Use, selection, and home range properties: complex patterns of individual habitat utilization

Individual patterns of habitat use emerge from behavioral decisions driven by interactions between landscape characteristics and individual traits. Individual traits, such as age and sex, influence the net gain of using habitats and associated resources, and thus the relationship between size and co...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecosphere (Washington, D.C) D.C), 2019-04, Vol.10 (4), p.n/a
Hauptverfasser: Ofstad, Endre Grüner, Herfindal, Ivar, Solberg, Erling J., Heim, Morten, Rolandsen, Christer Moe, Sæther, Bernt‐Erik
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container_title Ecosphere (Washington, D.C)
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creator Ofstad, Endre Grüner
Herfindal, Ivar
Solberg, Erling J.
Heim, Morten
Rolandsen, Christer Moe
Sæther, Bernt‐Erik
description Individual patterns of habitat use emerge from behavioral decisions driven by interactions between landscape characteristics and individual traits. Individual traits, such as age and sex, influence the net gain of using habitats and associated resources, and thus the relationship between size and composition of the home range. However, the pathways from individual variation in home range size and composition to habitat selection are rarely fully explored. We investigated how habitat selection in moose (Alces alces) was a result of individual traits and home range characteristics, that is, we described the pathway from home range to habitat selection. The study was conducted at two spatial scales during two contrasting seasons. Home range size and composition varied with sex, with season, and to some extent with age. Males had larger home range size, and the composition of their home ranges changed more with home range size than for females. The general trend was that moose used habitats according to availability more in winter than in summer, that is, a weaker habitat selection in winter than in summer. Sex and age explained little of the variation in habitat selection, but sex had a pronounced effect on the relationship between home range size and composition. Because habitat availability (i.e., home range composition) is a component of habitat selection, it suggests that varying habitat use partly compensates for sex‐specific differences in home range composition, which in turn results from home range settlement. Hence, although males and females showed similar habitat selection, they differed in the underlying mechanisms generating the pattern of habitat selection. These complex interactions between individual traits and environmental variation have consequences for how we understand the relationships between landscape characteristics, individual behavior, and fitness.
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subjects Alces alces
Animal behavior
Females
Field study
functional response
Habitat availability
Habitat selection
Habitat utilization
Habitats
herbivore
home range composition
home range size
Males
Moose
Population
Quality
space use
Summer
trade‐off
ungulate
Winter
title Use, selection, and home range properties: complex patterns of individual habitat utilization
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