Platelet-Activating Factor, PAF Acetylhydrolase, and Severe Anaphylaxis
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an anaphylactic mediator that is degraded in the blood by the enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase. In this study, patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating PAF and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients wi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The New England journal of medicine 2008-01, Vol.358 (1), p.28-35 |
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| creator | Vadas, Peter Gold, Milton Perelman, Boris Liss, Gary M Lack, Gideon Blyth, Thomas Simons, F. Estelle R Simons, Keith J Cass, Dan Yeung, Jupiter |
| description | Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an anaphylactic mediator that is degraded in the blood by the enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase. In this study, patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating PAF and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis. PAF-acetylhydrolase levels were low in patients who died as a result of an anaphylactic reaction to peanuts.
Patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially fatal, immediate hypersensitivity reaction characterized by laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, systemic hypotension, and vascular leakage.
1
Factors that predispose persons to anaphylaxis include age, atopy, asthma, mastocytosis, and activating mutations of mast cells.
2
–
4
Preformed and newly formed biochemical mediators, including histamine, tryptase, carboxypeptidase A, prostaglandin D
2
, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor (PAF), are released systemically during the degranulation of mast cells and basophils.
5
PAF is a proinflammatory phospholipid synthesized and secreted by mast cells, monocytes, and fixed tissue macrophages.
6
Circulating levels of PAF are, in part, controlled by the activity of PAF acetylhydrolase, which is . . . |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1056/NEJMoa070030 |
| format | Article |
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Patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially fatal, immediate hypersensitivity reaction characterized by laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, systemic hypotension, and vascular leakage.
1
Factors that predispose persons to anaphylaxis include age, atopy, asthma, mastocytosis, and activating mutations of mast cells.
2
–
4
Preformed and newly formed biochemical mediators, including histamine, tryptase, carboxypeptidase A, prostaglandin D
2
, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor (PAF), are released systemically during the degranulation of mast cells and basophils.
5
PAF is a proinflammatory phospholipid synthesized and secreted by mast cells, monocytes, and fixed tissue macrophages.
6
Circulating levels of PAF are, in part, controlled by the activity of PAF acetylhydrolase, which is . . .</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-4793</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1533-4406</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa070030</identifier><identifier>PMID: 18172172</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NEJMAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston, MA: Massachusetts Medical Society</publisher><subject>1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase - blood ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Allergies ; Anaphylaxis - blood ; Anaphylaxis - mortality ; Asthma - blood ; Asthma - immunology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - blood ; Blood pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coma ; Drug Hypersensitivity - blood ; Epinephrine - pharmacology ; Epinephrine - therapeutic use ; Female ; General aspects ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Insect Bites and Stings - blood ; Insect Bites and Stings - immunology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Peanut Hypersensitivity - blood ; Platelet Activating Factor - analysis ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Rodents ; Severity of Illness Index ; Teaching hospitals</subject><ispartof>The New England journal of medicine, 2008-01, Vol.358 (1), p.28-35</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>2008 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c569t-67866ce4c75efa60872a0346d6df555f3b8cfe317d23cafd61d43e163afa53453</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c569t-67866ce4c75efa60872a0346d6df555f3b8cfe317d23cafd61d43e163afa53453</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa070030$$EPDF$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa070030$$EHTML$$P50$$Gmms$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2746,2747,26080,27901,27902,52357,54039</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=19971643$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18172172$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vadas, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gold, Milton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perelman, Boris</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liss, Gary M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lack, Gideon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blyth, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simons, F. Estelle R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simons, Keith J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cass, Dan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yeung, Jupiter</creatorcontrib><title>Platelet-Activating Factor, PAF Acetylhydrolase, and Severe Anaphylaxis</title><title>The New England journal of medicine</title><addtitle>N Engl J Med</addtitle><description>Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an anaphylactic mediator that is degraded in the blood by the enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase. In this study, patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating PAF and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis. PAF-acetylhydrolase levels were low in patients who died as a result of an anaphylactic reaction to peanuts.
Patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially fatal, immediate hypersensitivity reaction characterized by laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, systemic hypotension, and vascular leakage.
1
Factors that predispose persons to anaphylaxis include age, atopy, asthma, mastocytosis, and activating mutations of mast cells.
2
–
4
Preformed and newly formed biochemical mediators, including histamine, tryptase, carboxypeptidase A, prostaglandin D
2
, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor (PAF), are released systemically during the degranulation of mast cells and basophils.
5
PAF is a proinflammatory phospholipid synthesized and secreted by mast cells, monocytes, and fixed tissue macrophages.
6
Circulating levels of PAF are, in part, controlled by the activity of PAF acetylhydrolase, which is . . .</description><subject>1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase - blood</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Allergies</subject><subject>Anaphylaxis - blood</subject><subject>Anaphylaxis - mortality</subject><subject>Asthma - blood</subject><subject>Asthma - immunology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Coma</subject><subject>Drug Hypersensitivity - blood</subject><subject>Epinephrine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Epinephrine - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Injections, Intramuscular</subject><subject>Insect Bites and Stings - blood</subject><subject>Insect Bites and Stings - immunology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Peanut Hypersensitivity - blood</subject><subject>Platelet Activating Factor - analysis</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Severity of Illness Index</subject><subject>Teaching hospitals</subject><issn>0028-4793</issn><issn>1533-4406</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpt0E1Lw0AQBuBFFFurN88SRG-N7vcmx1DaqlQtqOcw3ezalHzU3bSYf2-khXpwGJjLwzvwInRJ8B3BQt6_jJ-ea8AKY4aPUJ8IxkLOsTxGfYxpFHIVsx46836FuyE8PkU9EhFFu-2j6byAxhSmCRPd5Fto8uozmIBuajcM5skkSLRp2mLZZq4uwJthAFUWvJmtcSZIKlgv2wK-c3-OTiwU3lzs7wB9TMbvo4dw9jp9HCWzUAsZN6FUkZTacK2EsSBxpChgxmUmMyuEsGwRaWsYURllGmwmScaZIZKBBcG4YAN0vctdu_prY3yTruqNq7qXKaUspiqipEPDHdKu9t4Zm65dXoJrU4LT39LSv6V1_GqfuVmUJjvgfUsduN0D8BoK66DSuT-4OFZEcta5m50rS59WZlX-_-8HP7h-JQ</recordid><startdate>20080103</startdate><enddate>20080103</enddate><creator>Vadas, Peter</creator><creator>Gold, Milton</creator><creator>Perelman, Boris</creator><creator>Liss, Gary M</creator><creator>Lack, Gideon</creator><creator>Blyth, Thomas</creator><creator>Simons, F. 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Estelle R</au><au>Simons, Keith J</au><au>Cass, Dan</au><au>Yeung, Jupiter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Platelet-Activating Factor, PAF Acetylhydrolase, and Severe Anaphylaxis</atitle><jtitle>The New England journal of medicine</jtitle><addtitle>N Engl J Med</addtitle><date>2008-01-03</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>358</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>28</spage><epage>35</epage><pages>28-35</pages><issn>0028-4793</issn><eissn>1533-4406</eissn><coden>NEJMAG</coden><abstract>Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an anaphylactic mediator that is degraded in the blood by the enzyme PAF acetylhydrolase. In this study, patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating PAF and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis. PAF-acetylhydrolase levels were low in patients who died as a result of an anaphylactic reaction to peanuts.
Patients with anaphylactic reactions were found to have higher levels of circulating platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lower levels of PAF acetylhydrolase activity than were patients without anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially fatal, immediate hypersensitivity reaction characterized by laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, systemic hypotension, and vascular leakage.
1
Factors that predispose persons to anaphylaxis include age, atopy, asthma, mastocytosis, and activating mutations of mast cells.
2
–
4
Preformed and newly formed biochemical mediators, including histamine, tryptase, carboxypeptidase A, prostaglandin D
2
, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor (PAF), are released systemically during the degranulation of mast cells and basophils.
5
PAF is a proinflammatory phospholipid synthesized and secreted by mast cells, monocytes, and fixed tissue macrophages.
6
Circulating levels of PAF are, in part, controlled by the activity of PAF acetylhydrolase, which is . . .</abstract><cop>Boston, MA</cop><pub>Massachusetts Medical Society</pub><pmid>18172172</pmid><doi>10.1056/NEJMoa070030</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The New England journal of medicine, 2008-01, Vol.358 (1), p.28-35 |
| issn | 0028-4793 1533-4406 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; New England Journal of Medicine |
| subjects | 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase - blood Adolescent Adult Age Aged Allergies Anaphylaxis - blood Anaphylaxis - mortality Asthma - blood Asthma - immunology Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - blood Blood pressure Case-Control Studies Child Child, Preschool Coma Drug Hypersensitivity - blood Epinephrine - pharmacology Epinephrine - therapeutic use Female General aspects Humans Injections, Intramuscular Insect Bites and Stings - blood Insect Bites and Stings - immunology Male Medical sciences Peanut Hypersensitivity - blood Platelet Activating Factor - analysis Prospective Studies Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Rodents Severity of Illness Index Teaching hospitals |
| title | Platelet-Activating Factor, PAF Acetylhydrolase, and Severe Anaphylaxis |
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