Gas Transfer of Metals during the Destruction of Efflorescent Sulfates from the Belovo Plant Sulfide Slag, Russia
This paper demonstrates the results of experiments for the determination of the composition of gases during the dehydration of sulfates (Na-jarosite, melanterite, and chalcanthite) collected at the surface of pyrometallurgical waste heaps. The volatilization of various elements, and vapor–gas phase...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Minerals (Basel) 2019-06, Vol.9 (6), p.344 |
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| creator | Bortnikova, Svetlana Abrosimova, Natalya Yurkevich, Nataliya Zvereva, Valentina Devyatova, Anna Gaskova, Olga Saeva, Olga Korneeva, Tatyana Shuvaeva, Olga Pal’chik, Nadezhda Chernukhin, Valery Reutsky, Alexander |
| description | This paper demonstrates the results of experiments for the determination of the composition of gases during the dehydration of sulfates (Na-jarosite, melanterite, and chalcanthite) collected at the surface of pyrometallurgical waste heaps. The volatilization of various elements, and vapor–gas phase transport from three sulfate groups were investigated by stepwise laboratory heating at 45, 55, and 65 °C. The sample of yellow efflorescence mainly consisted of Na-jarosite, the white efflorescence contained melanterite as the major mineral, and the blue efflorescence sample consisted of chalcanthite. These all contained a few impurities up to 5 %. The highest total dissolved solids (TDS) was found in the gas condensates from melanterite (59 mg/L), followed by chalcanthite (29 mg/L) and Na-jarosite (17 mg/L). It was determined that major and trace elements in the condensate can be trapped by water vapor and can migrate with the vapor phase during the desorption and dehydration of hydrous sulfates. X-ray diffractograms showed that Na-jarosite remained stable throughout the temperature range, whilst the separation of melanterite’s structural water occurred at 40 °C, and chalcanthite completely lost two water molecules at 50 °C. The gas condensates contained acetates and formates, which could be the fermentation products of bacterial communities. Some of the strains—Micrococcaceae sp., Bacillus sp., and Microbacteriaceae sp.—were cultivated. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/min9060344 |
| format | Article |
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The volatilization of various elements, and vapor–gas phase transport from three sulfate groups were investigated by stepwise laboratory heating at 45, 55, and 65 °C. The sample of yellow efflorescence mainly consisted of Na-jarosite, the white efflorescence contained melanterite as the major mineral, and the blue efflorescence sample consisted of chalcanthite. These all contained a few impurities up to 5 %. The highest total dissolved solids (TDS) was found in the gas condensates from melanterite (59 mg/L), followed by chalcanthite (29 mg/L) and Na-jarosite (17 mg/L). It was determined that major and trace elements in the condensate can be trapped by water vapor and can migrate with the vapor phase during the desorption and dehydration of hydrous sulfates. X-ray diffractograms showed that Na-jarosite remained stable throughout the temperature range, whilst the separation of melanterite’s structural water occurred at 40 °C, and chalcanthite completely lost two water molecules at 50 °C. The gas condensates contained acetates and formates, which could be the fermentation products of bacterial communities. Some of the strains—Micrococcaceae sp., Bacillus sp., and Microbacteriaceae sp.—were cultivated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2075-163X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/min9060344</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Acetates ; Acetic acid ; Acid mine drainage ; Admixtures ; Barium ; Cadmium ; Calcium ; Chemical elements ; Condensates ; Copper ; Dehydration ; Drainage ; Efflorescence ; Elements ; Evaporation ; Fermentation ; Formates ; Fourier transforms ; Gas condensates ; Gas exchange ; Gases ; Geology ; Humidity ; Hydrologic cycle ; Hydrological cycle ; Impurities ; Iron ; Jarosite ; Laboratories ; Manganese ; Metallurgy ; Metals ; Mineralogy ; Minerals ; Morphology ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Organic chemistry ; Organic compounds ; Oxidation ; Rehydration ; Slag ; Sodium ; Standard deviation ; Strontium ; Sulfates ; Sulfides ; Sulfur ; Sulphates ; Sulphides ; Temperature ; Total dissolved solids ; Trace elements ; Water vapor ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Minerals (Basel), 2019-06, Vol.9 (6), p.344</ispartof><rights>2019. 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Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c225t-c28ba3ecfdca921d2f571dafcbab43f221d68bc6524ae07fc47c2c117003cfb33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c225t-c28ba3ecfdca921d2f571dafcbab43f221d68bc6524ae07fc47c2c117003cfb33</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3885-5015 ; 0000-0001-8337-9148 ; 0000-0002-1516-5241</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bortnikova, Svetlana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abrosimova, Natalya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yurkevich, Nataliya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zvereva, Valentina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devyatova, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaskova, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeva, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Korneeva, Tatyana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shuvaeva, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal’chik, Nadezhda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chernukhin, Valery</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reutsky, Alexander</creatorcontrib><title>Gas Transfer of Metals during the Destruction of Efflorescent Sulfates from the Belovo Plant Sulfide Slag, Russia</title><title>Minerals (Basel)</title><description>This paper demonstrates the results of experiments for the determination of the composition of gases during the dehydration of sulfates (Na-jarosite, melanterite, and chalcanthite) collected at the surface of pyrometallurgical waste heaps. The volatilization of various elements, and vapor–gas phase transport from three sulfate groups were investigated by stepwise laboratory heating at 45, 55, and 65 °C. The sample of yellow efflorescence mainly consisted of Na-jarosite, the white efflorescence contained melanterite as the major mineral, and the blue efflorescence sample consisted of chalcanthite. These all contained a few impurities up to 5 %. The highest total dissolved solids (TDS) was found in the gas condensates from melanterite (59 mg/L), followed by chalcanthite (29 mg/L) and Na-jarosite (17 mg/L). It was determined that major and trace elements in the condensate can be trapped by water vapor and can migrate with the vapor phase during the desorption and dehydration of hydrous sulfates. X-ray diffractograms showed that Na-jarosite remained stable throughout the temperature range, whilst the separation of melanterite’s structural water occurred at 40 °C, and chalcanthite completely lost two water molecules at 50 °C. The gas condensates contained acetates and formates, which could be the fermentation products of bacterial communities. Some of the strains—Micrococcaceae sp., Bacillus sp., and Microbacteriaceae sp.—were cultivated.</description><subject>Acetates</subject><subject>Acetic acid</subject><subject>Acid mine drainage</subject><subject>Admixtures</subject><subject>Barium</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Chemical elements</subject><subject>Condensates</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Dehydration</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>Efflorescence</subject><subject>Elements</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>Fermentation</subject><subject>Formates</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Gas condensates</subject><subject>Gas exchange</subject><subject>Gases</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Hydrologic cycle</subject><subject>Hydrological cycle</subject><subject>Impurities</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Jarosite</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Manganese</subject><subject>Metallurgy</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Mineralogy</subject><subject>Minerals</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Nitrogen dioxide</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Organic compounds</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Rehydration</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Standard deviation</subject><subject>Strontium</subject><subject>Sulfates</subject><subject>Sulfides</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>Sulphates</subject><subject>Sulphides</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Total dissolved solids</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Water 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Transfer of Metals during the Destruction of Efflorescent Sulfates from the Belovo Plant Sulfide Slag, Russia</title><author>Bortnikova, Svetlana ; Abrosimova, Natalya ; Yurkevich, Nataliya ; Zvereva, Valentina ; Devyatova, Anna ; Gaskova, Olga ; Saeva, Olga ; Korneeva, Tatyana ; Shuvaeva, Olga ; Pal’chik, Nadezhda ; Chernukhin, Valery ; Reutsky, Alexander</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c225t-c28ba3ecfdca921d2f571dafcbab43f221d68bc6524ae07fc47c2c117003cfb33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Acetates</topic><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Acid mine drainage</topic><topic>Admixtures</topic><topic>Barium</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Calcium</topic><topic>Chemical elements</topic><topic>Condensates</topic><topic>Copper</topic><topic>Dehydration</topic><topic>Drainage</topic><topic>Efflorescence</topic><topic>Elements</topic><topic>Evaporation</topic><topic>Fermentation</topic><topic>Formates</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Gas condensates</topic><topic>Gas exchange</topic><topic>Gases</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Humidity</topic><topic>Hydrologic cycle</topic><topic>Hydrological cycle</topic><topic>Impurities</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Jarosite</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Manganese</topic><topic>Metallurgy</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Mineralogy</topic><topic>Minerals</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Nitrogen dioxide</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Organic compounds</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Rehydration</topic><topic>Slag</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Standard deviation</topic><topic>Strontium</topic><topic>Sulfates</topic><topic>Sulfides</topic><topic>Sulfur</topic><topic>Sulphates</topic><topic>Sulphides</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Total dissolved solids</topic><topic>Trace elements</topic><topic>Water vapor</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bortnikova, Svetlana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abrosimova, Natalya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yurkevich, Nataliya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zvereva, Valentina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devyatova, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaskova, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeva, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Korneeva, Tatyana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shuvaeva, Olga</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal’chik, Nadezhda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chernukhin, Valery</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reutsky, 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(Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bortnikova, Svetlana</au><au>Abrosimova, Natalya</au><au>Yurkevich, Nataliya</au><au>Zvereva, Valentina</au><au>Devyatova, Anna</au><au>Gaskova, Olga</au><au>Saeva, Olga</au><au>Korneeva, Tatyana</au><au>Shuvaeva, Olga</au><au>Pal’chik, Nadezhda</au><au>Chernukhin, Valery</au><au>Reutsky, Alexander</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gas Transfer of Metals during the Destruction of Efflorescent Sulfates from the Belovo Plant Sulfide Slag, Russia</atitle><jtitle>Minerals (Basel)</jtitle><date>2019-06-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>344</spage><pages>344-</pages><issn>2075-163X</issn><eissn>2075-163X</eissn><abstract>This paper demonstrates the results of experiments for the determination of the composition of gases during the dehydration of sulfates (Na-jarosite, melanterite, and chalcanthite) collected at the surface of pyrometallurgical waste heaps. The volatilization of various elements, and vapor–gas phase transport from three sulfate groups were investigated by stepwise laboratory heating at 45, 55, and 65 °C. The sample of yellow efflorescence mainly consisted of Na-jarosite, the white efflorescence contained melanterite as the major mineral, and the blue efflorescence sample consisted of chalcanthite. These all contained a few impurities up to 5 %. The highest total dissolved solids (TDS) was found in the gas condensates from melanterite (59 mg/L), followed by chalcanthite (29 mg/L) and Na-jarosite (17 mg/L). It was determined that major and trace elements in the condensate can be trapped by water vapor and can migrate with the vapor phase during the desorption and dehydration of hydrous sulfates. X-ray diffractograms showed that Na-jarosite remained stable throughout the temperature range, whilst the separation of melanterite’s structural water occurred at 40 °C, and chalcanthite completely lost two water molecules at 50 °C. The gas condensates contained acetates and formates, which could be the fermentation products of bacterial communities. Some of the strains—Micrococcaceae sp., Bacillus sp., and Microbacteriaceae sp.—were cultivated.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/min9060344</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-5015</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-9148</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-5241</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acetates Acetic acid Acid mine drainage Admixtures Barium Cadmium Calcium Chemical elements Condensates Copper Dehydration Drainage Efflorescence Elements Evaporation Fermentation Formates Fourier transforms Gas condensates Gas exchange Gases Geology Humidity Hydrologic cycle Hydrological cycle Impurities Iron Jarosite Laboratories Manganese Metallurgy Metals Mineralogy Minerals Morphology Nitrogen dioxide Organic chemistry Organic compounds Oxidation Rehydration Slag Sodium Standard deviation Strontium Sulfates Sulfides Sulfur Sulphates Sulphides Temperature Total dissolved solids Trace elements Water vapor Zinc |
| title | Gas Transfer of Metals during the Destruction of Efflorescent Sulfates from the Belovo Plant Sulfide Slag, Russia |
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