Chloroplast movements in the field

An ecophysiological understanding of chloroplast movements in leaves requires measurement of these movements under field conditions. A field-portable instrument was constructed, based on a pulsed measuring beam and lock-in detection that measures chloroplast movements in attached leaves by sensing t...

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Veröffentlicht in:Plant, cell and environment cell and environment, 2003-12, Vol.26 (12), p.2005-2014
Hauptverfasser: Williams, W.E, Gorton, H.L, Witiak, S.M
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container_end_page 2014
container_issue 12
container_start_page 2005
container_title Plant, cell and environment
container_volume 26
creator Williams, W.E
Gorton, H.L
Witiak, S.M
description An ecophysiological understanding of chloroplast movements in leaves requires measurement of these movements under field conditions. A field-portable instrument was constructed, based on a pulsed measuring beam and lock-in detection that measures chloroplast movements in attached leaves by sensing the resultant changes in leaf transmittance. In the instrument and generally in nature, leaves are illuminated obliquely, in contrast with the perpendicular illumination used in most laboratory experiments on chloroplast movement. Microscopic analysis of cells illuminated obliquely with bright light verified that chloroplasts move out of the light path, and transmittance changes in response to oblique light were robust. Chloroplast movements in Alocasia brisbanensis under natural sunlight express kinetics and light requirements expected from laboratory observations: chloroplasts were in the periclinal position at dawn and dusk, anticlinal position in full sunlight midday, and in an intermediate position at night. Movement in response to bright light was rapid allowing responses to brief sunflecks. Movements in Helianthus tuberosum, Eustrephus latifolius and Cissus hypoglauca were qualitatively similar with differing kinetics and magnitude. In all four species, chloroplasts were in motion most of the time, rarely achieving the extreme anticlinal or periclinal positions.
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A field-portable instrument was constructed, based on a pulsed measuring beam and lock-in detection that measures chloroplast movements in attached leaves by sensing the resultant changes in leaf transmittance. In the instrument and generally in nature, leaves are illuminated obliquely, in contrast with the perpendicular illumination used in most laboratory experiments on chloroplast movement. Microscopic analysis of cells illuminated obliquely with bright light verified that chloroplasts move out of the light path, and transmittance changes in response to oblique light were robust. Chloroplast movements in Alocasia brisbanensis under natural sunlight express kinetics and light requirements expected from laboratory observations: chloroplasts were in the periclinal position at dawn and dusk, anticlinal position in full sunlight midday, and in an intermediate position at night. Movement in response to bright light was rapid allowing responses to brief sunflecks. 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A field-portable instrument was constructed, based on a pulsed measuring beam and lock-in detection that measures chloroplast movements in attached leaves by sensing the resultant changes in leaf transmittance. In the instrument and generally in nature, leaves are illuminated obliquely, in contrast with the perpendicular illumination used in most laboratory experiments on chloroplast movement. Microscopic analysis of cells illuminated obliquely with bright light verified that chloroplasts move out of the light path, and transmittance changes in response to oblique light were robust. Chloroplast movements in Alocasia brisbanensis under natural sunlight express kinetics and light requirements expected from laboratory observations: chloroplasts were in the periclinal position at dawn and dusk, anticlinal position in full sunlight midday, and in an intermediate position at night. Movement in response to bright light was rapid allowing responses to brief sunflecks. Movements in Helianthus tuberosum, Eustrephus latifolius and Cissus hypoglauca were qualitatively similar with differing kinetics and magnitude. In all four species, chloroplasts were in motion most of the time, rarely achieving the extreme anticlinal or periclinal positions.</description><subject>Alocasia</subject><subject>Alocasia brisbanensis</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>anticlinal</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell motion</subject><subject>Cell physiology</subject><subject>chloroplast movement</subject><subject>chloroplasts</subject><subject>Cissus</subject><subject>Cissus hypoglauca</subject><subject>Eustrephus latifolius</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Helianthus</subject><subject>Helianthus tuberosum</subject><subject>leaf optics</subject><subject>light intensity</subject><subject>lighting</subject><subject>periclinal</subject><subject>Plant physiology and development</subject><subject>Plants and fungi</subject><subject>solar radiation</subject><subject>sunflecks</subject><issn>0140-7791</issn><issn>1365-3040</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkF1LwzAUhoMoOKe_wTLwsvWcpE3SCy-kzA8YKOiuQ2gT19K1M-l0-_embuCtVycc3uc94SEkQkgQUn7bJADIYwk0SygASwARRbI7IRNkPIsZpHBKJoApxELkeE4uvG8gQKnIJ2RWrNre9ZtW-yFa919mbbrBR3UXDSsT2dq01SU5s7r15uo4p2T5MH8vnuLFy-Nzcb-IS5ZTEQvOIJOSC4o5o1oYK7k13FBhta2s1BVWgGB4ZSvgWYoYlhUPfzIlF1CyKZkdejeu_9waP6im37ounFSUcaAgWRZC8hAqXe-9M1ZtXL3Wbq8Q1ChENWoUokYhahSifoWoXUBvjv3al7q1Tndl7f_4jDEpWRpyd4fcd92a_b_71WsxH1-Bvz7wVvdKf7hwY_lGARlAHuozyn4Aglx6Uw</recordid><startdate>200312</startdate><enddate>200312</enddate><creator>Williams, W.E</creator><creator>Gorton, H.L</creator><creator>Witiak, S.M</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200312</creationdate><title>Chloroplast movements in the field</title><author>Williams, W.E ; Gorton, H.L ; Witiak, S.M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3927-76305886721932a7ef86fe6e27fafdf8ad1d010e6dfd065411df8d6779ec670c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2003</creationdate><topic>Alocasia</topic><topic>Alocasia brisbanensis</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>anticlinal</topic><topic>Autoecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell motion</topic><topic>Cell physiology</topic><topic>chloroplast movement</topic><topic>chloroplasts</topic><topic>Cissus</topic><topic>Cissus hypoglauca</topic><topic>Eustrephus latifolius</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Helianthus</topic><topic>Helianthus tuberosum</topic><topic>leaf optics</topic><topic>light intensity</topic><topic>lighting</topic><topic>periclinal</topic><topic>Plant physiology and development</topic><topic>Plants and fungi</topic><topic>solar radiation</topic><topic>sunflecks</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Williams, W.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gorton, H.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Witiak, S.M</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Plant, cell and environment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Williams, W.E</au><au>Gorton, H.L</au><au>Witiak, S.M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chloroplast movements in the field</atitle><jtitle>Plant, cell and environment</jtitle><date>2003-12</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2005</spage><epage>2014</epage><pages>2005-2014</pages><issn>0140-7791</issn><eissn>1365-3040</eissn><coden>PLCEDV</coden><abstract>An ecophysiological understanding of chloroplast movements in leaves requires measurement of these movements under field conditions. A field-portable instrument was constructed, based on a pulsed measuring beam and lock-in detection that measures chloroplast movements in attached leaves by sensing the resultant changes in leaf transmittance. In the instrument and generally in nature, leaves are illuminated obliquely, in contrast with the perpendicular illumination used in most laboratory experiments on chloroplast movement. Microscopic analysis of cells illuminated obliquely with bright light verified that chloroplasts move out of the light path, and transmittance changes in response to oblique light were robust. Chloroplast movements in Alocasia brisbanensis under natural sunlight express kinetics and light requirements expected from laboratory observations: chloroplasts were in the periclinal position at dawn and dusk, anticlinal position in full sunlight midday, and in an intermediate position at night. Movement in response to bright light was rapid allowing responses to brief sunflecks. 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subjects Alocasia
Alocasia brisbanensis
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
anticlinal
Autoecology
Biological and medical sciences
Cell motion
Cell physiology
chloroplast movement
chloroplasts
Cissus
Cissus hypoglauca
Eustrephus latifolius
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Helianthus
Helianthus tuberosum
leaf optics
light intensity
lighting
periclinal
Plant physiology and development
Plants and fungi
solar radiation
sunflecks
title Chloroplast movements in the field
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