the absence of drought.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the concentrated precipitation events that are forecasted to follow extended droughts may aid rapid recovery of drought‐induced production decreases. In addition, the small‐scale diversity of this semi‐arid savanna may be driven more by resource availability than light‐competition in the short‐term. Managers and ecologists can use these results to help disentangle the ecosystem functioning that may be observed in the presence of future droughts, nitrogen deposition and prescribed fire. Understanding these processes will be key to protecting the integrity of savannas.
Anthropogenic actions threaten the integrity of ecologically important semi‐arid savannas. The objective of this study was to determine how overall herbaceous production, functional group production and diversity respond in the short‐term to interactions between forecasted environmental conditions and prescribed fires in those systems. Total aboveground net primary production was reduced by fire in the short‐term (4 months), and reduced by drought at 8 months, but drought reductions were later overridden by lagged responses to large precipitation events (12 months).</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><doi>10.1111/jvs.12848</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-2997</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | anthropogenic change Arid regions biodiversity biomass Climate change Controlled burning Deposition Destructive testing Drought dryland ecosystem Ecological effects Ecological function Ecosystem services Ecosystems Environmental conditions erratic weather extreme events Fires Functional groups Heterogeneity Net Primary Productivity Nitrogen nutrient flux Plant diversity Plant species Precipitation Prescribed fire Primary production rangeland Resource availability Savannahs Species diversity Weather forecasting |
| title | Semi‐arid savanna herbaceous production and diversity responses to interactive effects of drought, nitrogen deposition, and fire |
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