OZM Ball Drop Impact Tester (BIT‐132) vs. BAM Standard Method – a Comparative Investigation
Safety, performance, cost efficient synthesis and toxicity are the most important aspects of modern explosives. Sensitivity measurements are performed in accordance with different protocols all around the world. Sometimes the BAM drop hammer does not accurately reflect the sensitivity of an energeti...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics explosives, pyrotechnics, 2020-01, Vol.45 (1), p.147-153 |
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| container_title | Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics |
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| creator | Gruhne, Michael S. Lommel, Marcus Wurzenberger, Maximilian H. H. Szimhardt, Norbert Klapötke, Thomas M. Stierstorfer, Jörg |
| description | Safety, performance, cost efficient synthesis and toxicity are the most important aspects of modern explosives. Sensitivity measurements are performed in accordance with different protocols all around the world. Sometimes the BAM drop hammer does not accurately reflect the sensitivity of an energetic material, in particular the sensitivity of primary explosives. Therefore, we present here preliminary results obtained using the novel ball drop tester (BIT‐132), manufactured by OZM research, following MIL‐STD‐1751 A (method 1016). The ball drop impact sensitivity tester is a device in which a free‐falling steel ball is dropped onto an unconfined sample, and is expected to produce more realistic results than the currently commonly used BAM method. The results obtained using the probit analysis were compared to those from the BAM drop hammer and friction tester. The following sensitive explosives were investigated: HMTD, TATP, TAT, Tetrazene, MTX‐1, KDNBF, KDNP, K2DNABT, Lead Styphnate Monohydrate, DBX‐1, Nickel(II) Hydrazine Nitrate, Silver Acetylide, AgN3, Pb(N3)2 RD‐1333, AgCNO, and Hg(CNO)2. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/prep.201900286 |
| format | Article |
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H. ; Szimhardt, Norbert ; Klapötke, Thomas M. ; Stierstorfer, Jörg</creator><creatorcontrib>Gruhne, Michael S. ; Lommel, Marcus ; Wurzenberger, Maximilian H. H. ; Szimhardt, Norbert ; Klapötke, Thomas M. ; Stierstorfer, Jörg</creatorcontrib><description>Safety, performance, cost efficient synthesis and toxicity are the most important aspects of modern explosives. Sensitivity measurements are performed in accordance with different protocols all around the world. Sometimes the BAM drop hammer does not accurately reflect the sensitivity of an energetic material, in particular the sensitivity of primary explosives. Therefore, we present here preliminary results obtained using the novel ball drop tester (BIT‐132), manufactured by OZM research, following MIL‐STD‐1751 A (method 1016). The ball drop impact sensitivity tester is a device in which a free‐falling steel ball is dropped onto an unconfined sample, and is expected to produce more realistic results than the currently commonly used BAM method. The results obtained using the probit analysis were compared to those from the BAM drop hammer and friction tester. The following sensitive explosives were investigated: HMTD, TATP, TAT, Tetrazene, MTX‐1, KDNBF, KDNP, K2DNABT, Lead Styphnate Monohydrate, DBX‐1, Nickel(II) Hydrazine Nitrate, Silver Acetylide, AgN3, Pb(N3)2 RD‐1333, AgCNO, and Hg(CNO)2.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-3115</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1521-4087</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900286</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Weinheim: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Ball Drop ; Drop hammers ; Energetic materials ; Explosives ; Hydrazine nitrate ; Impact Sensitivity ; Impact tests ; Primary Explosives ; Probit Method ; Safety ; Sensitivity ; Toxicity</subject><ispartof>Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, 2020-01, Vol.45 (1), p.147-153</ispartof><rights>2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.</rights><rights>2020 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 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The ball drop impact sensitivity tester is a device in which a free‐falling steel ball is dropped onto an unconfined sample, and is expected to produce more realistic results than the currently commonly used BAM method. The results obtained using the probit analysis were compared to those from the BAM drop hammer and friction tester. 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| ispartof | Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics, 2020-01, Vol.45 (1), p.147-153 |
| issn | 0721-3115 1521-4087 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Ball Drop Drop hammers Energetic materials Explosives Hydrazine nitrate Impact Sensitivity Impact tests Primary Explosives Probit Method Safety Sensitivity Toxicity |
| title | OZM Ball Drop Impact Tester (BIT‐132) vs. BAM Standard Method – a Comparative Investigation |
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