Evaluation of the association between urinary cadmium levels below threshold limits and the risk of diabetes mellitus: a dose-response meta-analysis
As cadmium levels are increasing in the environment, the adverse effects of cadmium exposure specifically associated with chronic diseases are receiving increasing attention. Several population–based studies have been conducted on the association between cadmium and diabetes mellitus (DM) but have r...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2019-07, Vol.26 (19), p.19272-19281 |
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| creator | Guo, Fei-Fei Hu, Zhi-Yong Li, Bing-Yan Qin, Li-Qiang Fu, Chunling Yu, Huifang Zhang, Zeng-Li |
| description | As cadmium levels are increasing in the environment, the adverse effects of cadmium exposure specifically associated with chronic diseases are receiving increasing attention. Several population–based studies have been conducted on the association between cadmium and diabetes mellitus (DM) but have reported controversial results. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association between cadmium exposure and DM. In this meta-analysis, a random effects model was used because there was evidence of heterogeneity among studies. A dose-response relationship was assessed through a restricted cubic spline model with three knots. The results showed a positive association between cadmium levels in the body and DM (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07–1.52). The cadmium levels in the body were defined on the basis of combined urinary and blood cadmium. Subgroup analysis further indicated a positive association between urinary cadmium levels and DM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.69). The dose-response analysis results showed a positive association between levels of urinary cadmium above 2.43 μg/g creatinine and DM, and the risk of DM increased by 16% for each l μg/g creatinine increase in urinary cadmium levels. The results from our meta-analysis indicate that cadmium levels in the body are positively associated with DM, and urinary cadmium levels above 2.43 μg/g creatinine are associated with an increased risk of DM. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-019-04943-3 |
| format | Article |
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Several population–based studies have been conducted on the association between cadmium and diabetes mellitus (DM) but have reported controversial results. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association between cadmium exposure and DM. In this meta-analysis, a random effects model was used because there was evidence of heterogeneity among studies. A dose-response relationship was assessed through a restricted cubic spline model with three knots. The results showed a positive association between cadmium levels in the body and DM (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07–1.52). The cadmium levels in the body were defined on the basis of combined urinary and blood cadmium. Subgroup analysis further indicated a positive association between urinary cadmium levels and DM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.69). The dose-response analysis results showed a positive association between levels of urinary cadmium above 2.43 μg/g creatinine and DM, and the risk of DM increased by 16% for each l μg/g creatinine increase in urinary cadmium levels. The results from our meta-analysis indicate that cadmium levels in the body are positively associated with DM, and urinary cadmium levels above 2.43 μg/g creatinine are associated with an increased risk of DM.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04943-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31069655</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Blood levels ; Cadmium ; Chronic illnesses ; Creatinine ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Health risks ; Heterogeneity ; Knots ; Meta-analysis ; Population studies ; Research Article ; Risk ; Subgroups ; Threshold limits ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2019-07, Vol.26 (19), p.19272-19281</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>Environmental Science and Pollution Research is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-2e265392a8541b3275e230899d70c817476305aff3329a028d48229861c397903</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c428t-2e265392a8541b3275e230899d70c817476305aff3329a028d48229861c397903</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-019-04943-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-019-04943-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51297</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31069655$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Guo, Fei-Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Zhi-Yong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Bing-Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qin, Li-Qiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Chunling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Huifang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zeng-Li</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of the association between urinary cadmium levels below threshold limits and the risk of diabetes mellitus: a dose-response meta-analysis</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res Int</addtitle><description>As cadmium levels are increasing in the environment, the adverse effects of cadmium exposure specifically associated with chronic diseases are receiving increasing attention. Several population–based studies have been conducted on the association between cadmium and diabetes mellitus (DM) but have reported controversial results. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association between cadmium exposure and DM. In this meta-analysis, a random effects model was used because there was evidence of heterogeneity among studies. A dose-response relationship was assessed through a restricted cubic spline model with three knots. The results showed a positive association between cadmium levels in the body and DM (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07–1.52). The cadmium levels in the body were defined on the basis of combined urinary and blood cadmium. Subgroup analysis further indicated a positive association between urinary cadmium levels and DM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.69). The dose-response analysis results showed a positive association between levels of urinary cadmium above 2.43 μg/g creatinine and DM, and the risk of DM increased by 16% for each l μg/g creatinine increase in urinary cadmium levels. The results from our meta-analysis indicate that cadmium levels in the body are positively associated with DM, and urinary cadmium levels above 2.43 μg/g creatinine are associated with an increased risk of DM.</description><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Blood levels</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Chronic illnesses</subject><subject>Creatinine</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Heterogeneity</subject><subject>Knots</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Risk</subject><subject>Subgroups</subject><subject>Threshold limits</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution 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Int</addtitle><date>2019-07-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>26</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>19272</spage><epage>19281</epage><pages>19272-19281</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>As cadmium levels are increasing in the environment, the adverse effects of cadmium exposure specifically associated with chronic diseases are receiving increasing attention. Several population–based studies have been conducted on the association between cadmium and diabetes mellitus (DM) but have reported controversial results. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association between cadmium exposure and DM. In this meta-analysis, a random effects model was used because there was evidence of heterogeneity among studies. A dose-response relationship was assessed through a restricted cubic spline model with three knots. The results showed a positive association between cadmium levels in the body and DM (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07–1.52). The cadmium levels in the body were defined on the basis of combined urinary and blood cadmium. Subgroup analysis further indicated a positive association between urinary cadmium levels and DM (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02–1.69). The dose-response analysis results showed a positive association between levels of urinary cadmium above 2.43 μg/g creatinine and DM, and the risk of DM increased by 16% for each l μg/g creatinine increase in urinary cadmium levels. The results from our meta-analysis indicate that cadmium levels in the body are positively associated with DM, and urinary cadmium levels above 2.43 μg/g creatinine are associated with an increased risk of DM.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>31069655</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11356-019-04943-3</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Blood levels Cadmium Chronic illnesses Creatinine Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Health risks Heterogeneity Knots Meta-analysis Population studies Research Article Risk Subgroups Threshold limits Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
| title | Evaluation of the association between urinary cadmium levels below threshold limits and the risk of diabetes mellitus: a dose-response meta-analysis |
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