Longitudinal Changes of Plasma ADAMTS13 Activity, Antigen, and Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Abstract Background Severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity resulting from anti-ADAMTS13 IgG is the primary cause of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity and/or accelerate clearance of ADAMTS13 from the circ...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of clinical pathology 2019-09, Vol.152 (Supplement_1), p.S21-S22
Hauptverfasser: Sui, Jingrui (Jean), Cao, Wenjing, Abdelgawwad, Mohammad, Kocher, Nicole K, Halkidis, Konstantine, Guillory, Bryan K, Williams, Lawrence A, Marques, Marisa B, Zheng, X Long
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container_issue Supplement_1
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container_title American journal of clinical pathology
container_volume 152
creator Sui, Jingrui (Jean)
Cao, Wenjing
Abdelgawwad, Mohammad
Kocher, Nicole K
Halkidis, Konstantine
Guillory, Bryan K
Williams, Lawrence A
Marques, Marisa B
Zheng, X Long
description Abstract Background Severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity resulting from anti-ADAMTS13 IgG is the primary cause of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity and/or accelerate clearance of ADAMTS13 from the circulation. The present study aims to determine the initial and longitudinal changes of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and their relationships with clinical responses and outcomes of patients with iTTP after standard treatment. Methods Thirty-eight patients with a confirmed diagnosis of iTTP who underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) at UAB Medical Center were enrolled into the study. The study spanned from May 2015 to December 2018. An informed consent was obtained from each participant. Clinical and laboratory information was extracted from the electronic medical record and stored in the Alabama TTP Registry database. Plasma samples were collected prior to the initiation of and every 3 to 5 days after TPE until discharge. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG were determined using commercially available reagents. Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, Spearman rank correlation, Cox proportional hazard regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to determine statistical significances. Results The median age of this cohort was 46.5 years old; 26 (68%) patients were female and 12 (32%) were male. Twenty-three patients (60%) were experiencing their initial episode while 15 (39%) had an exacerbation/relapse at the time of enrollment. All patients were diagnosed based on the findings of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, plasma ADAMTS13 activity (
doi_str_mv 10.1093/ajcp/aqz112.041
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Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity and/or accelerate clearance of ADAMTS13 from the circulation. The present study aims to determine the initial and longitudinal changes of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and their relationships with clinical responses and outcomes of patients with iTTP after standard treatment. Methods Thirty-eight patients with a confirmed diagnosis of iTTP who underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) at UAB Medical Center were enrolled into the study. The study spanned from May 2015 to December 2018. An informed consent was obtained from each participant. Clinical and laboratory information was extracted from the electronic medical record and stored in the Alabama TTP Registry database. Plasma samples were collected prior to the initiation of and every 3 to 5 days after TPE until discharge. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG were determined using commercially available reagents. Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, Spearman rank correlation, Cox proportional hazard regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to determine statistical significances. Results The median age of this cohort was 46.5 years old; 26 (68%) patients were female and 12 (32%) were male. Twenty-three patients (60%) were experiencing their initial episode while 15 (39%) had an exacerbation/relapse at the time of enrollment. All patients were diagnosed based on the findings of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, plasma ADAMTS13 activity (&lt;10 U/dL), and inhibitor titer ≥0.4 BU or elevated anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. Following treatment with standard therapy (TPE, corticosteroids, and/or other immunosuppressives), plasma levels of ADAMTS13 activity and antigen increased with a concurrent reduction of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. However, there were at least three distinct patterns of dynamic changes of these markers over time: (1) rapid increase, (2) slow increase or fluctuation, and (3) persistently low. More interestingly, those with the highest quartile of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG (HR = 4.2) and inhibitor titer ≥1.2 BU (HR = 3.2) at presentation, ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL 3 to 7 days during therapy (HR = 2.5), and ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL (HR = 3.2) or the lowest quartile of ADAMTS13 antigen at clinical response (HR = 2.8) were all associated with a higher risk of TTP exacerbation (the disease recurred within 30 days following a sustained normalization of platelet counts). Conclusion Initial and longitudinal assessment of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, inhibitor titer, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may be useful not only for diagnosis but also for predicting the risk of exacerbation. This may influence how we select a therapeutic modality for a better outcome. Long-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether these ADAMTS13 biomarkers at patient discharge are predictive of relapse and mortality.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9173</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-7722</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz112.041</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Antigens ; Autoantibodies ; Corticosteroids ; Diagnosis ; Electronic medical records ; Hemolytic anemia ; Immune clearance ; Immunoglobulin G ; Patients ; Plasma ; Plasma levels ; Survival analysis ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thrombocytopenic purpura ; Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura</subject><ispartof>American journal of clinical pathology, 2019-09, Vol.152 (Supplement_1), p.S21-S22</ispartof><rights>American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2019</rights><rights>American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2019. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sui, Jingrui (Jean)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Wenjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelgawwad, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kocher, Nicole K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halkidis, Konstantine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guillory, Bryan K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Lawrence A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marques, Marisa B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, X Long</creatorcontrib><title>Longitudinal Changes of Plasma ADAMTS13 Activity, Antigen, and Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura</title><title>American journal of clinical pathology</title><description>Abstract Background Severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity resulting from anti-ADAMTS13 IgG is the primary cause of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity and/or accelerate clearance of ADAMTS13 from the circulation. The present study aims to determine the initial and longitudinal changes of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and their relationships with clinical responses and outcomes of patients with iTTP after standard treatment. Methods Thirty-eight patients with a confirmed diagnosis of iTTP who underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) at UAB Medical Center were enrolled into the study. The study spanned from May 2015 to December 2018. An informed consent was obtained from each participant. Clinical and laboratory information was extracted from the electronic medical record and stored in the Alabama TTP Registry database. Plasma samples were collected prior to the initiation of and every 3 to 5 days after TPE until discharge. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG were determined using commercially available reagents. Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, Spearman rank correlation, Cox proportional hazard regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to determine statistical significances. Results The median age of this cohort was 46.5 years old; 26 (68%) patients were female and 12 (32%) were male. Twenty-three patients (60%) were experiencing their initial episode while 15 (39%) had an exacerbation/relapse at the time of enrollment. All patients were diagnosed based on the findings of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, plasma ADAMTS13 activity (&lt;10 U/dL), and inhibitor titer ≥0.4 BU or elevated anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. Following treatment with standard therapy (TPE, corticosteroids, and/or other immunosuppressives), plasma levels of ADAMTS13 activity and antigen increased with a concurrent reduction of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. However, there were at least three distinct patterns of dynamic changes of these markers over time: (1) rapid increase, (2) slow increase or fluctuation, and (3) persistently low. More interestingly, those with the highest quartile of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG (HR = 4.2) and inhibitor titer ≥1.2 BU (HR = 3.2) at presentation, ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL 3 to 7 days during therapy (HR = 2.5), and ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL (HR = 3.2) or the lowest quartile of ADAMTS13 antigen at clinical response (HR = 2.8) were all associated with a higher risk of TTP exacerbation (the disease recurred within 30 days following a sustained normalization of platelet counts). Conclusion Initial and longitudinal assessment of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, inhibitor titer, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may be useful not only for diagnosis but also for predicting the risk of exacerbation. This may influence how we select a therapeutic modality for a better outcome. Long-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether these ADAMTS13 biomarkers at patient discharge are predictive of relapse and mortality.</description><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Autoantibodies</subject><subject>Corticosteroids</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Electronic medical records</subject><subject>Hemolytic anemia</subject><subject>Immune clearance</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Plasma levels</subject><subject>Survival analysis</subject><subject>Thrombocytopenia</subject><subject>Thrombocytopenic purpura</subject><subject>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura</subject><issn>0002-9173</issn><issn>1943-7722</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1r20AURYeSQJyk62wHuitR_ObDGmkp3CQNONQQhy7FG2lkj7FmlJlRwP0Z_cVVcLvu6j0u597FIeSGwR2DUsxx3wxzfPvFGL8DyT6RGSulyJTi_IzMAIBnJVPiglzGuAdgvAA5I79X3m1tGlvr8ECXO3RbE6nv6PqAsUdafaueNy9M0KpJ9t2m4y2tXLJb424pupZWY_I4Bdq3dipaR9eYrHEp0p827ehT34_OZM-mtZhMSze74Hvtk23-vc0x-cG4KViPYRgDXpPzDg_RfP57r8jrw_1m-T1b_Xh8WlarrGEgZCakaJXQUECHucg7tZBaFosOS74QBWilmc45QCNBgxEsLxF5Loq801wpVYor8uW0OwT_NpqY6r0fw6Qh1lyIkk2jXE7U_EQ1wccYTFcPwfYYjjWD-kN8_SG-PomvJ_FT4-up4cfhv_AffhWGFA</recordid><startdate>20190911</startdate><enddate>20190911</enddate><creator>Sui, Jingrui (Jean)</creator><creator>Cao, Wenjing</creator><creator>Abdelgawwad, Mohammad</creator><creator>Kocher, Nicole K</creator><creator>Halkidis, Konstantine</creator><creator>Guillory, Bryan K</creator><creator>Williams, Lawrence A</creator><creator>Marques, Marisa B</creator><creator>Zheng, X Long</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190911</creationdate><title>Longitudinal Changes of Plasma ADAMTS13 Activity, Antigen, and Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura</title><author>Sui, Jingrui (Jean) ; Cao, Wenjing ; Abdelgawwad, Mohammad ; Kocher, Nicole K ; Halkidis, Konstantine ; Guillory, Bryan K ; Williams, Lawrence A ; Marques, Marisa B ; Zheng, X Long</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1034-343d73b080fa636f754b485fa925380b7b1b6200c40b0e3169aa26386fb277793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Autoantibodies</topic><topic>Corticosteroids</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Electronic medical records</topic><topic>Hemolytic anemia</topic><topic>Immune clearance</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Plasma levels</topic><topic>Survival analysis</topic><topic>Thrombocytopenia</topic><topic>Thrombocytopenic purpura</topic><topic>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sui, Jingrui (Jean)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Wenjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdelgawwad, Mohammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kocher, Nicole K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halkidis, Konstantine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guillory, Bryan K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Williams, Lawrence A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marques, Marisa B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, X Long</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Proquest Nursing &amp; 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Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>American journal of clinical pathology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sui, Jingrui (Jean)</au><au>Cao, Wenjing</au><au>Abdelgawwad, Mohammad</au><au>Kocher, Nicole K</au><au>Halkidis, Konstantine</au><au>Guillory, Bryan K</au><au>Williams, Lawrence A</au><au>Marques, Marisa B</au><au>Zheng, X Long</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Longitudinal Changes of Plasma ADAMTS13 Activity, Antigen, and Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura</atitle><jtitle>American journal of clinical pathology</jtitle><date>2019-09-11</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>152</volume><issue>Supplement_1</issue><spage>S21</spage><epage>S22</epage><pages>S21-S22</pages><issn>0002-9173</issn><eissn>1943-7722</eissn><abstract>Abstract Background Severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity resulting from anti-ADAMTS13 IgG is the primary cause of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). Anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may bind and inhibit plasma ADAMTS13 activity and/or accelerate clearance of ADAMTS13 from the circulation. The present study aims to determine the initial and longitudinal changes of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG and their relationships with clinical responses and outcomes of patients with iTTP after standard treatment. Methods Thirty-eight patients with a confirmed diagnosis of iTTP who underwent therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) at UAB Medical Center were enrolled into the study. The study spanned from May 2015 to December 2018. An informed consent was obtained from each participant. Clinical and laboratory information was extracted from the electronic medical record and stored in the Alabama TTP Registry database. Plasma samples were collected prior to the initiation of and every 3 to 5 days after TPE until discharge. Plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG were determined using commercially available reagents. Mann-Whitney test, Fisher’s exact test, Spearman rank correlation, Cox proportional hazard regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to determine statistical significances. Results The median age of this cohort was 46.5 years old; 26 (68%) patients were female and 12 (32%) were male. Twenty-three patients (60%) were experiencing their initial episode while 15 (39%) had an exacerbation/relapse at the time of enrollment. All patients were diagnosed based on the findings of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, plasma ADAMTS13 activity (&lt;10 U/dL), and inhibitor titer ≥0.4 BU or elevated anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. Following treatment with standard therapy (TPE, corticosteroids, and/or other immunosuppressives), plasma levels of ADAMTS13 activity and antigen increased with a concurrent reduction of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG. However, there were at least three distinct patterns of dynamic changes of these markers over time: (1) rapid increase, (2) slow increase or fluctuation, and (3) persistently low. More interestingly, those with the highest quartile of anti-ADAMTS13 IgG (HR = 4.2) and inhibitor titer ≥1.2 BU (HR = 3.2) at presentation, ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL 3 to 7 days during therapy (HR = 2.5), and ADAMTS13 activity &lt;20 U/dL (HR = 3.2) or the lowest quartile of ADAMTS13 antigen at clinical response (HR = 2.8) were all associated with a higher risk of TTP exacerbation (the disease recurred within 30 days following a sustained normalization of platelet counts). Conclusion Initial and longitudinal assessment of plasma ADAMTS13 activity, antigen, inhibitor titer, and anti-ADAMTS13 IgG may be useful not only for diagnosis but also for predicting the risk of exacerbation. This may influence how we select a therapeutic modality for a better outcome. Long-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether these ADAMTS13 biomarkers at patient discharge are predictive of relapse and mortality.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><doi>10.1093/ajcp/aqz112.041</doi></addata></record>
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subjects Antigens
Autoantibodies
Corticosteroids
Diagnosis
Electronic medical records
Hemolytic anemia
Immune clearance
Immunoglobulin G
Patients
Plasma
Plasma levels
Survival analysis
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
title Longitudinal Changes of Plasma ADAMTS13 Activity, Antigen, and Autoantibodies in Patients With Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
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