Use of multiple indicators to assess the pollution condition of urban streams: a case study of Bloemspruit, Free State Province, South Africa
The Bloemspruit in the Free State, South Africa, is being polluted by increasing anthropogenic activities alongside the stream. Water quality, macro‐invertebrate diversity and macro‐invertebrate habitats were studied to determine the extent of pollution. Pollution condition was quantified by calcula...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water and environment journal : WEJ 2020-02, Vol.34 (1), p.93-105 |
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| creator | Belle, Gladys Fossey, Annabel Esterhuizen, Leana |
| description | The Bloemspruit in the Free State, South Africa, is being polluted by increasing anthropogenic activities alongside the stream. Water quality, macro‐invertebrate diversity and macro‐invertebrate habitats were studied to determine the extent of pollution. Pollution condition was quantified by calculating several indicators. The study revealed that Bloemspruit is highly polluted for the majority of the sampling sites. Two sites had fair water quality, while the water quality at the other sites was either marginal or poor. SASS 5 scores revealed that most macro‐invertebrate families present were pollution tolerant, indicating the poor state of the water. According to the modified IHAS (mIHAS) scores, macro‐invertebrate habitats at two sites were fair, seven adequate/fair and two poor. The relatively low values of the IHI scores confirm that the majority of the sites were affected by human activities. One site was classified as being largely modified because of the degrading effect of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) nearby. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/wej.12444 |
| format | Article |
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Water quality, macro‐invertebrate diversity and macro‐invertebrate habitats were studied to determine the extent of pollution. Pollution condition was quantified by calculating several indicators. The study revealed that Bloemspruit is highly polluted for the majority of the sampling sites. Two sites had fair water quality, while the water quality at the other sites was either marginal or poor. SASS 5 scores revealed that most macro‐invertebrate families present were pollution tolerant, indicating the poor state of the water. According to the modified IHAS (mIHAS) scores, macro‐invertebrate habitats at two sites were fair, seven adequate/fair and two poor. The relatively low values of the IHI scores confirm that the majority of the sites were affected by human activities. 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Water quality, macro‐invertebrate diversity and macro‐invertebrate habitats were studied to determine the extent of pollution. Pollution condition was quantified by calculating several indicators. The study revealed that Bloemspruit is highly polluted for the majority of the sampling sites. Two sites had fair water quality, while the water quality at the other sites was either marginal or poor. SASS 5 scores revealed that most macro‐invertebrate families present were pollution tolerant, indicating the poor state of the water. According to the modified IHAS (mIHAS) scores, macro‐invertebrate habitats at two sites were fair, seven adequate/fair and two poor. The relatively low values of the IHI scores confirm that the majority of the sites were affected by human activities. One site was classified as being largely modified because of the degrading effect of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) nearby.</description><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>aquatic water quality for urban streams (AWQUS) limits</subject><subject>average score per taxon (ASPT)</subject><subject>Human influences</subject><subject>Index of Habitat Integrity (IHI)</subject><subject>Indicators</subject><subject>Invertebrates</subject><subject>macro‐invertebrates</subject><subject>modified Invertebrate Habitat Assessment System (mIHAS)</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution tolerance</subject><subject>South African Scoring System (SASS 5)</subject><subject>Stream pollution</subject><subject>Streams</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment plants</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><issn>1747-6585</issn><issn>1747-6593</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kM1Kw0AUhYMoWKsL32DAldDUmWQmnbirpfWHgkItLsNkckNTkkycH0sfwnd22og77-YeuN-5B04QXBM8Jn7udrAdk4hSehIMyIROwoSl8emf5uw8uDBmizGdpEkyCL7XBpAqUeNqW3U1oKotKims0gZZhYQxYLzaAOpUXTtbqRZJ5Zmj8kanc9EiYzWIxtwjgaTwH411xf5wfqgVNKbTrrIjtNAAaGWFBfSm1VfVShihlXJ2g6al9rGXwVkpagNXv3sYrBfz99lTuHx9fJ5Nl6GMGaahKCThGBMeE5JCyWURg0winAIIngrGOJA8x4LmSZLynAlZsJxSTmkqIpngeBjc9H87rT4dGJttldOtj8yimEUM45QzT932lNTKGA1l1umqEXqfEZwd2s5829mxbc_e9eyuqmH_P5h9zF96xw-NloLE</recordid><startdate>202002</startdate><enddate>202002</enddate><creator>Belle, Gladys</creator><creator>Fossey, Annabel</creator><creator>Esterhuizen, Leana</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7855-4626</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202002</creationdate><title>Use of multiple indicators to assess the pollution condition of urban streams: a case study of Bloemspruit, Free State Province, South Africa</title><author>Belle, Gladys ; Fossey, Annabel ; Esterhuizen, Leana</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3504-adc1800183119ef8cd3ec6209eea89a558e1bb0a4b6698b5acd5b448449a2c603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>aquatic water quality for urban streams (AWQUS) limits</topic><topic>average score per taxon (ASPT)</topic><topic>Human influences</topic><topic>Index of Habitat Integrity (IHI)</topic><topic>Indicators</topic><topic>Invertebrates</topic><topic>macro‐invertebrates</topic><topic>modified Invertebrate Habitat Assessment System (mIHAS)</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution tolerance</topic><topic>South African Scoring System (SASS 5)</topic><topic>Stream pollution</topic><topic>Streams</topic><topic>Wastewater treatment</topic><topic>Wastewater treatment plants</topic><topic>Water pollution</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Belle, Gladys</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fossey, Annabel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esterhuizen, Leana</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Water and environment journal : WEJ</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Belle, Gladys</au><au>Fossey, Annabel</au><au>Esterhuizen, Leana</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of multiple indicators to assess the pollution condition of urban streams: a case study of Bloemspruit, Free State Province, South Africa</atitle><jtitle>Water and environment journal : WEJ</jtitle><date>2020-02</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>93</spage><epage>105</epage><pages>93-105</pages><issn>1747-6585</issn><eissn>1747-6593</eissn><abstract>The Bloemspruit in the Free State, South Africa, is being polluted by increasing anthropogenic activities alongside the stream. Water quality, macro‐invertebrate diversity and macro‐invertebrate habitats were studied to determine the extent of pollution. Pollution condition was quantified by calculating several indicators. The study revealed that Bloemspruit is highly polluted for the majority of the sampling sites. Two sites had fair water quality, while the water quality at the other sites was either marginal or poor. SASS 5 scores revealed that most macro‐invertebrate families present were pollution tolerant, indicating the poor state of the water. According to the modified IHAS (mIHAS) scores, macro‐invertebrate habitats at two sites were fair, seven adequate/fair and two poor. The relatively low values of the IHI scores confirm that the majority of the sites were affected by human activities. 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| subjects | Anthropogenic factors aquatic water quality for urban streams (AWQUS) limits average score per taxon (ASPT) Human influences Index of Habitat Integrity (IHI) Indicators Invertebrates macro‐invertebrates modified Invertebrate Habitat Assessment System (mIHAS) Pollution Pollution tolerance South African Scoring System (SASS 5) Stream pollution Streams Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment plants Water pollution Water quality |
| title | Use of multiple indicators to assess the pollution condition of urban streams: a case study of Bloemspruit, Free State Province, South Africa |
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