Periodic P fertilizer application is recommended for small-holder farmers in Northeast China: evidence from a 12-year study

Phosphorus (P) fertilizer prices rose more than 150 % in the past two decades, thus periodic P fertilization (purchasing and applying superphosphate periodically) could be economically beneficial to small-holder farmers. Still, it is necessary to determine if periodic P fertilization could sustain c...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 2015-11, Vol.103 (2), p.241-253
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Yongzhuang, Chen, Xin, Whalen, Joann K., Zhao, Muqiu, Lu, Caiyan, Shi, Yi
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container_start_page 241
container_title Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems
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creator Wang, Yongzhuang
Chen, Xin
Whalen, Joann K.
Zhao, Muqiu
Lu, Caiyan
Shi, Yi
description Phosphorus (P) fertilizer prices rose more than 150 % in the past two decades, thus periodic P fertilization (purchasing and applying superphosphate periodically) could be economically beneficial to small-holder farmers. Still, it is necessary to determine if periodic P fertilization could sustain corn production compared to annual P fertilization. Corn ( Zea mays L.) obtains P for its growth and development from soil solution, which is replenished by soil P fractions associated with the soil minerals (inorganic P, Pi) and organic matter (organic P, Po). It is expected that P fertilization regimes (annual vs. periodic applications) will influence the concentration of soil P fractions contributing to corn P nutrition. The objective of the study was to evaluate soil Pi and Po fractions and P uptake in corn agroecosystems of Northeast China under two fertilizer regimes: triple-superphosphate applied annually at 0, 25 or 75 kg P ha −1 , or applied periodically (once every 6 years) as 150 or 450 kg P ha −1 . During the two 6-year periods (1997–2002 and 2003–2008), both periodic and annual triple-superphosphate application significantly ( P  
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Still, it is necessary to determine if periodic P fertilization could sustain corn production compared to annual P fertilization. Corn ( Zea mays L.) obtains P for its growth and development from soil solution, which is replenished by soil P fractions associated with the soil minerals (inorganic P, Pi) and organic matter (organic P, Po). It is expected that P fertilization regimes (annual vs. periodic applications) will influence the concentration of soil P fractions contributing to corn P nutrition. The objective of the study was to evaluate soil Pi and Po fractions and P uptake in corn agroecosystems of Northeast China under two fertilizer regimes: triple-superphosphate applied annually at 0, 25 or 75 kg P ha −1 , or applied periodically (once every 6 years) as 150 or 450 kg P ha −1 . During the two 6-year periods (1997–2002 and 2003–2008), both periodic and annual triple-superphosphate application significantly ( P  &lt; 0.05) increased the NaHCO 3 -Pi (93–453 %), NaOH-Pi (44–135 %) and HCl-Pi (11–45 %) fractions, thus sustaining crop P requirements. Although annual P fertilization gave 35 % more NaHCO 3 -Pi, 28 % more NaOH-Pi, 15 % greater HCl-Pi and 4 % more crop P uptake at the end of each 6-year period, there was no significant difference in corn yield. Therefore, periodic P application (once in 6 years) is recommended as an economical practice that could lower the cost of P fertilization for small-holder farmers producing corn in Northeast China.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1385-1314</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-0867</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10705-015-9745-y</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Agricultural ecosystems ; Agriculture ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Corn ; Crop production ; Crop yield ; Farmers ; Fertilization ; Fertilizer application ; Fertilizers ; Life Sciences ; Minerals ; Nutrition ; Organic matter ; Original Article ; Phosphorus ; Small farms ; Sodium bicarbonate ; Sodium hydroxide ; Soil solution ; Soils ; Vegetables</subject><ispartof>Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems, 2015-11, Vol.103 (2), p.241-253</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015</rights><rights>Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems is a copyright of Springer, (2015). 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Still, it is necessary to determine if periodic P fertilization could sustain corn production compared to annual P fertilization. Corn ( Zea mays L.) obtains P for its growth and development from soil solution, which is replenished by soil P fractions associated with the soil minerals (inorganic P, Pi) and organic matter (organic P, Po). It is expected that P fertilization regimes (annual vs. periodic applications) will influence the concentration of soil P fractions contributing to corn P nutrition. The objective of the study was to evaluate soil Pi and Po fractions and P uptake in corn agroecosystems of Northeast China under two fertilizer regimes: triple-superphosphate applied annually at 0, 25 or 75 kg P ha −1 , or applied periodically (once every 6 years) as 150 or 450 kg P ha −1 . During the two 6-year periods (1997–2002 and 2003–2008), both periodic and annual triple-superphosphate application significantly ( P  &lt; 0.05) increased the NaHCO 3 -Pi (93–453 %), NaOH-Pi (44–135 %) and HCl-Pi (11–45 %) fractions, thus sustaining crop P requirements. Although annual P fertilization gave 35 % more NaHCO 3 -Pi, 28 % more NaOH-Pi, 15 % greater HCl-Pi and 4 % more crop P uptake at the end of each 6-year period, there was no significant difference in corn yield. Therefore, periodic P application (once in 6 years) is recommended as an economical practice that could lower the cost of P fertilization for small-holder farmers producing corn in Northeast China.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s10705-015-9745-y</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record>
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1573-0867
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source Springer journals
subjects Agricultural ecosystems
Agriculture
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Corn
Crop production
Crop yield
Farmers
Fertilization
Fertilizer application
Fertilizers
Life Sciences
Minerals
Nutrition
Organic matter
Original Article
Phosphorus
Small farms
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium hydroxide
Soil solution
Soils
Vegetables
title Periodic P fertilizer application is recommended for small-holder farmers in Northeast China: evidence from a 12-year study
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