fire-retardant properties of the melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resins mixed with ammonium polyphosphate
Fire retardancy of melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resin (MUF) containing intumescent fire-retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) (MUF/APP) was conducted by cone calorimeter with surface treatment of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The results showed that the six MUF resins synthesized with dif...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of wood science 2013-10, Vol.59 (5), p.419-425 |
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| creator | Ma, Xing-Xia Wu, Yu-Zhang Zhu, Hai-Long |
| description | Fire retardancy of melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resin (MUF) containing intumescent fire-retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) (MUF/APP) was conducted by cone calorimeter with surface treatment of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The results showed that the six MUF resins synthesized with different F/(M + U) and M/U molar ratios containing APP significantly improved the fire retardancy of the MDF by prolonging ignition time, reducing heat release rate and total heat release, and decreasing mass loss rate. The fire-retardant properties of the six synthesized MUF/APP acted differently even though each MUF resin containing the same mass ratio of APP. The melamine content in the MUF should not be too high, otherwise it would decrease the fire-retardant properties of MUF/APP. Based on this study, the higher the APP amounts, the better the fire-retardant performance of the resin was. The fire retardancy of MUF/APP increased with the increase in the amount of glue that spread on the material surface. However, only the amount of glue spread exceeded 250 g/m², whereas the ability of MUF/APP in inhibiting heat release did not increase significantly any longer. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10086-013-1350-6 |
| format | Article |
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The results showed that the six MUF resins synthesized with different F/(M + U) and M/U molar ratios containing APP significantly improved the fire retardancy of the MDF by prolonging ignition time, reducing heat release rate and total heat release, and decreasing mass loss rate. The fire-retardant properties of the six synthesized MUF/APP acted differently even though each MUF resin containing the same mass ratio of APP. The melamine content in the MUF should not be too high, otherwise it would decrease the fire-retardant properties of MUF/APP. Based on this study, the higher the APP amounts, the better the fire-retardant performance of the resin was. The fire retardancy of MUF/APP increased with the increase in the amount of glue that spread on the material surface. However, only the amount of glue spread exceeded 250 g/m², whereas the ability of MUF/APP in inhibiting heat release did not increase significantly any longer.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1435-0211</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1611-4663</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10086-013-1350-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Tokyo: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>ammonium polyphosphates ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Cone calorimeters ; Enthalpy ; Fiberboard ; Flame retardants ; heat ; Heat release rate ; Life Sciences ; Materials Science ; medium density fiberboards ; Melamine ; Original Article ; Polymers ; Properties (attributes) ; Resins ; Surface treatment ; Synthesis ; Urea formaldehyde resins ; Wood Science & Technology</subject><ispartof>Journal of wood science, 2013-10, Vol.59 (5), p.419-425</ispartof><rights>The Japan Wood Research Society 2013</rights><rights>Journal of Wood Science is a copyright of Springer, (2013). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-b4465f50235c0ab936de9c88fcc75a21726aeafe6e5f58924c19dfa234093ce03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-b4465f50235c0ab936de9c88fcc75a21726aeafe6e5f58924c19dfa234093ce03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10086-013-1350-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10086-013-1350-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ma, Xing-Xia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Yu-Zhang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Hai-Long</creatorcontrib><title>fire-retardant properties of the melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resins mixed with ammonium polyphosphate</title><title>Journal of wood science</title><addtitle>J Wood Sci</addtitle><description>Fire retardancy of melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resin (MUF) containing intumescent fire-retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) (MUF/APP) was conducted by cone calorimeter with surface treatment of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The results showed that the six MUF resins synthesized with different F/(M + U) and M/U molar ratios containing APP significantly improved the fire retardancy of the MDF by prolonging ignition time, reducing heat release rate and total heat release, and decreasing mass loss rate. The fire-retardant properties of the six synthesized MUF/APP acted differently even though each MUF resin containing the same mass ratio of APP. The melamine content in the MUF should not be too high, otherwise it would decrease the fire-retardant properties of MUF/APP. Based on this study, the higher the APP amounts, the better the fire-retardant performance of the resin was. The fire retardancy of MUF/APP increased with the increase in the amount of glue that spread on the material surface. However, only the amount of glue spread exceeded 250 g/m², whereas the ability of MUF/APP in inhibiting heat release did not increase significantly any longer.</description><subject>ammonium polyphosphates</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Cone calorimeters</subject><subject>Enthalpy</subject><subject>Fiberboard</subject><subject>Flame retardants</subject><subject>heat</subject><subject>Heat release rate</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>medium density fiberboards</subject><subject>Melamine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Properties (attributes)</subject><subject>Resins</subject><subject>Surface treatment</subject><subject>Synthesis</subject><subject>Urea formaldehyde resins</subject><subject>Wood Science & Technology</subject><issn>1435-0211</issn><issn>1611-4663</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kLtOxDAQRSMEEs8PoMIStWH8iLMp0YqXtBIFUFsmGROjdRzsrGA7_oE_5EvwKkh028xMce4d3VsUpwwuGEB1mfKcKQpMUCZKoGqnOGCKMSqVErv5lqKkwBnbLw5TeoN8ykocFMG6iDTiaGJr-pEMMQwYR4eJBEvGDonHpfGuR-pD66zDlqwimp-vbxuiN8sWu3WLJGJyfSLefWbgw40dMd6H3q08GcJyPXQhDZ0Z8bjYs2aZ8ORvHxXPN9dP8zu6eLi9n18taCOhGumLlKq0JXBRNmBeaqFarJvZzDZNVRrOKq4MGosKMzWruWxY3VrDhYRaNAjiqDiffHOg9xWmUb-FVezzS815WQumqppnik1UE0NKEa0eovMmrjUDvelVT73q3Kve9KpV1vBJkzLbv2L8d94mOptE1gRtXqNL-vmRA5MAIFkFYiuRYykpfgGvH5Bb</recordid><startdate>20131001</startdate><enddate>20131001</enddate><creator>Ma, Xing-Xia</creator><creator>Wu, Yu-Zhang</creator><creator>Zhu, Hai-Long</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Japan</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131001</creationdate><title>fire-retardant properties of the melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resins mixed with ammonium polyphosphate</title><author>Ma, Xing-Xia ; Wu, Yu-Zhang ; Zhu, Hai-Long</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-b4465f50235c0ab936de9c88fcc75a21726aeafe6e5f58924c19dfa234093ce03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>ammonium polyphosphates</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Cone calorimeters</topic><topic>Enthalpy</topic><topic>Fiberboard</topic><topic>Flame retardants</topic><topic>heat</topic><topic>Heat release rate</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>medium density fiberboards</topic><topic>Melamine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Properties (attributes)</topic><topic>Resins</topic><topic>Surface treatment</topic><topic>Synthesis</topic><topic>Urea formaldehyde resins</topic><topic>Wood Science & Technology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ma, Xing-Xia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Yu-Zhang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Hai-Long</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><jtitle>Journal of wood science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ma, Xing-Xia</au><au>Wu, Yu-Zhang</au><au>Zhu, Hai-Long</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>fire-retardant properties of the melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resins mixed with ammonium polyphosphate</atitle><jtitle>Journal of wood science</jtitle><stitle>J Wood Sci</stitle><date>2013-10-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>59</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>419</spage><epage>425</epage><pages>419-425</pages><issn>1435-0211</issn><eissn>1611-4663</eissn><abstract>Fire retardancy of melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resin (MUF) containing intumescent fire-retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) (MUF/APP) was conducted by cone calorimeter with surface treatment of medium density fiberboard (MDF). The results showed that the six MUF resins synthesized with different F/(M + U) and M/U molar ratios containing APP significantly improved the fire retardancy of the MDF by prolonging ignition time, reducing heat release rate and total heat release, and decreasing mass loss rate. The fire-retardant properties of the six synthesized MUF/APP acted differently even though each MUF resin containing the same mass ratio of APP. The melamine content in the MUF should not be too high, otherwise it would decrease the fire-retardant properties of MUF/APP. Based on this study, the higher the APP amounts, the better the fire-retardant performance of the resin was. The fire retardancy of MUF/APP increased with the increase in the amount of glue that spread on the material surface. However, only the amount of glue spread exceeded 250 g/m², whereas the ability of MUF/APP in inhibiting heat release did not increase significantly any longer.</abstract><cop>Tokyo</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><doi>10.1007/s10086-013-1350-6</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ammonium polyphosphates Biomedical and Life Sciences Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Cone calorimeters Enthalpy Fiberboard Flame retardants heat Heat release rate Life Sciences Materials Science medium density fiberboards Melamine Original Article Polymers Properties (attributes) Resins Surface treatment Synthesis Urea formaldehyde resins Wood Science & Technology |
| title | fire-retardant properties of the melamine-modified urea–formaldehyde resins mixed with ammonium polyphosphate |
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