Field and Laboratory Studies Linking Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Processes and Enhanced Denitrification during Infiltration for Managed Recharge
We present linked field and laboratory studies investigating controls on enhanced nitrate processing during infiltration for managed aquifer recharge. We examine how carbon-rich permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimulate micro...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2019-08, Vol.53 (16), p.9491-9501 |
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| creator | Gorski, Galen Fisher, Andrew T Beganskas, Sarah Weir, Walker B Redford, Kaitlyn Schmidt, Calla Saltikov, Chad |
| description | We present linked field and laboratory studies investigating controls on enhanced nitrate processing during infiltration for managed aquifer recharge. We examine how carbon-rich permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimulate microbial denitrification. In field studies with infiltration of 0.2–0.3 m/day and initial nitrate concentrations of [NO3-N] = 20–28 mg/L, we observed that woodchips promoted 37 ± 6.6% nitrate removal (primarily via denitrification), and biochar promoted 33 ± 12% nitrate removal (likely via denitrification and physical absorption effects). In contrast, unamended soil at the same site generated 0.7 m/day) but can still result in denitrification. These results demonstrate a quantitative relationship between infiltration rate and denitrification that depends on the presence and nature of a PRB. Combined results from these field and laboratory experiments, with complementary studies of denitrification during infiltration through other soils, suggest a framework for understanding linked hydrologic and chemical controls on microbial denitrification (and potentially other redox-sensitive processes) that could improve water quality during managed recharge. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.est.9b01191 |
| format | Article |
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We examine how carbon-rich permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimulate microbial denitrification. In field studies with infiltration of 0.2–0.3 m/day and initial nitrate concentrations of [NO3-N] = 20–28 mg/L, we observed that woodchips promoted 37 ± 6.6% nitrate removal (primarily via denitrification), and biochar promoted 33 ± 12% nitrate removal (likely via denitrification and physical absorption effects). In contrast, unamended soil at the same site generated <5% denitrification. We find that the presence of a carbon-rich PRB has a modest effect on the underlying soil microbial community structure in these experiments, indicating that existing consortia have the capability to carry out denitrification given favorable conditions. In laboratory studies using intact cores from the same site, we extend the results to quantify how infiltration rate influences denitrification, with and without a carbon-rich PRB. We find that the influence of both PRB materials is diminished at higher infiltration rates (>0.7 m/day) but can still result in denitrification. These results demonstrate a quantitative relationship between infiltration rate and denitrification that depends on the presence and nature of a PRB. Combined results from these field and laboratory experiments, with complementary studies of denitrification during infiltration through other soils, suggest a framework for understanding linked hydrologic and chemical controls on microbial denitrification (and potentially other redox-sensitive processes) that could improve water quality during managed recharge.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01191</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31352778</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Aquifer management ; Aquifers ; Carbon ; Charcoal ; Community structure ; Consortia ; Denitrification ; Groundwater recharge ; Hydrology ; Infiltration ; Infiltration rate ; Laboratories ; Microorganisms ; Nitrate removal ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen removal ; Nutrient removal ; Organic chemistry ; Permeable reactive barriers ; Pollution prevention ; Soil microorganisms ; Soil permeability ; Soil structure ; Soils ; Water pollution treatment ; Water quality ; Water quality management</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2019-08, Vol.53 (16), p.9491-9501</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Aug 20, 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a398t-79442a842a861c5d1ffac28df8eacbefbabe862ada9ee244e9724d8c11095ca13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a398t-79442a842a861c5d1ffac28df8eacbefbabe862ada9ee244e9724d8c11095ca13</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2102-8320 ; 0000-0003-0083-4251</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.9b01191$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b01191$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2752,27053,27901,27902,56713,56763</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31352778$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gorski, Galen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Andrew T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beganskas, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weir, Walker B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redford, Kaitlyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Calla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saltikov, Chad</creatorcontrib><title>Field and Laboratory Studies Linking Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Processes and Enhanced Denitrification during Infiltration for Managed Recharge</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>We present linked field and laboratory studies investigating controls on enhanced nitrate processing during infiltration for managed aquifer recharge. We examine how carbon-rich permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimulate microbial denitrification. In field studies with infiltration of 0.2–0.3 m/day and initial nitrate concentrations of [NO3-N] = 20–28 mg/L, we observed that woodchips promoted 37 ± 6.6% nitrate removal (primarily via denitrification), and biochar promoted 33 ± 12% nitrate removal (likely via denitrification and physical absorption effects). In contrast, unamended soil at the same site generated <5% denitrification. We find that the presence of a carbon-rich PRB has a modest effect on the underlying soil microbial community structure in these experiments, indicating that existing consortia have the capability to carry out denitrification given favorable conditions. In laboratory studies using intact cores from the same site, we extend the results to quantify how infiltration rate influences denitrification, with and without a carbon-rich PRB. We find that the influence of both PRB materials is diminished at higher infiltration rates (>0.7 m/day) but can still result in denitrification. These results demonstrate a quantitative relationship between infiltration rate and denitrification that depends on the presence and nature of a PRB. Combined results from these field and laboratory experiments, with complementary studies of denitrification during infiltration through other soils, suggest a framework for understanding linked hydrologic and chemical controls on microbial denitrification (and potentially other redox-sensitive processes) that could improve water quality during managed recharge.</description><subject>Aquifer management</subject><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Charcoal</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Consortia</subject><subject>Denitrification</subject><subject>Groundwater recharge</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Infiltration</subject><subject>Infiltration rate</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Nitrate removal</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrogen removal</subject><subject>Nutrient removal</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Permeable reactive barriers</subject><subject>Pollution prevention</subject><subject>Soil microorganisms</subject><subject>Soil permeability</subject><subject>Soil structure</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Water pollution treatment</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water quality management</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kU9v1DAQxS0EokvLmRuyxJFmazvJxj6i0n_SViDaStyiiT3edcnarZ0c9uPwTXHI0hsHayTP773RzCPkA2dLzgQ_A52WmIal6hjnir8iC14LVtSy5q_JgjFeFqpc_Twi71J6ZIyJksm35KjkZS2aRi7I70uHvaHgDV1DFyIMIe7p3TAah4munf_l_IZe700Mfdg4fUqvMOgt7pyG_vSv7tbpGDo396Gn32PQmFKWT90LvwWv0dCv6N0Qnc3M4IKnZoyT9Y23rh_i_GdDpLfgYZP5H6i3EDd4Qt5Y6BO-P9Rj8nB5cX9-Xay_Xd2cf1kXUCo5FI2qKgFyeiuua8OtBS2ksRJBd2g76FCuBBhQiKKqUDWiMlJzzlStgZfH5NPs-xTD85iP2j6GMfo8shWiUY2SUqhMnc1U3jmliLZ9im4Hcd9y1k6RtDmSdlIfIsmKjwffsduheeH_ZZCBzzMwKV9m_s_uDxwDmx0</recordid><startdate>20190820</startdate><enddate>20190820</enddate><creator>Gorski, Galen</creator><creator>Fisher, Andrew T</creator><creator>Beganskas, Sarah</creator><creator>Weir, Walker B</creator><creator>Redford, Kaitlyn</creator><creator>Schmidt, Calla</creator><creator>Saltikov, Chad</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2102-8320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-4251</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190820</creationdate><title>Field and Laboratory Studies Linking Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Processes and Enhanced Denitrification during Infiltration for Managed Recharge</title><author>Gorski, Galen ; Fisher, Andrew T ; Beganskas, Sarah ; Weir, Walker B ; Redford, Kaitlyn ; Schmidt, Calla ; Saltikov, Chad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a398t-79442a842a861c5d1ffac28df8eacbefbabe862ada9ee244e9724d8c11095ca13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Aquifer management</topic><topic>Aquifers</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Charcoal</topic><topic>Community structure</topic><topic>Consortia</topic><topic>Denitrification</topic><topic>Groundwater recharge</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Infiltration</topic><topic>Infiltration rate</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Nitrate removal</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrogen removal</topic><topic>Nutrient removal</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Permeable reactive barriers</topic><topic>Pollution prevention</topic><topic>Soil microorganisms</topic><topic>Soil permeability</topic><topic>Soil structure</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Water pollution treatment</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water quality management</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gorski, Galen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fisher, Andrew T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beganskas, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weir, Walker B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redford, Kaitlyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Calla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saltikov, Chad</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gorski, Galen</au><au>Fisher, Andrew T</au><au>Beganskas, Sarah</au><au>Weir, Walker B</au><au>Redford, Kaitlyn</au><au>Schmidt, Calla</au><au>Saltikov, Chad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Field and Laboratory Studies Linking Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Processes and Enhanced Denitrification during Infiltration for Managed Recharge</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2019-08-20</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>53</volume><issue>16</issue><spage>9491</spage><epage>9501</epage><pages>9491-9501</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><abstract>We present linked field and laboratory studies investigating controls on enhanced nitrate processing during infiltration for managed aquifer recharge. We examine how carbon-rich permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) made of woodchips or biochar, placed in the path of infiltrating water, stimulate microbial denitrification. In field studies with infiltration of 0.2–0.3 m/day and initial nitrate concentrations of [NO3-N] = 20–28 mg/L, we observed that woodchips promoted 37 ± 6.6% nitrate removal (primarily via denitrification), and biochar promoted 33 ± 12% nitrate removal (likely via denitrification and physical absorption effects). In contrast, unamended soil at the same site generated <5% denitrification. We find that the presence of a carbon-rich PRB has a modest effect on the underlying soil microbial community structure in these experiments, indicating that existing consortia have the capability to carry out denitrification given favorable conditions. In laboratory studies using intact cores from the same site, we extend the results to quantify how infiltration rate influences denitrification, with and without a carbon-rich PRB. We find that the influence of both PRB materials is diminished at higher infiltration rates (>0.7 m/day) but can still result in denitrification. These results demonstrate a quantitative relationship between infiltration rate and denitrification that depends on the presence and nature of a PRB. Combined results from these field and laboratory experiments, with complementary studies of denitrification during infiltration through other soils, suggest a framework for understanding linked hydrologic and chemical controls on microbial denitrification (and potentially other redox-sensitive processes) that could improve water quality during managed recharge.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>31352778</pmid><doi>10.1021/acs.est.9b01191</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2102-8320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-4251</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquifer management Aquifers Carbon Charcoal Community structure Consortia Denitrification Groundwater recharge Hydrology Infiltration Infiltration rate Laboratories Microorganisms Nitrate removal Nitrates Nitrogen removal Nutrient removal Organic chemistry Permeable reactive barriers Pollution prevention Soil microorganisms Soil permeability Soil structure Soils Water pollution treatment Water quality Water quality management |
| title | Field and Laboratory Studies Linking Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Microbiological Processes and Enhanced Denitrification during Infiltration for Managed Recharge |
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