Histological Toxicity of Grepafloxacin after Intravitreal Injection
Purpose: To determine the intravitreal levels of grepafloxacin after intravitreal injection of 80 µg and to evaluate the retinal toxicity after intravitreal injection of different doses of grepafloxacin in rabbit eyes. Methods: Fifteen female New Zealand white rabbits and 15 female pigmented ‘Gigant...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ophthalmic research 2003-11, Vol.35 (6), p.335-340 |
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| container_title | Ophthalmic research |
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| creator | Pinilla, I. Peréz-Oliván, S. Solans, C. Bregante, M.A. Ramirez, M.T. Larrosa, J.M. Pablo, L.E. Honrubia, F.M. |
| description | Purpose: To determine the intravitreal levels of grepafloxacin after intravitreal injection of 80 µg and to evaluate the retinal toxicity after intravitreal injection of different doses of grepafloxacin in rabbit eyes. Methods: Fifteen female New Zealand white rabbits and 15 female pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits were injected with 80 µg of grepafloxacin into the vitreous cavity. The grepafloxacin concentration was determined with HPLC after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. Eighteen female rabbits (9 New Zealand white rabbits and 9 pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits) were used for a study of toxicity. The rabbits were divided into 6 treatment groups: group 1 (3 pigmented rabbits) received an intravitreal injection of 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml of saline solution, group 2 (3 white rabbits) 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml, group 3 (3 pigmented rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 4 (3 white rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 5 (3 pigmented rabbits) and group 6 (3 white rabbits) 0.1 ml of saline solution. Clinical examination was performed prior to injection and 24 h and 10 days after surgery. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the injection, and the eyes were enucleated and fixed for histopathology. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Results: No relevant complications were found during the clinical follow-up. All the eyes showed no abnormalities in the histologic evaluation. Conclusion: Grepafloxacin can be considered as a safe alternative for intravitreal injection for the treatment of intraocular infections. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1159/000074073 |
| format | Article |
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Methods: Fifteen female New Zealand white rabbits and 15 female pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits were injected with 80 µg of grepafloxacin into the vitreous cavity. The grepafloxacin concentration was determined with HPLC after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. Eighteen female rabbits (9 New Zealand white rabbits and 9 pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits) were used for a study of toxicity. The rabbits were divided into 6 treatment groups: group 1 (3 pigmented rabbits) received an intravitreal injection of 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml of saline solution, group 2 (3 white rabbits) 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml, group 3 (3 pigmented rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 4 (3 white rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 5 (3 pigmented rabbits) and group 6 (3 white rabbits) 0.1 ml of saline solution. Clinical examination was performed prior to injection and 24 h and 10 days after surgery. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the injection, and the eyes were enucleated and fixed for histopathology. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Results: No relevant complications were found during the clinical follow-up. All the eyes showed no abnormalities in the histologic evaluation. Conclusion: Grepafloxacin can be considered as a safe alternative for intravitreal injection for the treatment of intraocular infections.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-3747</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1423-0259</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1159/000074073</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14688424</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Fluoroquinolones - pharmacokinetics ; Fluoroquinolones - toxicity ; Injections ; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level ; Original Paper ; Piperazines - pharmacokinetics ; Piperazines - toxicity ; Rabbits ; Retina - drug effects ; Retina - pathology ; Safety ; Vitreous Body - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Ophthalmic research, 2003-11, Vol.35 (6), p.335-340</ispartof><rights>2003 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><rights>Copyright 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><rights>Copyright (c) 2003 S. Karger AG, Basel</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-e0adaaed8b7158c204172df075bafca11c79f3884ab4c5651d34878f7db533f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,2429,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14688424$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pinilla, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peréz-Oliván, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solans, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bregante, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramirez, M.T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larrosa, J.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pablo, L.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honrubia, F.M.</creatorcontrib><title>Histological Toxicity of Grepafloxacin after Intravitreal Injection</title><title>Ophthalmic research</title><addtitle>Ophthalmic Res</addtitle><description>Purpose: To determine the intravitreal levels of grepafloxacin after intravitreal injection of 80 µg and to evaluate the retinal toxicity after intravitreal injection of different doses of grepafloxacin in rabbit eyes. Methods: Fifteen female New Zealand white rabbits and 15 female pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits were injected with 80 µg of grepafloxacin into the vitreous cavity. The grepafloxacin concentration was determined with HPLC after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. Eighteen female rabbits (9 New Zealand white rabbits and 9 pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits) were used for a study of toxicity. The rabbits were divided into 6 treatment groups: group 1 (3 pigmented rabbits) received an intravitreal injection of 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml of saline solution, group 2 (3 white rabbits) 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml, group 3 (3 pigmented rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 4 (3 white rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 5 (3 pigmented rabbits) and group 6 (3 white rabbits) 0.1 ml of saline solution. Clinical examination was performed prior to injection and 24 h and 10 days after surgery. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the injection, and the eyes were enucleated and fixed for histopathology. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Results: No relevant complications were found during the clinical follow-up. All the eyes showed no abnormalities in the histologic evaluation. Conclusion: Grepafloxacin can be considered as a safe alternative for intravitreal injection for the treatment of intraocular infections.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluoroquinolones - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Fluoroquinolones - toxicity</subject><subject>Injections</subject><subject>No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Piperazines - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Piperazines - toxicity</subject><subject>Rabbits</subject><subject>Retina - drug effects</subject><subject>Retina - pathology</subject><subject>Safety</subject><subject>Vitreous Body - metabolism</subject><issn>0030-3747</issn><issn>1423-0259</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2003</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNpt0MFLwzAUBvAgipvTg2dBihfxUH1pkqY9ypjbYDCQ3UuaJiOza2rSyfbfm7kxQczlXX587-VD6BbDM8Ysf4HwOAVOzlAf04TEkLD8HPUBCMSEU95DV96vAALO4RL1ME2zjCa0j4YT4ztb26WRoo4Wdmuk6XaR1dHYqVbo2m6FNE0kdKdcNG06J75M51TA02alZGdsc40utKi9ujnOAVq8jRbDSTybj6fD11ksCeVdrEBUQqgqKzlmmUyAYp5UGjgrhZYCY8lzTcJdoqSSpQxXhGY807wqGSGaDNDjIbZ19nOjfFesjZeqrkWj7MYXnLI0B8Z5kA9_5MpuXBNuK5KEpilAlgT0dEDSWe-d0kXrzFq4XYGh2NdanGoN9v4YuCnXqvqVxx5_N34It1TuBObvo5-Eoq32H7j7Fx12fAMGaYYS</recordid><startdate>200311</startdate><enddate>200311</enddate><creator>Pinilla, I.</creator><creator>Peréz-Oliván, S.</creator><creator>Solans, C.</creator><creator>Bregante, M.A.</creator><creator>Ramirez, M.T.</creator><creator>Larrosa, J.M.</creator><creator>Pablo, L.E.</creator><creator>Honrubia, F.M.</creator><general>S. 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pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Fluoroquinolones - toxicity</topic><topic>Injections</topic><topic>No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Piperazines - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Piperazines - toxicity</topic><topic>Rabbits</topic><topic>Retina - drug effects</topic><topic>Retina - pathology</topic><topic>Safety</topic><topic>Vitreous Body - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pinilla, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peréz-Oliván, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Solans, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bregante, M.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramirez, M.T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larrosa, J.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pablo, L.E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Honrubia, F.M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Ophthalmic research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pinilla, I.</au><au>Peréz-Oliván, S.</au><au>Solans, C.</au><au>Bregante, M.A.</au><au>Ramirez, M.T.</au><au>Larrosa, J.M.</au><au>Pablo, L.E.</au><au>Honrubia, F.M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Histological Toxicity of Grepafloxacin after Intravitreal Injection</atitle><jtitle>Ophthalmic research</jtitle><addtitle>Ophthalmic Res</addtitle><date>2003-11</date><risdate>2003</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>335</spage><epage>340</epage><pages>335-340</pages><issn>0030-3747</issn><eissn>1423-0259</eissn><abstract>Purpose: To determine the intravitreal levels of grepafloxacin after intravitreal injection of 80 µg and to evaluate the retinal toxicity after intravitreal injection of different doses of grepafloxacin in rabbit eyes. Methods: Fifteen female New Zealand white rabbits and 15 female pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits were injected with 80 µg of grepafloxacin into the vitreous cavity. The grepafloxacin concentration was determined with HPLC after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. Eighteen female rabbits (9 New Zealand white rabbits and 9 pigmented ‘Gigantes de España’ rabbits) were used for a study of toxicity. The rabbits were divided into 6 treatment groups: group 1 (3 pigmented rabbits) received an intravitreal injection of 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml of saline solution, group 2 (3 white rabbits) 80 µg of grepafloxacin in 0.1 ml, group 3 (3 pigmented rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 4 (3 white rabbits) 800 µg of grepafloxacin, group 5 (3 pigmented rabbits) and group 6 (3 white rabbits) 0.1 ml of saline solution. Clinical examination was performed prior to injection and 24 h and 10 days after surgery. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the injection, and the eyes were enucleated and fixed for histopathology. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue. Results: No relevant complications were found during the clinical follow-up. All the eyes showed no abnormalities in the histologic evaluation. Conclusion: Grepafloxacin can be considered as a safe alternative for intravitreal injection for the treatment of intraocular infections.</abstract><cop>Basel, Switzerland</cop><pub>S. Karger AG</pub><pmid>14688424</pmid><doi>10.1159/000074073</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Female Fluoroquinolones - pharmacokinetics Fluoroquinolones - toxicity Injections No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Original Paper Piperazines - pharmacokinetics Piperazines - toxicity Rabbits Retina - drug effects Retina - pathology Safety Vitreous Body - metabolism |
| title | Histological Toxicity of Grepafloxacin after Intravitreal Injection |
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