Effects of reaction conditions and organic sulfur compounds on coke formation and HZSM-5 catalyst performance during jet propellant fuel (JP-8) cracking
Coke formation and catalytic performance under various conditions, such as reaction period, temperature, presence of carrier gas and organic sulfur compounds in the feed, were investigated for JP-8 cracking over HZSM-5 catalysts. The spent HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorpt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Fuel (Guildford) 2020-01, Vol.259, p.116240, Article 116240 |
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| creator | Kim, Sungtak Sasmaz, Erdem Pogaku, Ravindra Lauterbach, Jochen |
| description | Coke formation and catalytic performance under various conditions, such as reaction period, temperature, presence of carrier gas and organic sulfur compounds in the feed, were investigated for JP-8 cracking over HZSM-5 catalysts. The spent HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A significant loss of surface area and pore volume appeared in the initial period of the cracking reaction, owing to coke formation. Complex, aromatic structured coke formed and deposited on the surface the HZSM-5 catalyst. This resulted in high carbon content, carbon burn-off at higher temperatures, and a change in morphology to less well-defined shapes. As the reaction temperature increased, the aromaticity of the coke species increased, thereby resulting in the coke species having more carbon content and a lower H/C ratio. Furthermore, the absence of a carrier gas gave rise to faster catalyst deactivation and lower LPG yield. Surrogate JP-8 fuel experiments revealed that the aromatic sulfur compounds in the feed do not degrade the catalytic activity by sulfur poisoning, but rather by accelerated coke formation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116240 |
| format | Article |
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The spent HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A significant loss of surface area and pore volume appeared in the initial period of the cracking reaction, owing to coke formation. Complex, aromatic structured coke formed and deposited on the surface the HZSM-5 catalyst. This resulted in high carbon content, carbon burn-off at higher temperatures, and a change in morphology to less well-defined shapes. As the reaction temperature increased, the aromaticity of the coke species increased, thereby resulting in the coke species having more carbon content and a lower H/C ratio. Furthermore, the absence of a carrier gas gave rise to faster catalyst deactivation and lower LPG yield. Surrogate JP-8 fuel experiments revealed that the aromatic sulfur compounds in the feed do not degrade the catalytic activity by sulfur poisoning, but rather by accelerated coke formation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-2361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-7153</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116240</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Aromatic compounds ; Aromaticity ; Carbon ; Carbon content ; Carrier gases ; Catalysts ; Catalytic activity ; Coke ; Coking ; Cracking (chemical engineering) ; Deactivation ; Fourier transforms ; Fuels ; HZSM-5 ; JP-8 cracking ; Liquefied petroleum gas ; Morphology ; Organosulfur compounds ; Oxidation ; Photoelectron spectroscopy ; Photoelectrons ; Shape recognition ; Sulfur ; Sulfur compounds ; Sulfur poisoning ; Surrogate JP-8 ; Temperature ; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy ; X ray powder diffraction</subject><ispartof>Fuel (Guildford), 2020-01, Vol.259, p.116240, Article 116240</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Jan 1, 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-2bb134d70933bc06b5ece67ab162ad7e7974b35114d2343a698005e233a8f24b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-2bb134d70933bc06b5ece67ab162ad7e7974b35114d2343a698005e233a8f24b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8303-7703 ; 0000-0002-4861-9406</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116240$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sungtak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasmaz, Erdem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pogaku, Ravindra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauterbach, Jochen</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of reaction conditions and organic sulfur compounds on coke formation and HZSM-5 catalyst performance during jet propellant fuel (JP-8) cracking</title><title>Fuel (Guildford)</title><description>Coke formation and catalytic performance under various conditions, such as reaction period, temperature, presence of carrier gas and organic sulfur compounds in the feed, were investigated for JP-8 cracking over HZSM-5 catalysts. The spent HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A significant loss of surface area and pore volume appeared in the initial period of the cracking reaction, owing to coke formation. Complex, aromatic structured coke formed and deposited on the surface the HZSM-5 catalyst. This resulted in high carbon content, carbon burn-off at higher temperatures, and a change in morphology to less well-defined shapes. As the reaction temperature increased, the aromaticity of the coke species increased, thereby resulting in the coke species having more carbon content and a lower H/C ratio. Furthermore, the absence of a carrier gas gave rise to faster catalyst deactivation and lower LPG yield. Surrogate JP-8 fuel experiments revealed that the aromatic sulfur compounds in the feed do not degrade the catalytic activity by sulfur poisoning, but rather by accelerated coke formation.</description><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Aromaticity</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon content</subject><subject>Carrier gases</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Catalytic activity</subject><subject>Coke</subject><subject>Coking</subject><subject>Cracking (chemical engineering)</subject><subject>Deactivation</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Fuels</subject><subject>HZSM-5</subject><subject>JP-8 cracking</subject><subject>Liquefied petroleum gas</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Organosulfur compounds</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>Photoelectrons</subject><subject>Shape recognition</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>Sulfur compounds</subject><subject>Sulfur poisoning</subject><subject>Surrogate JP-8</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</subject><subject>X ray powder diffraction</subject><issn>0016-2361</issn><issn>1873-7153</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kbtOBCEYhYnRxHX1BaxIbLSYlctcExtjvEajidrYEAZ-DOMsrDBjsm_i48q41lYQ_u_A4RyEDilZUELL025hRugXjNBmQWnJcrKFZrSueFbRgm-jGUlUxnhJd9FejB0hpKqLfIa-L40BNUTsDQ4g1WC9w8o7baddxNJp7MO7dFbhOPZmDGm6XPnR6aSZ0A_Axoel_FVO-M3b80NWYCUH2a_jgFcQfgGnAOsxWPeOO0jHwa-g76Ub8OQdH989ZfUJVkGqj8Tsox0j-wgHf-scvV5dvlzcZPeP17cX5_eZykkzZKxtKc91RRrOW0XKtgAFZSXbFILUFVRNlbe8oDTXjOdclk1NSAGMc1kblkZzdLS5N_n5HCEOovNjcOlJwThlBWkYbxLFNpQKPsYARqyCXcqwFpSIqQHRiekXYmpAbBpIorONCJL_LwtBRGUhxaBtSJkL7e1_8h9ra5AS</recordid><startdate>20200101</startdate><enddate>20200101</enddate><creator>Kim, Sungtak</creator><creator>Sasmaz, Erdem</creator><creator>Pogaku, Ravindra</creator><creator>Lauterbach, Jochen</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8303-7703</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4861-9406</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200101</creationdate><title>Effects of reaction conditions and organic sulfur compounds on coke formation and HZSM-5 catalyst performance during jet propellant fuel (JP-8) cracking</title><author>Kim, Sungtak ; Sasmaz, Erdem ; Pogaku, Ravindra ; Lauterbach, Jochen</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-2bb134d70933bc06b5ece67ab162ad7e7974b35114d2343a698005e233a8f24b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aromatic compounds</topic><topic>Aromaticity</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon content</topic><topic>Carrier gases</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Catalytic activity</topic><topic>Coke</topic><topic>Coking</topic><topic>Cracking (chemical engineering)</topic><topic>Deactivation</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Fuels</topic><topic>HZSM-5</topic><topic>JP-8 cracking</topic><topic>Liquefied petroleum gas</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Organosulfur compounds</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Photoelectron spectroscopy</topic><topic>Photoelectrons</topic><topic>Shape recognition</topic><topic>Sulfur</topic><topic>Sulfur compounds</topic><topic>Sulfur poisoning</topic><topic>Surrogate JP-8</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>X ray photoelectron spectroscopy</topic><topic>X ray powder diffraction</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, Sungtak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sasmaz, Erdem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pogaku, Ravindra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lauterbach, Jochen</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Sungtak</au><au>Sasmaz, Erdem</au><au>Pogaku, Ravindra</au><au>Lauterbach, Jochen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of reaction conditions and organic sulfur compounds on coke formation and HZSM-5 catalyst performance during jet propellant fuel (JP-8) cracking</atitle><jtitle>Fuel (Guildford)</jtitle><date>2020-01-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>259</volume><spage>116240</spage><pages>116240-</pages><artnum>116240</artnum><issn>0016-2361</issn><eissn>1873-7153</eissn><abstract>Coke formation and catalytic performance under various conditions, such as reaction period, temperature, presence of carrier gas and organic sulfur compounds in the feed, were investigated for JP-8 cracking over HZSM-5 catalysts. The spent HZSM-5 catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), Temperature programmed oxidation (TPO), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A significant loss of surface area and pore volume appeared in the initial period of the cracking reaction, owing to coke formation. Complex, aromatic structured coke formed and deposited on the surface the HZSM-5 catalyst. This resulted in high carbon content, carbon burn-off at higher temperatures, and a change in morphology to less well-defined shapes. As the reaction temperature increased, the aromaticity of the coke species increased, thereby resulting in the coke species having more carbon content and a lower H/C ratio. Furthermore, the absence of a carrier gas gave rise to faster catalyst deactivation and lower LPG yield. Surrogate JP-8 fuel experiments revealed that the aromatic sulfur compounds in the feed do not degrade the catalytic activity by sulfur poisoning, but rather by accelerated coke formation.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116240</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8303-7703</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4861-9406</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aromatic compounds Aromaticity Carbon Carbon content Carrier gases Catalysts Catalytic activity Coke Coking Cracking (chemical engineering) Deactivation Fourier transforms Fuels HZSM-5 JP-8 cracking Liquefied petroleum gas Morphology Organosulfur compounds Oxidation Photoelectron spectroscopy Photoelectrons Shape recognition Sulfur Sulfur compounds Sulfur poisoning Surrogate JP-8 Temperature X ray photoelectron spectroscopy X ray powder diffraction |
| title | Effects of reaction conditions and organic sulfur compounds on coke formation and HZSM-5 catalyst performance during jet propellant fuel (JP-8) cracking |
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