Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply
Temporal variability in renewable energy presents a major challenge for electrical grid systems. Tides are considered predictable due to their regular periodicity; however, the persistence and quality of tidal-stream generated electricity is unknown. This paper is the first study that attempts to ad...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Energy (Oxford) 2019-09, Vol.183, p.1061-1074 |
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| creator | Lewis, Matt McNaughton, James Márquez-Dominguez, Concha Todeschini, Grazia Togneri, Michael Masters, Ian Allmark, Matthew Stallard, Tim Neill, Simon Goward-Brown, Alice Robins, Peter |
| description | Temporal variability in renewable energy presents a major challenge for electrical grid systems. Tides are considered predictable due to their regular periodicity; however, the persistence and quality of tidal-stream generated electricity is unknown. This paper is the first study that attempts to address this knowledge gap through direct measurements of rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW, rated at grid-connection, tidal turbine (Orkney Islands, UK). Tidal asymmetry in turbulence parameters, flow speed and power variability were observed. Variability in the power at 0.5 Hz, associated with the 10-min running mean, was low (standard deviation 10–12% of rated power), with lower variability associated with higher flow speed and reduced turbulence intensity. Variability of shore-side measured voltage was well within acceptable levels (∼0.3% at 0.5 Hz). Variability in turbine power had |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.181 |
| format | Article |
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•Rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW tidal-stream turbine analysed.•Tidal power temporal variability (sub 10-min), was considered low.•Fine-scale temporal variability did not affect present resource assessment methods.•Statistical model successfully downscaled broad-scale tidal resource model data.•Predictability and quality of tidal-stream energy may be undervalued at present.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0360-5442</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6785</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.181</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Computational fluid dynamics ; Computer simulation ; Electric power distribution ; Electrical measurement ; Electricity ; Electricity distribution ; Energy ; Orkney ; Periodicity ; Power quality ; Prediction ; Renewable energy ; Resource characterisation ; Tidal energy ; Tidal power ; Turbines ; Turbulence ; Turbulence intensity ; Turbulent flow ; Variability ; Voltage</subject><ispartof>Energy (Oxford), 2019-09, Vol.183, p.1061-1074</ispartof><rights>2019 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Sep 15, 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-eca7027ebc6e186dd902828aa3e3741a7e9ed6d124739d85c4f7d36f31a378213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-eca7027ebc6e186dd902828aa3e3741a7e9ed6d124739d85c4f7d36f31a378213</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6900-5059 ; 0000-0003-2164-1133 ; 0000-0001-7667-6670</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.181$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lewis, Matt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McNaughton, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Márquez-Dominguez, Concha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Todeschini, Grazia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Togneri, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masters, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allmark, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallard, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neill, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goward-Brown, Alice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robins, Peter</creatorcontrib><title>Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply</title><title>Energy (Oxford)</title><description>Temporal variability in renewable energy presents a major challenge for electrical grid systems. Tides are considered predictable due to their regular periodicity; however, the persistence and quality of tidal-stream generated electricity is unknown. This paper is the first study that attempts to address this knowledge gap through direct measurements of rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW, rated at grid-connection, tidal turbine (Orkney Islands, UK). Tidal asymmetry in turbulence parameters, flow speed and power variability were observed. Variability in the power at 0.5 Hz, associated with the 10-min running mean, was low (standard deviation 10–12% of rated power), with lower variability associated with higher flow speed and reduced turbulence intensity. Variability of shore-side measured voltage was well within acceptable levels (∼0.3% at 0.5 Hz). Variability in turbine power had <1% difference in energy yield calculation, even with a skewed power variability distribution. Finally, using a “t-location” distribution of observed fine-scale power variability, in combination with an idealised power curve, a synthetic power variability model reliably downscaled 30 min tidal velocity simulations to power at 0.5 Hz (R2 = 85% and ∼14% error). Therefore, the predictability and quality of tidal-stream energy was high and may be undervalued in a future, high-penetration renewable energy, electricity grid.
•Rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW tidal-stream turbine analysed.•Tidal power temporal variability (sub 10-min), was considered low.•Fine-scale temporal variability did not affect present resource assessment methods.•Statistical model successfully downscaled broad-scale tidal resource model data.•Predictability and quality of tidal-stream energy may be undervalued at present.</description><subject>Computational fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Electric power distribution</subject><subject>Electrical measurement</subject><subject>Electricity</subject><subject>Electricity distribution</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Orkney</subject><subject>Periodicity</subject><subject>Power quality</subject><subject>Prediction</subject><subject>Renewable energy</subject><subject>Resource characterisation</subject><subject>Tidal energy</subject><subject>Tidal power</subject><subject>Turbines</subject><subject>Turbulence</subject><subject>Turbulence intensity</subject><subject>Turbulent flow</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>Voltage</subject><issn>0360-5442</issn><issn>1873-6785</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEtLxDAUhYMoOI7-AxcF1615NY-NIIMvGHAWug6Z5FZSOk1NOiPz7-1Q167u5nzncj6EbgmuCCbivq2gh_R1rCgmusKiIoqcoQVRkpVCqvocLTATuKw5p5foKucWY1wrrRdos4k_kIqDTcFuQxfGYxGbYgzedmUeE9hdMXcXtvdF2A1dcHYMsc9FE1MBHbgxBXfi8n4YuuM1umhsl-Hm7y7R5_PTx-q1XL-_vK0e16XjRI8lOCsxlbB1AogS3mtMFVXWMmCSEytBgxeeUC6Z9qp2vJGeiYYRy6SihC3R3dw7pPi9hzyaNu5TP700lGqmuZZKTSk-p1yKOSdozJDCzqajIdic3JnWzPvMyZ3BwkzuJuxhxmBacAiQTHYBegc-pGmw8TH8X_ALONd6rA</recordid><startdate>20190915</startdate><enddate>20190915</enddate><creator>Lewis, Matt</creator><creator>McNaughton, James</creator><creator>Márquez-Dominguez, Concha</creator><creator>Todeschini, Grazia</creator><creator>Togneri, Michael</creator><creator>Masters, Ian</creator><creator>Allmark, Matthew</creator><creator>Stallard, Tim</creator><creator>Neill, Simon</creator><creator>Goward-Brown, Alice</creator><creator>Robins, Peter</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-5059</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-1133</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6670</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190915</creationdate><title>Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply</title><author>Lewis, Matt ; McNaughton, James ; Márquez-Dominguez, Concha ; Todeschini, Grazia ; Togneri, Michael ; Masters, Ian ; Allmark, Matthew ; Stallard, Tim ; Neill, Simon ; Goward-Brown, Alice ; Robins, Peter</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-eca7027ebc6e186dd902828aa3e3741a7e9ed6d124739d85c4f7d36f31a378213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Computational fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Electric power distribution</topic><topic>Electrical measurement</topic><topic>Electricity</topic><topic>Electricity distribution</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Orkney</topic><topic>Periodicity</topic><topic>Power quality</topic><topic>Prediction</topic><topic>Renewable energy</topic><topic>Resource characterisation</topic><topic>Tidal energy</topic><topic>Tidal power</topic><topic>Turbines</topic><topic>Turbulence</topic><topic>Turbulence intensity</topic><topic>Turbulent flow</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>Voltage</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lewis, Matt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McNaughton, James</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Márquez-Dominguez, Concha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Todeschini, Grazia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Togneri, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Masters, Ian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allmark, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stallard, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neill, Simon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goward-Brown, Alice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robins, Peter</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Energy (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lewis, Matt</au><au>McNaughton, James</au><au>Márquez-Dominguez, Concha</au><au>Todeschini, Grazia</au><au>Togneri, Michael</au><au>Masters, Ian</au><au>Allmark, Matthew</au><au>Stallard, Tim</au><au>Neill, Simon</au><au>Goward-Brown, Alice</au><au>Robins, Peter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply</atitle><jtitle>Energy (Oxford)</jtitle><date>2019-09-15</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>183</volume><spage>1061</spage><epage>1074</epage><pages>1061-1074</pages><issn>0360-5442</issn><eissn>1873-6785</eissn><abstract>Temporal variability in renewable energy presents a major challenge for electrical grid systems. Tides are considered predictable due to their regular periodicity; however, the persistence and quality of tidal-stream generated electricity is unknown. This paper is the first study that attempts to address this knowledge gap through direct measurements of rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW, rated at grid-connection, tidal turbine (Orkney Islands, UK). Tidal asymmetry in turbulence parameters, flow speed and power variability were observed. Variability in the power at 0.5 Hz, associated with the 10-min running mean, was low (standard deviation 10–12% of rated power), with lower variability associated with higher flow speed and reduced turbulence intensity. Variability of shore-side measured voltage was well within acceptable levels (∼0.3% at 0.5 Hz). Variability in turbine power had <1% difference in energy yield calculation, even with a skewed power variability distribution. Finally, using a “t-location” distribution of observed fine-scale power variability, in combination with an idealised power curve, a synthetic power variability model reliably downscaled 30 min tidal velocity simulations to power at 0.5 Hz (R2 = 85% and ∼14% error). Therefore, the predictability and quality of tidal-stream energy was high and may be undervalued in a future, high-penetration renewable energy, electricity grid.
•Rotor-shaft power and shore-side voltage from a 1 MW tidal-stream turbine analysed.•Tidal power temporal variability (sub 10-min), was considered low.•Fine-scale temporal variability did not affect present resource assessment methods.•Statistical model successfully downscaled broad-scale tidal resource model data.•Predictability and quality of tidal-stream energy may be undervalued at present.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.181</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-5059</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-1133</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-6670</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Computational fluid dynamics Computer simulation Electric power distribution Electrical measurement Electricity Electricity distribution Energy Orkney Periodicity Power quality Prediction Renewable energy Resource characterisation Tidal energy Tidal power Turbines Turbulence Turbulence intensity Turbulent flow Variability Voltage |
| title | Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply |
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