Neolithisation at the site Brandwijk-Kerkhof, the Netherlands: natural vegetation, human impact and plant food subsistence
Brandwijk-Kerkhof (ca. 4600 to 3630 cal B.C.) is a Neolithic site, located on a river dune in the Dutch Rhine/Mass river area. The natural vegetation and human impact upon it have been investigated by analysis of pollen and macroremains from four cores that are located at increasing distances up to...
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| description | Brandwijk-Kerkhof (ca. 4600 to 3630 cal B.C.) is a Neolithic site, located on a river dune in the Dutch Rhine/Mass river area. The natural vegetation and human impact upon it have been investigated by analysis of pollen and macroremains from four cores that are located at increasing distances up to 20 m from the site. The relationship between the strength of human impact on the vegetation and the distance of the cores from the river dune has been investigated as well. The results show that the natural vegetation on top of the river dune consisted of deciduous woodland, while in the surrounding wetlands alder carr and eutrophic marsh vegetation dominated. Human impact of limited strength resulted in more open and disturbed vegetation. There is no correlation between the strength of the evidence of human impact in the pollen diagrams and the distance of the cores from the river dune. The evidence for presence of crop plants from the cores is compared with evidence from the excavation. The first presence of crop plants from ca. 4200 B.C. onwards corresponds with data from other Dutch wetland sites. Large-scale local crop cultivation cannot however be demonstrated. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00334-007-0108-8 |
| format | Article |
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The natural vegetation and human impact upon it have been investigated by analysis of pollen and macroremains from four cores that are located at increasing distances up to 20 m from the site. The relationship between the strength of human impact on the vegetation and the distance of the cores from the river dune has been investigated as well. The results show that the natural vegetation on top of the river dune consisted of deciduous woodland, while in the surrounding wetlands alder carr and eutrophic marsh vegetation dominated. Human impact of limited strength resulted in more open and disturbed vegetation. There is no correlation between the strength of the evidence of human impact in the pollen diagrams and the distance of the cores from the river dune. The evidence for presence of crop plants from the cores is compared with evidence from the excavation. The first presence of crop plants from ca. 4200 B.C. onwards corresponds with data from other Dutch wetland sites. 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food subsistence</atitle><jtitle>Vegetation history and archaeobotany</jtitle><stitle>Veget Hist Archaeobot</stitle><date>2008-01-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>39</epage><pages>25-39</pages><issn>0939-6314</issn><eissn>1617-6278</eissn><abstract>Brandwijk-Kerkhof (ca. 4600 to 3630 cal B.C.) is a Neolithic site, located on a river dune in the Dutch Rhine/Mass river area. The natural vegetation and human impact upon it have been investigated by analysis of pollen and macroremains from four cores that are located at increasing distances up to 20 m from the site. The relationship between the strength of human impact on the vegetation and the distance of the cores from the river dune has been investigated as well. The results show that the natural vegetation on top of the river dune consisted of deciduous woodland, while in the surrounding wetlands alder carr and eutrophic marsh vegetation dominated. Human impact of limited strength resulted in more open and disturbed vegetation. There is no correlation between the strength of the evidence of human impact in the pollen diagrams and the distance of the cores from the river dune. The evidence for presence of crop plants from the cores is compared with evidence from the excavation. The first presence of crop plants from ca. 4200 B.C. onwards corresponds with data from other Dutch wetland sites. 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| subjects | Anthropology Archaeology Arid zones Biogeosciences Climate Change Cores Crops Cultivation Dunes Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Eutrophication Excavation Generalities Herbs Human impact Human influences Human-environment relationship Natural vegetation Organisation and history of research Original Article Paleontology Plants Pollen Prehistory and protohistory Rivers Seeds Shrubs Stone Age Vegetation Wetlands Woodlands |
| title | Neolithisation at the site Brandwijk-Kerkhof, the Netherlands: natural vegetation, human impact and plant food subsistence |
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