A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Background Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men in the world, and radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment modality for this cancer. Although this treatment modality effectively kills prostate cancerous cells, it unavoidably irradiates the organs/tissues that are away from...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of cellular physiology 2019-09, Vol.234 (9), p.14828-14837 |
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| creator | Farhood, Bagher Mortezaee, Keywan Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed Khanlarkhani, Neda Salehi, Ensieh Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani Najafi, Masoud Sahebkar, Amirhossein |
| description | Background
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men in the world, and radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment modality for this cancer. Although this treatment modality effectively kills prostate cancerous cells, it unavoidably irradiates the organs/tissues that are away from the treatment site. In this regard, radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy can affect sexual function, reproduction, and quality of life in cancer survivors. This review summarizes the available data on testicular exposure to radiation during prostate radiotherapy and the consequences on testicular function.
Methods
To illuminate the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy, a systematic search was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and clinical trials electronic databases up to September 2018. According to a set of prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 eligible articles providing data on testicular function following radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer were included in the study.
Results
According to the different radiotherapeutic techniques used for prostate cancer treatment, the total tumor dose and scattered testicular dose values were ranging from 36.25 to 78.00 Gy and 0.06 to 6.48 Gy, respectively. Luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly higher in comparison with the pretreatment levels. Around 60% of the studies showed that testosterone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly lower than the pretreatment levels. Furthermore, erectile dysfunction (ED), as an adverse side effect resulting from prostate radiotherapy, was reported and this complication is significantly correlated with lower satisfaction with sexual life. Testicular atrophy following prostate radiotherapy has also been observed and its frequency in patients with prior prostate radiotherapy is 2.5 times more than that in the patients without prior radiotherapy.
Conclusion
The data revealed that the scattered dose to testicular tissues during prostate radiotherapy can lead to testicular atrophy, variation of the male sex hormones, and quality of sexual life.
The current study is the first systematic review on the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jcp.28283 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2229849842</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2229849842</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4193-a6471282c79cfb0a0b4704d595ed9a0e8593136576ea026c304bf045983b4c783</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kEtOwzAQhi0EoqWw4ALIEisWacePPLxEFU9VggWsI8dxwCVNgp1QsuMInJGTYJrCDmmkkWa--WfmR-iYwJQA0NlSNVOa0ITtoDEBEQc8CukuGvseCUTIyQgdOLcEACEY20cjBjGHKGFj9HKOXe9avZKtUdjqN6PXuC6wlbnxpbr6-vg0Vd4pneNWOw91pbS4rd-NMq3RDhd1WdZrUz1tZur2WVvZ9L5scWNr18pWYyUrpe0h2itk6fTRNk_Q4-XFw_w6WNxd3czPF4HiRLBARjwm_h0VC1VkICHjMfA8FKHOhQSdhIIRFoVxpCXQSDHgWQE8FAnLuIoTNkGng67f_9r5o9Nl3dnKr0wppSLhPqinzgZK-Sud1UXaWLOStk8JpD-2pt7WdGOrZ0-2il220vkf-eujB2YDsDal7v9XSm_n94PkN7Ftg2s</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2229849842</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer</title><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Farhood, Bagher ; Mortezaee, Keywan ; Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed ; Khanlarkhani, Neda ; Salehi, Ensieh ; Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani ; Najafi, Masoud ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein</creator><creatorcontrib>Farhood, Bagher ; Mortezaee, Keywan ; Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed ; Khanlarkhani, Neda ; Salehi, Ensieh ; Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani ; Najafi, Masoud ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men in the world, and radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment modality for this cancer. Although this treatment modality effectively kills prostate cancerous cells, it unavoidably irradiates the organs/tissues that are away from the treatment site. In this regard, radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy can affect sexual function, reproduction, and quality of life in cancer survivors. This review summarizes the available data on testicular exposure to radiation during prostate radiotherapy and the consequences on testicular function.
Methods
To illuminate the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy, a systematic search was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and clinical trials electronic databases up to September 2018. According to a set of prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 eligible articles providing data on testicular function following radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer were included in the study.
Results
According to the different radiotherapeutic techniques used for prostate cancer treatment, the total tumor dose and scattered testicular dose values were ranging from 36.25 to 78.00 Gy and 0.06 to 6.48 Gy, respectively. Luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly higher in comparison with the pretreatment levels. Around 60% of the studies showed that testosterone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly lower than the pretreatment levels. Furthermore, erectile dysfunction (ED), as an adverse side effect resulting from prostate radiotherapy, was reported and this complication is significantly correlated with lower satisfaction with sexual life. Testicular atrophy following prostate radiotherapy has also been observed and its frequency in patients with prior prostate radiotherapy is 2.5 times more than that in the patients without prior radiotherapy.
Conclusion
The data revealed that the scattered dose to testicular tissues during prostate radiotherapy can lead to testicular atrophy, variation of the male sex hormones, and quality of sexual life.
The current study is the first systematic review on the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize data regarding the effect of prostate radiotherapy on the testicular function.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9541</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-4652</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28283</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30740683</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Atrophy ; Background radiation ; Clinical trials ; Erectile dysfunction ; Hormones ; Literature reviews ; Luteinizing hormone ; Malignancy ; Medical research ; Men ; Organs ; Patients ; Pretreatment ; Prostate cancer ; Quality of life ; Radiation therapy ; radiotherapy ; Reproduction (biology) ; Sex hormones ; Side effects ; systematic review ; Testes ; testicular function ; testicular radiation dose ; Testosterone ; Toxicity</subject><ispartof>Journal of cellular physiology, 2019-09, Vol.234 (9), p.14828-14837</ispartof><rights>2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4193-a6471282c79cfb0a0b4704d595ed9a0e8593136576ea026c304bf045983b4c783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4193-a6471282c79cfb0a0b4704d595ed9a0e8593136576ea026c304bf045983b4c783</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8656-1444</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjcp.28283$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjcp.28283$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30740683$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Farhood, Bagher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortezaee, Keywan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khanlarkhani, Neda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salehi, Ensieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Najafi, Masoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sahebkar, Amirhossein</creatorcontrib><title>A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer</title><title>Journal of cellular physiology</title><addtitle>J Cell Physiol</addtitle><description>Background
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men in the world, and radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment modality for this cancer. Although this treatment modality effectively kills prostate cancerous cells, it unavoidably irradiates the organs/tissues that are away from the treatment site. In this regard, radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy can affect sexual function, reproduction, and quality of life in cancer survivors. This review summarizes the available data on testicular exposure to radiation during prostate radiotherapy and the consequences on testicular function.
Methods
To illuminate the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy, a systematic search was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and clinical trials electronic databases up to September 2018. According to a set of prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 eligible articles providing data on testicular function following radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer were included in the study.
Results
According to the different radiotherapeutic techniques used for prostate cancer treatment, the total tumor dose and scattered testicular dose values were ranging from 36.25 to 78.00 Gy and 0.06 to 6.48 Gy, respectively. Luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly higher in comparison with the pretreatment levels. Around 60% of the studies showed that testosterone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly lower than the pretreatment levels. Furthermore, erectile dysfunction (ED), as an adverse side effect resulting from prostate radiotherapy, was reported and this complication is significantly correlated with lower satisfaction with sexual life. Testicular atrophy following prostate radiotherapy has also been observed and its frequency in patients with prior prostate radiotherapy is 2.5 times more than that in the patients without prior radiotherapy.
Conclusion
The data revealed that the scattered dose to testicular tissues during prostate radiotherapy can lead to testicular atrophy, variation of the male sex hormones, and quality of sexual life.
The current study is the first systematic review on the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize data regarding the effect of prostate radiotherapy on the testicular function.</description><subject>Atrophy</subject><subject>Background radiation</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Erectile dysfunction</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Literature reviews</subject><subject>Luteinizing hormone</subject><subject>Malignancy</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Organs</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Pretreatment</subject><subject>Prostate cancer</subject><subject>Quality of life</subject><subject>Radiation therapy</subject><subject>radiotherapy</subject><subject>Reproduction (biology)</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Side effects</subject><subject>systematic review</subject><subject>Testes</subject><subject>testicular function</subject><subject>testicular radiation dose</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><issn>0021-9541</issn><issn>1097-4652</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kEtOwzAQhi0EoqWw4ALIEisWacePPLxEFU9VggWsI8dxwCVNgp1QsuMInJGTYJrCDmmkkWa--WfmR-iYwJQA0NlSNVOa0ITtoDEBEQc8CukuGvseCUTIyQgdOLcEACEY20cjBjGHKGFj9HKOXe9avZKtUdjqN6PXuC6wlbnxpbr6-vg0Vd4pneNWOw91pbS4rd-NMq3RDhd1WdZrUz1tZur2WVvZ9L5scWNr18pWYyUrpe0h2itk6fTRNk_Q4-XFw_w6WNxd3czPF4HiRLBARjwm_h0VC1VkICHjMfA8FKHOhQSdhIIRFoVxpCXQSDHgWQE8FAnLuIoTNkGng67f_9r5o9Nl3dnKr0wppSLhPqinzgZK-Sud1UXaWLOStk8JpD-2pt7WdGOrZ0-2il220vkf-eujB2YDsDal7v9XSm_n94PkN7Ftg2s</recordid><startdate>201909</startdate><enddate>201909</enddate><creator>Farhood, Bagher</creator><creator>Mortezaee, Keywan</creator><creator>Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed</creator><creator>Khanlarkhani, Neda</creator><creator>Salehi, Ensieh</creator><creator>Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani</creator><creator>Najafi, Masoud</creator><creator>Sahebkar, Amirhossein</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1444</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201909</creationdate><title>A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer</title><author>Farhood, Bagher ; Mortezaee, Keywan ; Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed ; Khanlarkhani, Neda ; Salehi, Ensieh ; Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani ; Najafi, Masoud ; Sahebkar, Amirhossein</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4193-a6471282c79cfb0a0b4704d595ed9a0e8593136576ea026c304bf045983b4c783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Atrophy</topic><topic>Background radiation</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Erectile dysfunction</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Literature reviews</topic><topic>Luteinizing hormone</topic><topic>Malignancy</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Men</topic><topic>Organs</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Pretreatment</topic><topic>Prostate cancer</topic><topic>Quality of life</topic><topic>Radiation therapy</topic><topic>radiotherapy</topic><topic>Reproduction (biology)</topic><topic>Sex hormones</topic><topic>Side effects</topic><topic>systematic review</topic><topic>Testes</topic><topic>testicular function</topic><topic>testicular radiation dose</topic><topic>Testosterone</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Farhood, Bagher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortezaee, Keywan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khanlarkhani, Neda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salehi, Ensieh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Najafi, Masoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sahebkar, Amirhossein</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of cellular physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Farhood, Bagher</au><au>Mortezaee, Keywan</au><au>Haghi‐Aminjan, Hamed</au><au>Khanlarkhani, Neda</au><au>Salehi, Ensieh</au><au>Nashtaei, Maryam Shabani</au><au>Najafi, Masoud</au><au>Sahebkar, Amirhossein</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer</atitle><jtitle>Journal of cellular physiology</jtitle><addtitle>J Cell Physiol</addtitle><date>2019-09</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>234</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>14828</spage><epage>14837</epage><pages>14828-14837</pages><issn>0021-9541</issn><eissn>1097-4652</eissn><abstract>Background
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men in the world, and radiotherapy is used as a standard treatment modality for this cancer. Although this treatment modality effectively kills prostate cancerous cells, it unavoidably irradiates the organs/tissues that are away from the treatment site. In this regard, radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy can affect sexual function, reproduction, and quality of life in cancer survivors. This review summarizes the available data on testicular exposure to radiation during prostate radiotherapy and the consequences on testicular function.
Methods
To illuminate the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy, a systematic search was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guideline in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and clinical trials electronic databases up to September 2018. According to a set of prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 eligible articles providing data on testicular function following radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer were included in the study.
Results
According to the different radiotherapeutic techniques used for prostate cancer treatment, the total tumor dose and scattered testicular dose values were ranging from 36.25 to 78.00 Gy and 0.06 to 6.48 Gy, respectively. Luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly higher in comparison with the pretreatment levels. Around 60% of the studies showed that testosterone levels after prostate radiotherapy were significantly lower than the pretreatment levels. Furthermore, erectile dysfunction (ED), as an adverse side effect resulting from prostate radiotherapy, was reported and this complication is significantly correlated with lower satisfaction with sexual life. Testicular atrophy following prostate radiotherapy has also been observed and its frequency in patients with prior prostate radiotherapy is 2.5 times more than that in the patients without prior radiotherapy.
Conclusion
The data revealed that the scattered dose to testicular tissues during prostate radiotherapy can lead to testicular atrophy, variation of the male sex hormones, and quality of sexual life.
The current study is the first systematic review on the radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following prostate radiotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize data regarding the effect of prostate radiotherapy on the testicular function.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>30740683</pmid><doi>10.1002/jcp.28283</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-1444</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | Atrophy Background radiation Clinical trials Erectile dysfunction Hormones Literature reviews Luteinizing hormone Malignancy Medical research Men Organs Patients Pretreatment Prostate cancer Quality of life Radiation therapy radiotherapy Reproduction (biology) Sex hormones Side effects systematic review Testes testicular function testicular radiation dose Testosterone Toxicity |
| title | A systematic review of radiation‐induced testicular toxicities following radiotherapy for prostate cancer |
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