A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin
Background. Beta carotene has been associated with a decreased risk of human cancer in many studies employing dietary questionnaires or blood measurements, and it has had protective effects in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Methods. We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta car...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The New England journal of medicine 1990-09, Vol.323 (12), p.789-795 |
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| creator | Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.) Baron, J.A Stukel, T.A Stevens, M.M Mandel, J.S Spencer, S.K Elias, P.M Lowe, N Nierenberg, D.W Bayrd, G |
| description | Background. Beta carotene has been associated with a decreased risk of human cancer in many studies employing dietary questionnaires or blood measurements, and it has had protective effects in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Methods. We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta carotene by randomly assigning 1805 patients who had had a recent nonmelanoma skin cancer to receive either 50 mg of beta carotene or placebo per day and by conducting annual skin examinations to determine the occurrence of new nonmelanoma skin cancer. Results. Adherence to the prescribed treatment was good, and after one year the actively treated group's median plasma beta carotene level (3021 nmol per liter) was much higher than that of the control group (354 nmol per liter). After five years of follow-up, however, there was no difference between the groups in the rate of occurrence of the first new nonmelanoma skin cancer (relative rate, 1.05; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.22). In subgroup analyses, active treatment showed no efficacy either in the patients whose initial plasma beta carotene level was in the lowest quartile or in those who currently smoked. There was also no significant difference between treated and control groups in the mean number of new nonmelanoma skin cancers per patient-year. Conclusions. In persons with a previous nonmelanoma skin cancer, treatment with beta carotene does not reduce the occurrence of new skin cancers over a five-year period of treatment and observation |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1056/NEJM199009203231204 |
| format | Article |
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(Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.) ; Baron, J.A ; Stukel, T.A ; Stevens, M.M ; Mandel, J.S ; Spencer, S.K ; Elias, P.M ; Lowe, N ; Nierenberg, D.W ; Bayrd, G</creator><creatorcontrib>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.) ; Baron, J.A ; Stukel, T.A ; Stevens, M.M ; Mandel, J.S ; Spencer, S.K ; Elias, P.M ; Lowe, N ; Nierenberg, D.W ; Bayrd, G ; the Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group</creatorcontrib><description>Background. Beta carotene has been associated with a decreased risk of human cancer in many studies employing dietary questionnaires or blood measurements, and it has had protective effects in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Methods. We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta carotene by randomly assigning 1805 patients who had had a recent nonmelanoma skin cancer to receive either 50 mg of beta carotene or placebo per day and by conducting annual skin examinations to determine the occurrence of new nonmelanoma skin cancer. Results. Adherence to the prescribed treatment was good, and after one year the actively treated group's median plasma beta carotene level (3021 nmol per liter) was much higher than that of the control group (354 nmol per liter). After five years of follow-up, however, there was no difference between the groups in the rate of occurrence of the first new nonmelanoma skin cancer (relative rate, 1.05; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.22). In subgroup analyses, active treatment showed no efficacy either in the patients whose initial plasma beta carotene level was in the lowest quartile or in those who currently smoked. There was also no significant difference between treated and control groups in the mean number of new nonmelanoma skin cancers per patient-year. Conclusions. In persons with a previous nonmelanoma skin cancer, treatment with beta carotene does not reduce the occurrence of new skin cancers over a five-year period of treatment and observation</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-4793</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1533-4406</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199009203231204</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NEJMAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston, MA: Massachusetts Medical Society</publisher><subject>Animal models ; Antineoplastic agents ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biopsy ; Carcinogenesis ; CARCINOMA ; CARCINOME ; CAROTENOIDE ; CAROTENOIDES ; Chromatography ; Clinical trials ; CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES ; CONTROLE DE MALADIES ; Dermatology ; ESSAI ; FEMME ; Free radicals ; Fruits ; Health maintenance organizations ; HMOs ; HOMBRES ; HOMME ; Hospitals ; Laboratories ; Medical records ; Medical sciences ; Medicine ; Melanoma ; MUJERES ; PEAU ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; PIEL (ANIMAL) ; Plasma ; Prevention ; PRUEBAS ; Public health ; Skin cancer ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Studies ; Vegetables ; Vitamin A ; VITAMINAS ; VITAMINE</subject><ispartof>The New England journal of medicine, 1990-09, Vol.323 (12), p.789-795</ispartof><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Massachusetts Medical Society Sep 20, 1990</rights><rights>Copyright Massachusetts Medical Society, Publishing Division Sep 20, 1990</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-3f3dccc5056e44f1a5b3bf14078305a1da60e11f0b81d04f88becc3e403008793</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-3f3dccc5056e44f1a5b3bf14078305a1da60e11f0b81d04f88becc3e403008793</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM199009203231204$$EPDF$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199009203231204$$EHTML$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2746,2747,26080,27901,27902,52357,54039</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4622557$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baron, J.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stukel, T.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stevens, M.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandel, J.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spencer, S.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elias, P.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lowe, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nierenberg, D.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayrd, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin</title><title>The New England journal of medicine</title><description>Background. Beta carotene has been associated with a decreased risk of human cancer in many studies employing dietary questionnaires or blood measurements, and it has had protective effects in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Methods. We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta carotene by randomly assigning 1805 patients who had had a recent nonmelanoma skin cancer to receive either 50 mg of beta carotene or placebo per day and by conducting annual skin examinations to determine the occurrence of new nonmelanoma skin cancer. Results. Adherence to the prescribed treatment was good, and after one year the actively treated group's median plasma beta carotene level (3021 nmol per liter) was much higher than that of the control group (354 nmol per liter). After five years of follow-up, however, there was no difference between the groups in the rate of occurrence of the first new nonmelanoma skin cancer (relative rate, 1.05; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.22). In subgroup analyses, active treatment showed no efficacy either in the patients whose initial plasma beta carotene level was in the lowest quartile or in those who currently smoked. There was also no significant difference between treated and control groups in the mean number of new nonmelanoma skin cancers per patient-year. Conclusions. In persons with a previous nonmelanoma skin cancer, treatment with beta carotene does not reduce the occurrence of new skin cancers over a five-year period of treatment and observation</description><subject>Animal models</subject><subject>Antineoplastic agents</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biopsy</subject><subject>Carcinogenesis</subject><subject>CARCINOMA</subject><subject>CARCINOME</subject><subject>CAROTENOIDE</subject><subject>CAROTENOIDES</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES</subject><subject>CONTROLE DE MALADIES</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>ESSAI</subject><subject>FEMME</subject><subject>Free radicals</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Health maintenance organizations</subject><subject>HMOs</subject><subject>HOMBRES</subject><subject>HOMME</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Medical records</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Melanoma</subject><subject>MUJERES</subject><subject>PEAU</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>PIEL (ANIMAL)</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>PRUEBAS</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Skin cancer</subject><subject>Squamous cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><subject>Vitamin A</subject><subject>VITAMINAS</subject><subject>VITAMINE</subject><issn>0028-4793</issn><issn>1533-4406</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1990</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMlKBDEQhoMoOC4voJeg3qS1KpVecpTBFZeDepQmnUm0x17GpEfw7Y20eFLMoQLFV19RP2O7CEcIaXZ8e3p1g0oBKAEkCAXIFTbBlCiRErJVNgEQRSJzRetsI4Q5xIdSTdjTCTdN3dVGN3zwday945UdNDfa94PtLB96vvD23XYDr3TQTWJs03DdzXh4W-q2X4axY3RnrA9fguHF8vBad1tszekm2O3vf5M9np0-TC-S67vzy-nJdWKkyoeEHM2MMWk8xUrpUKcVVQ4l5AVBqnGmM7CIDqoCZyBdUVTWGLISCKCIR22yvdG78P3b0oahnPdL38WVpRCk0iyHIkL7f0GoCiIglWOkaKSM70Pw1pULX7faf5QI5VfY5S9hx6mDb7cOMUrnYxZ1-BmVmRBpmkfscMTaNpSdnbf_SHdG2um-1M8-Ch_vFaIUoOgTUkSQ_w</recordid><startdate>19900920</startdate><enddate>19900920</enddate><creator>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.)</creator><creator>Baron, J.A</creator><creator>Stukel, T.A</creator><creator>Stevens, M.M</creator><creator>Mandel, J.S</creator><creator>Spencer, S.K</creator><creator>Elias, P.M</creator><creator>Lowe, N</creator><creator>Nierenberg, D.W</creator><creator>Bayrd, G</creator><general>Massachusetts Medical Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0TZ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K0Y</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19900920</creationdate><title>A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin</title><author>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.) ; Baron, J.A ; Stukel, T.A ; Stevens, M.M ; Mandel, J.S ; Spencer, S.K ; Elias, P.M ; Lowe, N ; Nierenberg, D.W ; Bayrd, G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-3f3dccc5056e44f1a5b3bf14078305a1da60e11f0b81d04f88becc3e403008793</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1990</creationdate><topic>Animal models</topic><topic>Antineoplastic agents</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biopsy</topic><topic>Carcinogenesis</topic><topic>CARCINOMA</topic><topic>CARCINOME</topic><topic>CAROTENOIDE</topic><topic>CAROTENOIDES</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES</topic><topic>CONTROLE DE MALADIES</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>ESSAI</topic><topic>FEMME</topic><topic>Free radicals</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Health maintenance organizations</topic><topic>HMOs</topic><topic>HOMBRES</topic><topic>HOMME</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Medical records</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Melanoma</topic><topic>MUJERES</topic><topic>PEAU</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>PIEL (ANIMAL)</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>PRUEBAS</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Skin cancer</topic><topic>Squamous cell carcinoma</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Vegetables</topic><topic>Vitamin A</topic><topic>VITAMINAS</topic><topic>VITAMINE</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baron, J.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stukel, T.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stevens, M.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mandel, J.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spencer, S.K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elias, P.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lowe, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nierenberg, D.W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bayrd, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>the Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Pharma and Biotech Premium PRO</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>New England Journal of Medicine</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>The New England journal of medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Greenberg, E.R. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.)</au><au>Baron, J.A</au><au>Stukel, T.A</au><au>Stevens, M.M</au><au>Mandel, J.S</au><au>Spencer, S.K</au><au>Elias, P.M</au><au>Lowe, N</au><au>Nierenberg, D.W</au><au>Bayrd, G</au><aucorp>the Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin</atitle><jtitle>The New England journal of medicine</jtitle><date>1990-09-20</date><risdate>1990</risdate><volume>323</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>789</spage><epage>795</epage><pages>789-795</pages><issn>0028-4793</issn><eissn>1533-4406</eissn><coden>NEJMAG</coden><abstract>Background. Beta carotene has been associated with a decreased risk of human cancer in many studies employing dietary questionnaires or blood measurements, and it has had protective effects in some animal models of carcinogenesis. Methods. We tested the possible cancer-preventing effects of beta carotene by randomly assigning 1805 patients who had had a recent nonmelanoma skin cancer to receive either 50 mg of beta carotene or placebo per day and by conducting annual skin examinations to determine the occurrence of new nonmelanoma skin cancer. Results. Adherence to the prescribed treatment was good, and after one year the actively treated group's median plasma beta carotene level (3021 nmol per liter) was much higher than that of the control group (354 nmol per liter). After five years of follow-up, however, there was no difference between the groups in the rate of occurrence of the first new nonmelanoma skin cancer (relative rate, 1.05; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.91 to 1.22). In subgroup analyses, active treatment showed no efficacy either in the patients whose initial plasma beta carotene level was in the lowest quartile or in those who currently smoked. There was also no significant difference between treated and control groups in the mean number of new nonmelanoma skin cancers per patient-year. Conclusions. In persons with a previous nonmelanoma skin cancer, treatment with beta carotene does not reduce the occurrence of new skin cancers over a five-year period of treatment and observation</abstract><cop>Boston, MA</cop><pub>Massachusetts Medical Society</pub><doi>10.1056/NEJM199009203231204</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; New England Journal of Medicine |
| subjects | Animal models Antineoplastic agents Biological and medical sciences Biopsy Carcinogenesis CARCINOMA CARCINOME CAROTENOIDE CAROTENOIDES Chromatography Clinical trials CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES CONTROLE DE MALADIES Dermatology ESSAI FEMME Free radicals Fruits Health maintenance organizations HMOs HOMBRES HOMME Hospitals Laboratories Medical records Medical sciences Medicine Melanoma MUJERES PEAU Pharmacology. Drug treatments PIEL (ANIMAL) Plasma Prevention PRUEBAS Public health Skin cancer Squamous cell carcinoma Studies Vegetables Vitamin A VITAMINAS VITAMINE |
| title | A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin |
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