Size‐dependent investment in tusk length, testis size and sperm length in a biparental geotrupid beetle
Males of extreme small or large sizes often experience different levels of pre‐ and postcopulatory sexual selection that result in alternative ways to gain fertilization success. Here, we investigated such alternative mating tactics in Lethrus apterus, a biparental geotrupid beetle species with noti...
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description | Males of extreme small or large sizes often experience different levels of pre‐ and postcopulatory sexual selection that result in alternative ways to gain fertilization success. Here, we investigated such alternative mating tactics in Lethrus apterus, a biparental geotrupid beetle species with noticeable intermale size variation by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length between large and small males. Firstly, we demonstrated evidence for male polymorphism as extremely large males had longer tusks relative to their body size than extremely small individuals. Secondly, large males had bigger testes than small males throughout the breeding season, however, a significant decrease was observed over time in large but not in small individuals. Thirdly, sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. Although these results do not explain how the observed large body size variation can be maintained in L. apterus, the non allometric relationship found between tusk length and body size and the lower decrease in testis size over the breeding season in case of small individuals might refer to the presence of alternative mating tactics in this species.
In species with significant intermale size variation, small individuals are often expected to adopt alternative mating tactics to ensure reproduction, for example by investing less in their pre‐ and more in their postcopulatory reproductive traits. We investigated this pattern in a biparental beetle, Lethrus apterus by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length of extremely large and small males. We showed that males in this species are polymorphic in respect to tusk length as large individuals possess longer tusks relative to their body size. However, contrary to our predictions, large individuals also had relatively bigger testes than small ones and sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. These results do not explain the observed body size variation in this species, but indicate that tusk length and testis size depend mostly on individual condition, while sperm may have an optimal length regardless of body size. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jzo.12704 |
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In species with significant intermale size variation, small individuals are often expected to adopt alternative mating tactics to ensure reproduction, for example by investing less in their pre‐ and more in their postcopulatory reproductive traits. We investigated this pattern in a biparental beetle, Lethrus apterus by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length of extremely large and small males. We showed that males in this species are polymorphic in respect to tusk length as large individuals possess longer tusks relative to their body size. However, contrary to our predictions, large individuals also had relatively bigger testes than small ones and sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. These results do not explain the observed body size variation in this species, but indicate that tusk length and testis size depend mostly on individual condition, while sperm may have an optimal length regardless of body size.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0952-8369</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-7998</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12704</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Allometry ; Animal behavior ; Biological fertilization ; Body size ; Breeding ; Breeding seasons ; Fertilization ; Geotrupidae ; insects ; Length ; Lethrus apterus ; Males ; Mandible ; Mating ; Polymorphism ; Reproductive behaviour ; reproductive strategies ; Sexual selection ; Sperm ; sperm competition ; Spermatozoa ; Tactics ; Teeth ; Testes ; testis size</subject><ispartof>Journal of zoology (1987), 2019-10, Vol.309 (2), p.106-113</ispartof><rights>2019 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Zoological Society of London.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 The Zoological Society of London</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3324-8ba3a20442aa52f7ac5139d0b48a80e68be5850bb9e9f84d5dc77f46a428b8563</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3324-8ba3a20442aa52f7ac5139d0b48a80e68be5850bb9e9f84d5dc77f46a428b8563</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5103-1670</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjzo.12704$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjzo.12704$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rosa, M. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiss, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barta, Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kosztolányi, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Size‐dependent investment in tusk length, testis size and sperm length in a biparental geotrupid beetle</title><title>Journal of zoology (1987)</title><description>Males of extreme small or large sizes often experience different levels of pre‐ and postcopulatory sexual selection that result in alternative ways to gain fertilization success. Here, we investigated such alternative mating tactics in Lethrus apterus, a biparental geotrupid beetle species with noticeable intermale size variation by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length between large and small males. Firstly, we demonstrated evidence for male polymorphism as extremely large males had longer tusks relative to their body size than extremely small individuals. Secondly, large males had bigger testes than small males throughout the breeding season, however, a significant decrease was observed over time in large but not in small individuals. Thirdly, sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. Although these results do not explain how the observed large body size variation can be maintained in L. apterus, the non allometric relationship found between tusk length and body size and the lower decrease in testis size over the breeding season in case of small individuals might refer to the presence of alternative mating tactics in this species.
In species with significant intermale size variation, small individuals are often expected to adopt alternative mating tactics to ensure reproduction, for example by investing less in their pre‐ and more in their postcopulatory reproductive traits. We investigated this pattern in a biparental beetle, Lethrus apterus by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length of extremely large and small males. We showed that males in this species are polymorphic in respect to tusk length as large individuals possess longer tusks relative to their body size. However, contrary to our predictions, large individuals also had relatively bigger testes than small ones and sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. These results do not explain the observed body size variation in this species, but indicate that tusk length and testis size depend mostly on individual condition, while sperm may have an optimal length regardless of body size.</description><subject>Allometry</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Biological fertilization</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Breeding seasons</subject><subject>Fertilization</subject><subject>Geotrupidae</subject><subject>insects</subject><subject>Length</subject><subject>Lethrus apterus</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Mandible</subject><subject>Mating</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Reproductive behaviour</subject><subject>reproductive strategies</subject><subject>Sexual selection</subject><subject>Sperm</subject><subject>sperm competition</subject><subject>Spermatozoa</subject><subject>Tactics</subject><subject>Teeth</subject><subject>Testes</subject><subject>testis size</subject><issn>0952-8369</issn><issn>1469-7998</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kEtOwzAQhi0EEqWw4AaWWCGR1vEjsZeo4qlKXQAbNpaTTIpLmgQ7AbUrjsAZOQmGdMtopBlpvn9m9CN0GpNJHGK62jaTmKaE76FRzBMVpUrJfTQiStBIskQdoiPvV4TQmKdihOyD3cL351cBLdQF1B229Tv4bj20uOv9K66gXnYvF7gLA-uxDxJs6gL7Ftx6N_2FDc5sa1yQmgovoelc39oCZwBdBcfooDSVh5NdHaOn66vH2W00X9zczS7nUc4Y5ZHMDDOUcE6NEbRMTS5ipgqScWkkgURmIKQgWaZAlZIXosjTtOSJ4VRmUiRsjM6Gva1r3vrwsV41vavDSU2pkiljIQN1PlC5a7x3UOrW2bVxGx0T_eukDk7qPycDOx3YD1vB5n9Q3z8vBsUPOYJ3QA</recordid><startdate>201910</startdate><enddate>201910</enddate><creator>Rosa, M. E.</creator><creator>Kiss, J.</creator><creator>Barta, Z.</creator><creator>Kosztolányi, A.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-1670</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201910</creationdate><title>Size‐dependent investment in tusk length, testis size and sperm length in a biparental geotrupid beetle</title><author>Rosa, M. E. ; Kiss, J. ; Barta, Z. ; Kosztolányi, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3324-8ba3a20442aa52f7ac5139d0b48a80e68be5850bb9e9f84d5dc77f46a428b8563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Allometry</topic><topic>Animal behavior</topic><topic>Biological fertilization</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Breeding seasons</topic><topic>Fertilization</topic><topic>Geotrupidae</topic><topic>insects</topic><topic>Length</topic><topic>Lethrus apterus</topic><topic>Males</topic><topic>Mandible</topic><topic>Mating</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Reproductive behaviour</topic><topic>reproductive strategies</topic><topic>Sexual selection</topic><topic>Sperm</topic><topic>sperm competition</topic><topic>Spermatozoa</topic><topic>Tactics</topic><topic>Teeth</topic><topic>Testes</topic><topic>testis size</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rosa, M. E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiss, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barta, Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kosztolányi, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Wiley Free Content</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of zoology (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rosa, M. E.</au><au>Kiss, J.</au><au>Barta, Z.</au><au>Kosztolányi, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Size‐dependent investment in tusk length, testis size and sperm length in a biparental geotrupid beetle</atitle><jtitle>Journal of zoology (1987)</jtitle><date>2019-10</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>309</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>106</spage><epage>113</epage><pages>106-113</pages><issn>0952-8369</issn><eissn>1469-7998</eissn><abstract>Males of extreme small or large sizes often experience different levels of pre‐ and postcopulatory sexual selection that result in alternative ways to gain fertilization success. Here, we investigated such alternative mating tactics in Lethrus apterus, a biparental geotrupid beetle species with noticeable intermale size variation by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length between large and small males. Firstly, we demonstrated evidence for male polymorphism as extremely large males had longer tusks relative to their body size than extremely small individuals. Secondly, large males had bigger testes than small males throughout the breeding season, however, a significant decrease was observed over time in large but not in small individuals. Thirdly, sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. Although these results do not explain how the observed large body size variation can be maintained in L. apterus, the non allometric relationship found between tusk length and body size and the lower decrease in testis size over the breeding season in case of small individuals might refer to the presence of alternative mating tactics in this species.
In species with significant intermale size variation, small individuals are often expected to adopt alternative mating tactics to ensure reproduction, for example by investing less in their pre‐ and more in their postcopulatory reproductive traits. We investigated this pattern in a biparental beetle, Lethrus apterus by comparing tusk (mandibular process) length, testis size and sperm length of extremely large and small males. We showed that males in this species are polymorphic in respect to tusk length as large individuals possess longer tusks relative to their body size. However, contrary to our predictions, large individuals also had relatively bigger testes than small ones and sperm length did not differ between the two size categories. These results do not explain the observed body size variation in this species, but indicate that tusk length and testis size depend mostly on individual condition, while sperm may have an optimal length regardless of body size.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/jzo.12704</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-1670</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Allometry Animal behavior Biological fertilization Body size Breeding Breeding seasons Fertilization Geotrupidae insects Length Lethrus apterus Males Mandible Mating Polymorphism Reproductive behaviour reproductive strategies Sexual selection Sperm sperm competition Spermatozoa Tactics Teeth Testes testis size |
title | Size‐dependent investment in tusk length, testis size and sperm length in a biparental geotrupid beetle |
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