Fetal acidosis and hypotension during repeated umbilical cord occlusions are associated with enhanced chemoreflex responses in near-term fetal sheep
1 Departments of Physiology, and 2 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Submitted 18 April 2005 ; accepted in final form 15 June 2005 This study examined the hypothesis that repeated episodes of brief but severe hypoxia would not attenuate the chemoreflex-mediate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2005-10, Vol.99 (4), p.1477-1482 |
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| container_title | Journal of applied physiology (1985) |
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| creator | Bennet, Laura Westgate, Jenny A Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack") Wassink, Guido Gunn, Alistair J |
| description | 1 Departments of Physiology, and 2 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Submitted 18 April 2005
; accepted in final form 15 June 2005
This study examined the hypothesis that repeated episodes of brief but severe hypoxia would not attenuate the chemoreflex-mediated rapid initial fall in fetal heart rate (FHR) and, further, that greater hypoxic stress, as shown by hypotension and metabolic acidosis, would be associated with an enhanced chemoreflex response. Chronically instrumented, near-term fetal sheep received 1 min total umbilical cord occlusion either every 5 min for 4 h (1:5 group; n = 8) or every 2.5 min (1:2.5 group; n = 8) until mean arterial blood pressure fell to |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/japplphysiol.00431.2005 |
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Submitted 18 April 2005
; accepted in final form 15 June 2005
This study examined the hypothesis that repeated episodes of brief but severe hypoxia would not attenuate the chemoreflex-mediated rapid initial fall in fetal heart rate (FHR) and, further, that greater hypoxic stress, as shown by hypotension and metabolic acidosis, would be associated with an enhanced chemoreflex response. Chronically instrumented, near-term fetal sheep received 1 min total umbilical cord occlusion either every 5 min for 4 h (1:5 group; n = 8) or every 2.5 min (1:2.5 group; n = 8) until mean arterial blood pressure fell to <20 mmHg on two successive occlusions. Umbilical cord occlusion caused variable decelerations, with sustained hypertension in the 1:5 group and little change in acid-base status (pH 7.34 ± 0.03 after 4 h). In contrast, the 1:2.5 group showed progressive hypotension and metabolic acidemia (pH 6.92 ± 0.04 after the last occlusion). The 1:2.5 group showed a significant increase in the rate of initial fall in FHR during the occlusion series, which was greater than the 1:5 group in the last 30 min of the occlusion series (9.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.5 ± 0.3 beats·min 1 ·s 1 ; P < 0.01), with a greater fall in FHR (71.9 ± 6.5 vs. 47.0 ± 8.7 beats/min; P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that repetitive laborlike cord occlusions, which led to severe fetal compromise, were associated with an increase in the slope and magnitude of the initial FHR deceleration. These findings support the concept of the chemoreflex as a central, robust component of fetal adaptation to severe hypoxia.
variable decelerations
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. J. Gunn, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand (e-mail: aj.gunn{at}auckland.ac.nz )</description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00431.2005</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15976361</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPHEV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Am Physiological Soc</publisher><subject>Acidosis - etiology ; Acidosis - physiopathology ; Animal reproduction ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Pressure ; Chemoreceptor Cells - physiopathology ; Fetal Diseases - etiology ; Fetal Diseases - physiopathology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gestational Age ; Heart Rate, Fetal ; Hypertension ; Hypotension - etiology ; Hypotension - physiopathology ; Hypoxia - etiology ; Hypoxia - physiopathology ; Ligation ; Reflex ; Reflexes ; Sheep ; Stress ; Stress, Physiological - etiology ; Stress, Physiological - physiopathology ; Time Factors ; Umbilical Cord</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2005-10, Vol.99 (4), p.1477-1482</ispartof><rights>2006 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Oct 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-ed4c246c0358209a71fb68ce0d475925130e1380ea3e95d2d71396230fbed14c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-ed4c246c0358209a71fb68ce0d475925130e1380ea3e95d2d71396230fbed14c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3039,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=17568201$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15976361$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bennet, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Westgate, Jenny A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack")</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wassink, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, Alistair J</creatorcontrib><title>Fetal acidosis and hypotension during repeated umbilical cord occlusions are associated with enhanced chemoreflex responses in near-term fetal sheep</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description>1 Departments of Physiology, and 2 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Submitted 18 April 2005
; accepted in final form 15 June 2005
This study examined the hypothesis that repeated episodes of brief but severe hypoxia would not attenuate the chemoreflex-mediated rapid initial fall in fetal heart rate (FHR) and, further, that greater hypoxic stress, as shown by hypotension and metabolic acidosis, would be associated with an enhanced chemoreflex response. Chronically instrumented, near-term fetal sheep received 1 min total umbilical cord occlusion either every 5 min for 4 h (1:5 group; n = 8) or every 2.5 min (1:2.5 group; n = 8) until mean arterial blood pressure fell to <20 mmHg on two successive occlusions. Umbilical cord occlusion caused variable decelerations, with sustained hypertension in the 1:5 group and little change in acid-base status (pH 7.34 ± 0.03 after 4 h). In contrast, the 1:2.5 group showed progressive hypotension and metabolic acidemia (pH 6.92 ± 0.04 after the last occlusion). The 1:2.5 group showed a significant increase in the rate of initial fall in FHR during the occlusion series, which was greater than the 1:5 group in the last 30 min of the occlusion series (9.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.5 ± 0.3 beats·min 1 ·s 1 ; P < 0.01), with a greater fall in FHR (71.9 ± 6.5 vs. 47.0 ± 8.7 beats/min; P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that repetitive laborlike cord occlusions, which led to severe fetal compromise, were associated with an increase in the slope and magnitude of the initial FHR deceleration. These findings support the concept of the chemoreflex as a central, robust component of fetal adaptation to severe hypoxia.
variable decelerations
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. J. Gunn, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand (e-mail: aj.gunn{at}auckland.ac.nz )</description><subject>Acidosis - etiology</subject><subject>Acidosis - physiopathology</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Chemoreceptor Cells - physiopathology</subject><subject>Fetal Diseases - etiology</subject><subject>Fetal Diseases - physiopathology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gestational Age</subject><subject>Heart Rate, Fetal</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Hypotension - etiology</subject><subject>Hypotension - physiopathology</subject><subject>Hypoxia - etiology</subject><subject>Hypoxia - physiopathology</subject><subject>Ligation</subject><subject>Reflex</subject><subject>Reflexes</subject><subject>Sheep</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - etiology</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological - physiopathology</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Umbilical Cord</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV2L1DAUhoso7rj6FzQIijcd89m0l7I4Kix4s16HTHI6zZA2NWnZnf_hDzadKa4IXoVDnvc9H29RvCF4S4igH496HP3YnZILfosxZ2RLMRZPik3-pSWpMHlabGopcClFLa-KFykdMSacC_K8uCKikRWryKb4tYNJe6SNsyG5hPRgUXcawwRD9h6QnaMbDijCCHoCi-Z-77wzWWJCtCgY4-cFzMoISKcUjDuD927qEAydHkyuTAd9iNB6eMheacwCSMgNaAAdywlij9rzIKkDGF8Wz1rtE7xa3-vix-7z3c3X8vb7l283n25Lw3k1lWC5obwymIma4kZL0u6r2gC2XIqGCsIwEFZj0AwaYamVhDUVZbjdgyXcsOvi_cV3jOHnDGlSvUsGvNcDhDmpqhZS1lhm8O0_4DHMccizKUopkYKRKkPyApkYUsrLqjG6XseTIlgtqam_U1Pn1NSSWla-Xu3nfQ_2UbfGlIF3K6BTvn0b81VdeuSkqPIFFu7Dhevcobt3EdTaLRxOS3fVNIorwuWyEv8_upu9v4OHadH8kajRtuw3E9rIQw</recordid><startdate>20051001</startdate><enddate>20051001</enddate><creator>Bennet, Laura</creator><creator>Westgate, Jenny A</creator><creator>Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack")</creator><creator>Wassink, Guido</creator><creator>Gunn, Alistair J</creator><general>Am Physiological Soc</general><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20051001</creationdate><title>Fetal acidosis and hypotension during repeated umbilical cord occlusions are associated with enhanced chemoreflex responses in near-term fetal sheep</title><author>Bennet, Laura ; Westgate, Jenny A ; Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack") ; Wassink, Guido ; Gunn, Alistair J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-ed4c246c0358209a71fb68ce0d475925130e1380ea3e95d2d71396230fbed14c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>Acidosis - etiology</topic><topic>Acidosis - physiopathology</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Chemoreceptor Cells - physiopathology</topic><topic>Fetal Diseases - etiology</topic><topic>Fetal Diseases - physiopathology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gestational Age</topic><topic>Heart Rate, Fetal</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Hypotension - etiology</topic><topic>Hypotension - physiopathology</topic><topic>Hypoxia - etiology</topic><topic>Hypoxia - physiopathology</topic><topic>Ligation</topic><topic>Reflex</topic><topic>Reflexes</topic><topic>Sheep</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - etiology</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological - physiopathology</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Umbilical Cord</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bennet, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Westgate, Jenny A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack")</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wassink, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gunn, Alistair J</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bennet, Laura</au><au>Westgate, Jenny A</au><au>Liu, Yung-Chi ("Jack")</au><au>Wassink, Guido</au><au>Gunn, Alistair J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fetal acidosis and hypotension during repeated umbilical cord occlusions are associated with enhanced chemoreflex responses in near-term fetal sheep</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>2005-10-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>99</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1477</spage><epage>1482</epage><pages>1477-1482</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><coden>JAPHEV</coden><abstract>1 Departments of Physiology, and 2 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Submitted 18 April 2005
; accepted in final form 15 June 2005
This study examined the hypothesis that repeated episodes of brief but severe hypoxia would not attenuate the chemoreflex-mediated rapid initial fall in fetal heart rate (FHR) and, further, that greater hypoxic stress, as shown by hypotension and metabolic acidosis, would be associated with an enhanced chemoreflex response. Chronically instrumented, near-term fetal sheep received 1 min total umbilical cord occlusion either every 5 min for 4 h (1:5 group; n = 8) or every 2.5 min (1:2.5 group; n = 8) until mean arterial blood pressure fell to <20 mmHg on two successive occlusions. Umbilical cord occlusion caused variable decelerations, with sustained hypertension in the 1:5 group and little change in acid-base status (pH 7.34 ± 0.03 after 4 h). In contrast, the 1:2.5 group showed progressive hypotension and metabolic acidemia (pH 6.92 ± 0.04 after the last occlusion). The 1:2.5 group showed a significant increase in the rate of initial fall in FHR during the occlusion series, which was greater than the 1:5 group in the last 30 min of the occlusion series (9.4 ± 1.4 vs. 3.5 ± 0.3 beats·min 1 ·s 1 ; P < 0.01), with a greater fall in FHR (71.9 ± 6.5 vs. 47.0 ± 8.7 beats/min; P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that repetitive laborlike cord occlusions, which led to severe fetal compromise, were associated with an increase in the slope and magnitude of the initial FHR deceleration. These findings support the concept of the chemoreflex as a central, robust component of fetal adaptation to severe hypoxia.
variable decelerations
Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. J. Gunn, Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand (e-mail: aj.gunn{at}auckland.ac.nz )</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Am Physiological Soc</pub><pmid>15976361</pmid><doi>10.1152/japplphysiol.00431.2005</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Acidosis - etiology Acidosis - physiopathology Animal reproduction Animals Biological and medical sciences Blood Pressure Chemoreceptor Cells - physiopathology Fetal Diseases - etiology Fetal Diseases - physiopathology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gestational Age Heart Rate, Fetal Hypertension Hypotension - etiology Hypotension - physiopathology Hypoxia - etiology Hypoxia - physiopathology Ligation Reflex Reflexes Sheep Stress Stress, Physiological - etiology Stress, Physiological - physiopathology Time Factors Umbilical Cord |
| title | Fetal acidosis and hypotension during repeated umbilical cord occlusions are associated with enhanced chemoreflex responses in near-term fetal sheep |
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