Effects of residual stand density on growth and volume production in even-aged red maple stands
The effects of five residual stand densities (9.2, 13.8, 16.1, 18.4 m2/ha, and an unthinned control (27.2 m2/ha)) on 10-year stand and crop tree growth and bole quality were studied in an even-aged red maple stand in Michigan. A secondary treatment of removing the understory trees (5-10 cm DBH) was...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Canadian journal of forest research 2000-03, Vol.30 (3), p.372-378 |
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| creator | Strong, T.F Erdmann, G.G |
| description | The effects of five residual stand densities (9.2, 13.8, 16.1, 18.4 m2/ha, and an unthinned control (27.2 m2/ha)) on 10-year stand and crop tree growth and bole quality were studied in an even-aged red maple stand in Michigan. A secondary treatment of removing the understory trees (5-10 cm DBH) was applied on half the plots. Diameter growth was significantly greater in all cutting treatments than in the control. Ten-year diameter growth in the heaviest cut treatment was nearly three times that of the control. The interaction between understory removal treatments and density treatments was significant for net basal area growth. Ingrowth in the heavier cut treatments accounted for a significant portion of net basal area growth in the plots without understory removal. Mortality was highest in the control and lowest in the heavier cut treatments. Epicormic branching significantly reduced clear bole length of crop trees in the heavier cut treatments, especially when the understory was removed. For these reasons, a more conservative first entry thinning level of about 17-18 m2/ha without controlling the understory is recommended for even-aged red maple stands. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1139/x99-216 |
| format | Article |
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A secondary treatment of removing the understory trees (5-10 cm DBH) was applied on half the plots. Diameter growth was significantly greater in all cutting treatments than in the control. Ten-year diameter growth in the heaviest cut treatment was nearly three times that of the control. The interaction between understory removal treatments and density treatments was significant for net basal area growth. Ingrowth in the heavier cut treatments accounted for a significant portion of net basal area growth in the plots without understory removal. Mortality was highest in the control and lowest in the heavier cut treatments. Epicormic branching significantly reduced clear bole length of crop trees in the heavier cut treatments, especially when the understory was removed. For these reasons, a more conservative first entry thinning level of about 17-18 m2/ha without controlling the understory is recommended for even-aged red maple stands.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0045-5067</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1208-6037</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1139/x99-216</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CJFRAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ottawa, Canada: NRC Research Press</publisher><subject>Acer rubrum ; basal area ; Biological and medical sciences ; biomass production ; branching ; diameter ; Forest management ; Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration ; Forestry ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; growth ; Maple ; mortality ; quality ; stand characteristics ; stand density ; Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration ; thinning ; tree age ; understory ; vegetation management ; volume</subject><ispartof>Canadian journal of forest research, 2000-03, Vol.30 (3), p.372-378</ispartof><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright National Research Council of Canada Mar 2000</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c315t-857d9b791171cc480d5d3247ac37f58b8cdcf5c6d6f7607948a59afdfc3c34db3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c315t-857d9b791171cc480d5d3247ac37f58b8cdcf5c6d6f7607948a59afdfc3c34db3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1357751$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Strong, T.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erdmann, G.G</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of residual stand density on growth and volume production in even-aged red maple stands</title><title>Canadian journal of forest research</title><addtitle>Revue canadienne de recherche forestière</addtitle><description>The effects of five residual stand densities (9.2, 13.8, 16.1, 18.4 m2/ha, and an unthinned control (27.2 m2/ha)) on 10-year stand and crop tree growth and bole quality were studied in an even-aged red maple stand in Michigan. A secondary treatment of removing the understory trees (5-10 cm DBH) was applied on half the plots. Diameter growth was significantly greater in all cutting treatments than in the control. Ten-year diameter growth in the heaviest cut treatment was nearly three times that of the control. The interaction between understory removal treatments and density treatments was significant for net basal area growth. Ingrowth in the heavier cut treatments accounted for a significant portion of net basal area growth in the plots without understory removal. Mortality was highest in the control and lowest in the heavier cut treatments. Epicormic branching significantly reduced clear bole length of crop trees in the heavier cut treatments, especially when the understory was removed. For these reasons, a more conservative first entry thinning level of about 17-18 m2/ha without controlling the understory is recommended for even-aged red maple stands.</description><subject>Acer rubrum</subject><subject>basal area</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biomass production</subject><subject>branching</subject><subject>diameter</subject><subject>Forest management</subject><subject>Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>growth</subject><subject>Maple</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>quality</subject><subject>stand characteristics</subject><subject>stand density</subject><subject>Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration</subject><subject>thinning</subject><subject>tree age</subject><subject>understory</subject><subject>vegetation management</subject><subject>volume</subject><issn>0045-5067</issn><issn>1208-6037</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kN1qGzEQRkVpoa5b-ggRITQQ2Ha0Wq12L4vJHxhykfpayCPJWbOWHGnXad6-CjY1JORqYOZw5uMj5DuDn4zx9tffti1KVn8gE1ZCU9TA5UcyAahEIaCWn8mXlNYAwGsOE6IunbM4JBocjTZ1ZtQ9TYP2hhrrUzc80-DpKoan4YG-bHehHzeWbmMwIw5dPnae2p31hV5Zkx2GbvS2t3tJ-ko-Od0n--0wp2RxdflndlPM765vZ7_nBXImhqIR0rRL2TImGWLVgBGGl5XUyKUTzbJBg05gbWona5Bt1WjRamcccuSVWfIp-bH35mCPo02D2nQJbd9rb8OYFKtEBbySGTx9Ba7DGH3OpkoOomRSsgyd7yGMIaVondrGbqPjs2KgXlpWuWWVW87k2UGnE-reRe2xS0ecCykFO8bzEXPNVkd8-A8dXGprXAYv3gffPj_Zw04HpVcxP17cl8A4lG0pWC35P0CHoNo</recordid><startdate>20000301</startdate><enddate>20000301</enddate><creator>Strong, T.F</creator><creator>Erdmann, G.G</creator><general>NRC Research Press</general><general>National Research Council of Canada</general><general>Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RQ</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FQ</scope><scope>8FV</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M3G</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000301</creationdate><title>Effects of residual stand density on growth and volume production in even-aged red maple stands</title><author>Strong, T.F ; Erdmann, G.G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c315t-857d9b791171cc480d5d3247ac37f58b8cdcf5c6d6f7607948a59afdfc3c34db3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>Acer rubrum</topic><topic>basal area</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biomass production</topic><topic>branching</topic><topic>diameter</topic><topic>Forest management</topic><topic>Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>growth</topic><topic>Maple</topic><topic>mortality</topic><topic>quality</topic><topic>stand characteristics</topic><topic>stand density</topic><topic>Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration</topic><topic>thinning</topic><topic>tree age</topic><topic>understory</topic><topic>vegetation management</topic><topic>volume</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Strong, T.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erdmann, G.G</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Career & Technical Education Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database</collection><collection>Canadian Business & Current Affairs Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>CBCA Reference & Current Events</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Canadian journal of forest research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Strong, T.F</au><au>Erdmann, G.G</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of residual stand density on growth and volume production in even-aged red maple stands</atitle><jtitle>Canadian journal of forest research</jtitle><addtitle>Revue canadienne de recherche forestière</addtitle><date>2000-03-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>372</spage><epage>378</epage><pages>372-378</pages><issn>0045-5067</issn><eissn>1208-6037</eissn><coden>CJFRAR</coden><abstract>The effects of five residual stand densities (9.2, 13.8, 16.1, 18.4 m2/ha, and an unthinned control (27.2 m2/ha)) on 10-year stand and crop tree growth and bole quality were studied in an even-aged red maple stand in Michigan. A secondary treatment of removing the understory trees (5-10 cm DBH) was applied on half the plots. Diameter growth was significantly greater in all cutting treatments than in the control. Ten-year diameter growth in the heaviest cut treatment was nearly three times that of the control. The interaction between understory removal treatments and density treatments was significant for net basal area growth. Ingrowth in the heavier cut treatments accounted for a significant portion of net basal area growth in the plots without understory removal. Mortality was highest in the control and lowest in the heavier cut treatments. Epicormic branching significantly reduced clear bole length of crop trees in the heavier cut treatments, especially when the understory was removed. For these reasons, a more conservative first entry thinning level of about 17-18 m2/ha without controlling the understory is recommended for even-aged red maple stands.</abstract><cop>Ottawa, Canada</cop><pub>NRC Research Press</pub><doi>10.1139/x99-216</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Canadian journal of forest research, 2000-03, Vol.30 (3), p.372-378 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Acer rubrum basal area Biological and medical sciences biomass production branching diameter Forest management Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration Forestry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology growth Maple mortality quality stand characteristics stand density Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration thinning tree age understory vegetation management volume |
| title | Effects of residual stand density on growth and volume production in even-aged red maple stands |
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