Using Particle Characterization to Study Fly Ash Dissolution and Leaching in Water and KOH Solution
This paper presents the results of the physical and chemical changes of Class F fly ashes exposed to either deionized water or to a 0.4 mol/L KOH solution for 15 or 45 minutes. The changes in physical and chemical makeup of thousands of individual particles before and after being exposed to solution...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | ACI materials journal 2019-07, Vol.116 (4), p.5-17 |
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| creator | Kim, Taehwan Hu, Qinang Ley, M. Tyler Aboustait, Mohammed Bullard, Jeffrey W. |
| description | This paper presents the results of the physical and chemical changes of Class F fly ashes exposed to either deionized water or to a 0.4 mol/L KOH solution for 15 or 45 minutes. The changes in physical and chemical makeup of thousands of individual particles before and after being exposed to solutions are analyzed using an autonomous scanning electron microscope. The results show that individual fly ash particles with CaO > 70% by mass completely dissolved. Particles with a CaO < 30% by mass leached sulfur and the remaining undissolved particles showed no measurable change in diameter or physical appearance. Similar observations were made from three different fly ash sources despite showing differences in their total oxide content. These results suggest that only certain particles with a narrow chemistry (CaO < 30% by mass) are responsible for the early age leaching of sulfur. This means that different fly ash particles could be responsible for modifying the sulfur balance in concrete observed in fly ash mixtures at different ages. These observations also give insights into the initial interactions between fly ash and alkali activators in alkali-activated materials. Keywords: automated scanning electron microscope (ASEM); characterization; dissolution; energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS); fly ash; leaching. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.14359/51716676 |
| format | Article |
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Tyler ; Aboustait, Mohammed ; Bullard, Jeffrey W.</creator><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taehwan ; Hu, Qinang ; Ley, M. Tyler ; Aboustait, Mohammed ; Bullard, Jeffrey W.</creatorcontrib><description>This paper presents the results of the physical and chemical changes of Class F fly ashes exposed to either deionized water or to a 0.4 mol/L KOH solution for 15 or 45 minutes. The changes in physical and chemical makeup of thousands of individual particles before and after being exposed to solutions are analyzed using an autonomous scanning electron microscope. The results show that individual fly ash particles with CaO > 70% by mass completely dissolved. Particles with a CaO < 30% by mass leached sulfur and the remaining undissolved particles showed no measurable change in diameter or physical appearance. Similar observations were made from three different fly ash sources despite showing differences in their total oxide content. These results suggest that only certain particles with a narrow chemistry (CaO < 30% by mass) are responsible for the early age leaching of sulfur. This means that different fly ash particles could be responsible for modifying the sulfur balance in concrete observed in fly ash mixtures at different ages. These observations also give insights into the initial interactions between fly ash and alkali activators in alkali-activated materials. Keywords: automated scanning electron microscope (ASEM); characterization; dissolution; energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS); fly ash; leaching.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0889-325X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-737X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.14359/51716676</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Farmington Hills: American Concrete Institute</publisher><subject>Age ; Automation ; Calcium oxides ; Cement hydration ; Chemistry ; Coal-fired power plants ; Concrete ; Concretes ; Deionization ; Electron microscopy ; Emissions control ; Environmental aspects ; Fly ash ; Leaching ; Organic chemistry ; Outdoor air quality ; Silica ; Sulfur ; Sulfur compounds ; Water</subject><ispartof>ACI materials journal, 2019-07, Vol.116 (4), p.5-17</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 American Concrete Institute</rights><rights>Copyright American Concrete Institute Jul 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c324t-5ea69e3e7a5f115518d102349adc386ba8b18b908aff899397c1055a626774fd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c324t-5ea69e3e7a5f115518d102349adc386ba8b18b908aff899397c1055a626774fd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Taehwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Qinang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ley, M. Tyler</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aboustait, Mohammed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bullard, Jeffrey W.</creatorcontrib><title>Using Particle Characterization to Study Fly Ash Dissolution and Leaching in Water and KOH Solution</title><title>ACI materials journal</title><description>This paper presents the results of the physical and chemical changes of Class F fly ashes exposed to either deionized water or to a 0.4 mol/L KOH solution for 15 or 45 minutes. The changes in physical and chemical makeup of thousands of individual particles before and after being exposed to solutions are analyzed using an autonomous scanning electron microscope. The results show that individual fly ash particles with CaO > 70% by mass completely dissolved. Particles with a CaO < 30% by mass leached sulfur and the remaining undissolved particles showed no measurable change in diameter or physical appearance. Similar observations were made from three different fly ash sources despite showing differences in their total oxide content. These results suggest that only certain particles with a narrow chemistry (CaO < 30% by mass) are responsible for the early age leaching of sulfur. This means that different fly ash particles could be responsible for modifying the sulfur balance in concrete observed in fly ash mixtures at different ages. These observations also give insights into the initial interactions between fly ash and alkali activators in alkali-activated materials. 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Tyler</au><au>Aboustait, Mohammed</au><au>Bullard, Jeffrey W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Using Particle Characterization to Study Fly Ash Dissolution and Leaching in Water and KOH Solution</atitle><jtitle>ACI materials journal</jtitle><date>2019-07-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>116</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>5</spage><epage>17</epage><pages>5-17</pages><issn>0889-325X</issn><eissn>1944-737X</eissn><abstract>This paper presents the results of the physical and chemical changes of Class F fly ashes exposed to either deionized water or to a 0.4 mol/L KOH solution for 15 or 45 minutes. The changes in physical and chemical makeup of thousands of individual particles before and after being exposed to solutions are analyzed using an autonomous scanning electron microscope. The results show that individual fly ash particles with CaO > 70% by mass completely dissolved. Particles with a CaO < 30% by mass leached sulfur and the remaining undissolved particles showed no measurable change in diameter or physical appearance. Similar observations were made from three different fly ash sources despite showing differences in their total oxide content. These results suggest that only certain particles with a narrow chemistry (CaO < 30% by mass) are responsible for the early age leaching of sulfur. This means that different fly ash particles could be responsible for modifying the sulfur balance in concrete observed in fly ash mixtures at different ages. These observations also give insights into the initial interactions between fly ash and alkali activators in alkali-activated materials. Keywords: automated scanning electron microscope (ASEM); characterization; dissolution; energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS); fly ash; leaching.</abstract><cop>Farmington Hills</cop><pub>American Concrete Institute</pub><doi>10.14359/51716676</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | ACI materials journal, 2019-07, Vol.116 (4), p.5-17 |
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| source | American Concrete Institute Online Journal Archives |
| subjects | Age Automation Calcium oxides Cement hydration Chemistry Coal-fired power plants Concrete Concretes Deionization Electron microscopy Emissions control Environmental aspects Fly ash Leaching Organic chemistry Outdoor air quality Silica Sulfur Sulfur compounds Water |
| title | Using Particle Characterization to Study Fly Ash Dissolution and Leaching in Water and KOH Solution |
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