One-dimensional Swelling Behavior of Clay and Shale Under Electrical Potential Gradient
Clay and shale formations are potentially subjected to swelling and softening when they are exposed to fresh water. Conventional swell test on clay and shale is very slow and it can take months or years to achieve the full swelling potential. This paper proposes the use of an electrical potential gr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transport in porous media 2014, Vol.101 (1), p.35-52 |
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| creator | Deriszadeh, M. Wong, R. C. K. |
| description | Clay and shale formations are potentially subjected to swelling and softening when they are exposed to fresh water. Conventional swell test on clay and shale is very slow and it can take months or years to achieve the full swelling potential. This paper proposes the use of an electrical potential gradient applied across the clay sample to accelerate the swelling process. The fluid flow and ions transport in a clayey porous medium under an electrical potential gradient are examined along with possible chemical reactions. Details of the experimental design, setup, and testing procedures are presented. The test materials include reconstituted kalonite and bentonite samples saturated with sodium chloride solution and natural shale cores. Results of this study confirm that the applied electrical potential gradient enhances the ionic depletion and fluid flow, and subsequently the swelling process. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11242-013-0229-8 |
| format | Article |
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C. K.</creatorcontrib><title>One-dimensional Swelling Behavior of Clay and Shale Under Electrical Potential Gradient</title><title>Transport in porous media</title><addtitle>Transp Porous Med</addtitle><description>Clay and shale formations are potentially subjected to swelling and softening when they are exposed to fresh water. Conventional swell test on clay and shale is very slow and it can take months or years to achieve the full swelling potential. This paper proposes the use of an electrical potential gradient applied across the clay sample to accelerate the swelling process. The fluid flow and ions transport in a clayey porous medium under an electrical potential gradient are examined along with possible chemical reactions. Details of the experimental design, setup, and testing procedures are presented. The test materials include reconstituted kalonite and bentonite samples saturated with sodium chloride solution and natural shale cores. Results of this study confirm that the applied electrical potential gradient enhances the ionic depletion and fluid flow, and subsequently the swelling process.</description><subject>Bentonite</subject><subject>Chemical reactions</subject><subject>Civil Engineering</subject><subject>Classical and Continuum Physics</subject><subject>Clay</subject><subject>Depletion</subject><subject>Design of experiments</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Electric potential</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Fresh water</subject><subject>Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Porous media</subject><subject>Sedimentary rocks</subject><subject>Sodium chloride</subject><subject>Swelling</subject><subject>Test procedures</subject><issn>0169-3913</issn><issn>1573-1634</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9LAzEQxYMoWKsfwNuCeIxmkuyfHLXUKhQq1OIxZJNsm7LN1mSr9NubUtGTpxmY33vMewhdA7kDQsr7CEA5xQQYJpQKXJ2gAeQlw1AwfooGBAqBmQB2ji5iXBOSVBUfoPeZt9i4jfXRdV612fzLtq3zy-zRrtSn60LWNdmoVftMeZPNV6q12cIbG7Jxa3UfnE6i1663vndpmwRlXNov0Vmj2mivfuYQLZ7Gb6NnPJ1NXkYPU6w40B4LxWhdQZObghtulag1t6TQFeQ8J2VhyqYkzGhtRV5pS4WAxtSqqAuoadkAG6Kbo-82dB87G3u57nYhBYmSMp48KCdVouBI6dDFGGwjt8FtVNhLIPLQnzz2J1N_8tCfPGhuf5xVTBmboLx28VdIK1ISQUTi6JGL6eSXNvx98L_5NxJJfzk</recordid><startdate>2014</startdate><enddate>2014</enddate><creator>Deriszadeh, M.</creator><creator>Wong, R. 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Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Hydrology/Water Resources</topic><topic>Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Porous media</topic><topic>Sedimentary rocks</topic><topic>Sodium chloride</topic><topic>Swelling</topic><topic>Test procedures</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Deriszadeh, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, R. C. K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering collection</collection><jtitle>Transport in porous media</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Deriszadeh, M.</au><au>Wong, R. 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Details of the experimental design, setup, and testing procedures are presented. The test materials include reconstituted kalonite and bentonite samples saturated with sodium chloride solution and natural shale cores. Results of this study confirm that the applied electrical potential gradient enhances the ionic depletion and fluid flow, and subsequently the swelling process.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s11242-013-0229-8</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Bentonite Chemical reactions Civil Engineering Classical and Continuum Physics Clay Depletion Design of experiments Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Earth, ocean, space Electric potential Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Exact sciences and technology Fluid dynamics Fluid flow Fresh water Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Hydrocarbons Hydrogeology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering Organic chemistry Pollution, environment geology Porous media Sedimentary rocks Sodium chloride Swelling Test procedures |
| title | One-dimensional Swelling Behavior of Clay and Shale Under Electrical Potential Gradient |
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