HIV Incidence Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Drug Users: A Comparison of East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico
Significant differences in HIV-related risk behaviors have been found between Puerto Rican drug users in New York City (NY) and Puerto Rico (PR). An examination of HIV incidence rates and characteristics of seroconverters in each location was undertaken. Baseline and follow-up interviewing and HIV t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2004-08, Vol.36 (5), p.1067-1074 |
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| creator | Deren, Sherry Kang, Sung-Yeon Colón, Hector M Andia, Jonny F Robles, Rafaela R |
| description | Significant differences in HIV-related risk behaviors have been found between Puerto Rican drug users in New York City (NY) and Puerto Rico (PR). An examination of HIV incidence rates and characteristics of seroconverters in each location was undertaken. Baseline and follow-up interviewing and HIV testing were conducted in 1998 to 2002 with seronegative Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs) and crack smokers from East Harlem, NY (n = 455) and Bayamón, PR (n = 268). There were a total of 32 seroconverters, 9 in NY and 23 in PR, for seroconversion rates of 0.88/100 person-years at risk (pyr; 95% CI, 0.31–1.45) in NY and 3.37/100 pyr (95% CI, 2.02–4.72) in PR (P < 0.001). In PR, variables significantly related to seroconversion were younger age and using shooting galleries. Being in methadone treatment was protective against seroconversion. In NY, crack use was significantly related to seroconversion. The higher seroconversion rate found in PR indicates a need to enhance HIV prevention efforts, including increasing methadone treatment and access to sterile syringes. The need to address sexual risk behaviors in both locations was also indicated. Resources focusing on reducing HIV transmission in the Caribbean should include efforts to target the drug use-HIV epidemic in PR. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/00126334-200408150-00010 |
| format | Article |
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An examination of HIV incidence rates and characteristics of seroconverters in each location was undertaken. Baseline and follow-up interviewing and HIV testing were conducted in 1998 to 2002 with seronegative Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs) and crack smokers from East Harlem, NY (n = 455) and Bayamón, PR (n = 268). There were a total of 32 seroconverters, 9 in NY and 23 in PR, for seroconversion rates of 0.88/100 person-years at risk (pyr; 95% CI, 0.31–1.45) in NY and 3.37/100 pyr (95% CI, 2.02–4.72) in PR (P < 0.001). In PR, variables significantly related to seroconversion were younger age and using shooting galleries. Being in methadone treatment was protective against seroconversion. In NY, crack use was significantly related to seroconversion. The higher seroconversion rate found in PR indicates a need to enhance HIV prevention efforts, including increasing methadone treatment and access to sterile syringes. The need to address sexual risk behaviors in both locations was also indicated. Resources focusing on reducing HIV transmission in the Caribbean should include efforts to target the drug use-HIV epidemic in PR.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1525-4135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-7884</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/00126334-200408150-00010</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15247560</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSRET</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cities ; Cohort Studies ; Comparative analysis ; Drug abuse ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Hispanic Americans ; HIV ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - prevention & control ; HIV Infections - transmission ; HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human viral diseases ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Microbiology ; Miscellaneous ; New York City - epidemiology ; Puerto Rico - epidemiology ; Risk-Taking ; Sexual Behavior ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications ; Viral diseases ; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids ; Virology</subject><ispartof>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2004-08, Vol.36 (5), p.1067-1074</ispartof><rights>2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Aug 15, 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttp://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&NEWS=n&CSC=Y&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovft&AN=00126334-200408150-00010$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwolterskluwer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4607,27922,27923,65231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16008913$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15247560$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Deren, Sherry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Sung-Yeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colón, Hector M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andia, Jonny F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robles, Rafaela R</creatorcontrib><title>HIV Incidence Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Drug Users: A Comparison of East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico</title><title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</title><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><description>Significant differences in HIV-related risk behaviors have been found between Puerto Rican drug users in New York City (NY) and Puerto Rico (PR). An examination of HIV incidence rates and characteristics of seroconverters in each location was undertaken. Baseline and follow-up interviewing and HIV testing were conducted in 1998 to 2002 with seronegative Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs) and crack smokers from East Harlem, NY (n = 455) and Bayamón, PR (n = 268). There were a total of 32 seroconverters, 9 in NY and 23 in PR, for seroconversion rates of 0.88/100 person-years at risk (pyr; 95% CI, 0.31–1.45) in NY and 3.37/100 pyr (95% CI, 2.02–4.72) in PR (P < 0.001). In PR, variables significantly related to seroconversion were younger age and using shooting galleries. Being in methadone treatment was protective against seroconversion. In NY, crack use was significantly related to seroconversion. The higher seroconversion rate found in PR indicates a need to enhance HIV prevention efforts, including increasing methadone treatment and access to sterile syringes. The need to address sexual risk behaviors in both locations was also indicated. Resources focusing on reducing HIV transmission in the Caribbean should include efforts to target the drug use-HIV epidemic in PR.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Drug abuse</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hispanic Americans</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - prevention & control</subject><subject>HIV Infections - transmission</subject><subject>HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human viral diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>New York City - epidemiology</subject><subject>Puerto Rico - epidemiology</subject><subject>Risk-Taking</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior</subject><subject>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</subject><subject>Virology</subject><issn>1525-4135</issn><issn>1944-7884</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10d-K1DAUBvAgiruuvoIcBO-mevK3jXez4-oMLCqLK3hVTtt0pjttMyYtwz6Xj-CLGdgRvfEqh5wfX-ALY8DxDUebv0XkwkipMoGosOAaM0x3-Iidc6tUlheFepxmLXSmuNRn7FmMd0kYpexTdpYWKtcGz9lxvfkGm7HuGjfWDpaDH7ew7ra77KaLe_gyuzB5uOlqGuF9mLdwG12I72AJKz8cKHTRj-BbuKI4wZpC74YFfHJH-O7DfgE0NnBJ9zT8-jku_knzz9mTlvroXpzOC3b74errap1df_64WS2vs4NEi5kSptKUO-S5toq05nnLrRQmr2ztHFlqXYW5bQltW_G2rkVNjREFd7YRJOQFe_WQewj-x-ziVN75OYzpyVJIaVRhpEro5QnN1eCa8hC6gcJ9-aemBF6fAMWa-jZQaiz-dQaxsFwmpx7c0fdT6mnfz0cXyp2jftqV__s1-RuvyYY2</recordid><startdate>20040815</startdate><enddate>20040815</enddate><creator>Deren, Sherry</creator><creator>Kang, Sung-Yeon</creator><creator>Colón, Hector M</creator><creator>Andia, Jonny F</creator><creator>Robles, Rafaela R</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040815</creationdate><title>HIV Incidence Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Drug Users: A Comparison of East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico</title><author>Deren, Sherry ; Kang, Sung-Yeon ; Colón, Hector M ; Andia, Jonny F ; Robles, Rafaela R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p3090-426b5a7e017594a5517f193267b9ceea9afeb079fa09fb1fcc2cad6281e9d2a23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Drug abuse</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hispanic Americans</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Infections - prevention & control</topic><topic>HIV Infections - transmission</topic><topic>HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Human viral diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>New York City - epidemiology</topic><topic>Puerto Rico - epidemiology</topic><topic>Risk-Taking</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior</topic><topic>Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids</topic><topic>Virology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Deren, Sherry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Sung-Yeon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colón, Hector M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andia, Jonny F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robles, Rafaela R</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Deren, Sherry</au><au>Kang, Sung-Yeon</au><au>Colón, Hector M</au><au>Andia, Jonny F</au><au>Robles, Rafaela R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>HIV Incidence Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Drug Users: A Comparison of East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico</atitle><jtitle>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</jtitle><addtitle>J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</addtitle><date>2004-08-15</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1067</spage><epage>1074</epage><pages>1067-1074</pages><issn>1525-4135</issn><eissn>1944-7884</eissn><coden>JDSRET</coden><abstract>Significant differences in HIV-related risk behaviors have been found between Puerto Rican drug users in New York City (NY) and Puerto Rico (PR). An examination of HIV incidence rates and characteristics of seroconverters in each location was undertaken. Baseline and follow-up interviewing and HIV testing were conducted in 1998 to 2002 with seronegative Puerto Rican injection drug users (IDUs) and crack smokers from East Harlem, NY (n = 455) and Bayamón, PR (n = 268). There were a total of 32 seroconverters, 9 in NY and 23 in PR, for seroconversion rates of 0.88/100 person-years at risk (pyr; 95% CI, 0.31–1.45) in NY and 3.37/100 pyr (95% CI, 2.02–4.72) in PR (P < 0.001). In PR, variables significantly related to seroconversion were younger age and using shooting galleries. Being in methadone treatment was protective against seroconversion. In NY, crack use was significantly related to seroconversion. The higher seroconversion rate found in PR indicates a need to enhance HIV prevention efforts, including increasing methadone treatment and access to sterile syringes. The need to address sexual risk behaviors in both locations was also indicated. Resources focusing on reducing HIV transmission in the Caribbean should include efforts to target the drug use-HIV epidemic in PR.</abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</pub><pmid>15247560</pmid><doi>10.1097/00126334-200408150-00010</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Journals@Ovid LWW Legacy Archive; Journals@Ovid Complete; Free E- Journals |
| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences Cities Cohort Studies Comparative analysis Drug abuse Female Follow-Up Studies Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hispanic Americans HIV HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - prevention & control HIV Infections - transmission HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology Human immunodeficiency virus Human viral diseases Humans Infectious diseases Male Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous New York City - epidemiology Puerto Rico - epidemiology Risk-Taking Sexual Behavior Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications Viral diseases Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids Virology |
| title | HIV Incidence Among High-Risk Puerto Rican Drug Users: A Comparison of East Harlem, New York, and Bayamón, Puerto Rico |
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