The potential of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines with different EGR rates

•DMC10 had a better BTE than diesel.•DMC combined with EGR could simultaneously reduce PM and NOX.•A small amount of DMC (20%) significantly reduced the soot by 80%.•DMC increased the retardation period, resulting in an increase in pressure rise rate.•DMC20 had the best combustion performance combin...

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