Analysis of Ordovician hydrocarbon migration in the Halahatang area, Tarim Basin, NW China

Hydrocarbon migration mechanism in deep Ordovician reservoir of the Halahatang area, Tarim Basin, is investigated based on the analysis of the geological setting and geochemical parameters. The parameters successfully analyzed include oil–gas properties, crude oil maturity [ T s/( T s + T m) ratio], gas carbon isotopic ratios, and trace elements (B, V, Ni, and Cu) in crude oil. The results show that hydrocarbons migrate into the Ordovician of the Halahatang area from the Manjiaer Depression and the Halahatang area itself through unconformities and faults. The overall hydrocarbon migration orientation in the area is generally from south to north. The oil and gas migration process determine parameters vary regularly from south to north as follows: oil density, V/Ni ratio, Ni/Cu ratio, and concentrations of V, Ni and (Ni + B) in crude oil regularly increase, whereas T s/( T s + T m), gas/oil ratio, and dryness coefficient gradually decrease, and methane show a trend toward depletion of heavy carbon isotopes. Additionally, there exist obvious anomalies of geochemical parameter values in the Repu3 well block, which indicates that a local fault intersection could provide a favorable hydrocarbon filling point. Based on these findings, further exploration activities in the deep Ordovician reservoir of the Halahatang area should be conducted in the southern part of the Halahatang area along the oil charging pathways, and fault intersection zones should be emphasized.