Identifying target traits and molecular mechanisms for wheat breeding under a changing climate

Global warming is causing changes in temperature at a rate unmatched by any temperature change over the last 50 million years. Crop cultivars have been selected for optimal performance under the current climatic conditions. With global warming, characterized by shifts in weather patterns and increas...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of experimental botany 2009-07, Vol.60 (10), p.2791-2804
Hauptverfasser: Semenov, Mikhail A., Halford, Nigel G.
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Halford, Nigel G.
description Global warming is causing changes in temperature at a rate unmatched by any temperature change over the last 50 million years. Crop cultivars have been selected for optimal performance under the current climatic conditions. With global warming, characterized by shifts in weather patterns and increases in frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, new ideotypes will be required with a different set of physiological traits. Severe pressure has been placed on breeders to produce new crop cultivars for a future, rapidly-changing environment that can only be predicted with a great degree of uncertainty and is not available in the present day for direct experiments or field trials. Mathematical modelling, therefore, in conjunction with crop genetics, represents a powerful tool to assist in the breeding process. In this review, drought and high temperature are considered as key stress factors with a high potential impact on crop yield that are associated with global warming, focusing on their effects on wheat. Modelling techniques are described which can help to quantify future threats to wheat growth under climate change and simple component traits that are amenable to genetic analysis are identified. This approach could be used to support breeding programmes for new wheat cultivars suitable for future environments brought about by the changing climate.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jxb/erp164
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Crop cultivars have been selected for optimal performance under the current climatic conditions. With global warming, characterized by shifts in weather patterns and increases in frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, new ideotypes will be required with a different set of physiological traits. Severe pressure has been placed on breeders to produce new crop cultivars for a future, rapidly-changing environment that can only be predicted with a great degree of uncertainty and is not available in the present day for direct experiments or field trials. Mathematical modelling, therefore, in conjunction with crop genetics, represents a powerful tool to assist in the breeding process. In this review, drought and high temperature are considered as key stress factors with a high potential impact on crop yield that are associated with global warming, focusing on their effects on wheat. Modelling techniques are described which can help to quantify future threats to wheat growth under climate change and simple component traits that are amenable to genetic analysis are identified. This approach could be used to support breeding programmes for new wheat cultivars suitable for future environments brought about by the changing climate.</description><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Crop modelling</subject><subject>Crop science</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>deconvoluting complex traits</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>drought and heat stress</subject><subject>Droughts</subject><subject>Ecosystem</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetics and breeding of economic plants</subject><subject>Grains</subject><subject>G×E interactions</subject><subject>Heat stress disorders</subject><subject>Hot Temperature</subject><subject>Modeling</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Phenotypic traits</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>REVIEW PAPER</subject><subject>Triticum - genetics</subject><subject>Triticum - physiology</subject><subject>Varietal selection. 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source Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
Breeding
Climate
Climate change
Crop modelling
Crop science
Crops
deconvoluting complex traits
Drought
drought and heat stress
Droughts
Ecosystem
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
Grains
G×E interactions
Heat stress disorders
Hot Temperature
Modeling
Models, Theoretical
Phenotypic traits
Plants
REVIEW PAPER
Triticum - genetics
Triticum - physiology
Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims
Wheat
wheat genetics
title Identifying target traits and molecular mechanisms for wheat breeding under a changing climate
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