Variability of the Thermohaline Field in a Large Tropical, Well-Mixed Estuary: the Influence of an Extreme Draught Event

Todos os Santos Bay (BTS) is one of eleven large estuaries along the semi-arid Brazilian northeast coast. It is a positive, well-mixed estuary undergoing progressive fresh water limitations due to natural climatic processes and direct human intervention to the fluvial hydrology. This study investiga...

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Veröffentlicht in:Estuaries and coasts 2019-12, Vol.42 (8), p.2020-2037
Hauptverfasser: Lessa, Guilherme C., Mariani, Rafael, Fonseca, Lucas
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container_end_page 2037
container_issue 8
container_start_page 2020
container_title Estuaries and coasts
container_volume 42
creator Lessa, Guilherme C.
Mariani, Rafael
Fonseca, Lucas
description Todos os Santos Bay (BTS) is one of eleven large estuaries along the semi-arid Brazilian northeast coast. It is a positive, well-mixed estuary undergoing progressive fresh water limitations due to natural climatic processes and direct human intervention to the fluvial hydrology. This study investigates the variability of the thermohaline field along three water years (2013–2015) that encompassed close-to-normal hydric conditions and the most severe regional drought in the historical record. Moored temperature and conductivity sensors, monthly CTD profiling along the bay axis, and historical records of meteorology and river discharges showed that the seasonal oscillations of the thermohaline field are 2- to 3-fold larger than higher, tidal frequency oscillations, and that BTS becomes a seasonally negative, hypersaline estuary during a drought. Also, a density plug and inverse estuarine circulation can arise with a delay of the rainy season. Negative ecological impacts have been associated with such hydrographic conditions. Long-term climatic trends and future climatic projections indicate that the BTS and its catchment area may undergo more frequent and acute droughts, suggesting that the bay may often become a seasonally negative estuary.
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subjects Archives & records
Aridity
Brackishwater environment
Catchment area
Catchment areas
Coastal Sciences
Conductivity sensors
Drought
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Environment
Environmental Management
Estuaries
Estuarine dynamics
Fresh water
Freshwater
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Hydrology
Inland water environment
Meteorology
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Oscillations
Rainy season
Rivers
Tidal oscillations
Tropical climate
Variability
Water and Health
Wet season
title Variability of the Thermohaline Field in a Large Tropical, Well-Mixed Estuary: the Influence of an Extreme Draught Event
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