Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity during 2 years of application in the arid region
The studies regarding interaction of biochar and fertilizer and their effect on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity are scarce. This study centers at analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorous (MBP) over a period of 2 years under mash bean-wheat cropping...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Arabian journal of geosciences 2019-05, Vol.12 (10), p.1-13, Article 311 |
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| creator | Azeem, Muhammad Hayat, Rifat Hussain, Qaiser Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim Imran, Muhammad Abbas, Zafar Sajid, Muhammad Latif, Abdul Irfan, Muhammad |
| description | The studies regarding interaction of biochar and fertilizer and their effect on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity are scarce. This study centers at analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorous (MBP) over a period of 2 years under mash bean-wheat cropping system. Overall, six treatments were performed which included (1) B0F0: no biochar no fertilizer; (2) B1F0: 5 tons ha
−1
(hectare) biochar with no fertilizer; (3) B2F0: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar (B2F0) with no fertilizer; (4) B0F1: no biochar with recommended N:P:K fertilizer (i.e., 23:45:25 kg ha
−1
respectively); (5) B1F1: 5 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer; (6) B2F1: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer. Results elucidated increased soil MBC which increased with increasing biochar concentration. Enzyme activity and microbial biomass were higher initially but decreased in the second year of biochar amendment (both with and without fertilizer) which may be attributed to positive priming effect at the start of the experiment. MBN was observed lowest with fertilizer application but increased with biochar application alone. Seasonal variation in MBC was less in biochar-amended soils suggesting that biochar induced a less extreme environment for microbes throughout the season. The biochar treatment (i.e., B2F0) enhanced the soil microbial biomass, phosphorus, and phosphatase activities while biochar with fertilizer treatment (B2F1) improved urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly (
P
> 0.05) in mash bean crop. In wheat however, this treatment decreased urease activity while dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged. A positive correlation was observed between MBN and dehydrogenase activity with soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and soil moisture content. These outcomes imply that bagasse biochar improves soil conditions for microbes thereby plummeting temporal variations in carbon dynamics. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12517-019-4482-1 |
| format | Article |
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−1
(hectare) biochar with no fertilizer; (3) B2F0: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar (B2F0) with no fertilizer; (4) B0F1: no biochar with recommended N:P:K fertilizer (i.e., 23:45:25 kg ha
−1
respectively); (5) B1F1: 5 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer; (6) B2F1: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer. Results elucidated increased soil MBC which increased with increasing biochar concentration. Enzyme activity and microbial biomass were higher initially but decreased in the second year of biochar amendment (both with and without fertilizer) which may be attributed to positive priming effect at the start of the experiment. MBN was observed lowest with fertilizer application but increased with biochar application alone. Seasonal variation in MBC was less in biochar-amended soils suggesting that biochar induced a less extreme environment for microbes throughout the season. The biochar treatment (i.e., B2F0) enhanced the soil microbial biomass, phosphorus, and phosphatase activities while biochar with fertilizer treatment (B2F1) improved urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly (
P
> 0.05) in mash bean crop. In wheat however, this treatment decreased urease activity while dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged. A positive correlation was observed between MBN and dehydrogenase activity with soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and soil moisture content. These outcomes imply that bagasse biochar improves soil conditions for microbes thereby plummeting temporal variations in carbon dynamics.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-7511</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-7538</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12517-019-4482-1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Alkaline phosphatase ; Arid regions ; Arid zones ; Bagasse ; Biomass ; Carbon ; Cereal crops ; Charcoal ; Cropping systems ; Dehydrogenase ; Dehydrogenases ; Dissolved organic carbon ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth science ; Earth Sciences ; Enzymatic activity ; Enzyme activity ; Enzymes ; Extreme environments ; Fertilizer application ; Fertilizers ; Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions ; Microorganisms ; Moisture content ; Nitrogen ; Organic soils ; Phosphatase ; Phosphorus ; Priming ; S. I. Biochar ; Seasonal variation ; Seasonal variations ; Soil ; Soil amendment ; Soil analysis ; Soil conditions ; Soil dynamics ; Soil fertility ; Soil improvement ; Soil moisture ; Temporal variations ; Urease ; Water content ; Wheat</subject><ispartof>Arabian journal of geosciences, 2019-05, Vol.12 (10), p.1-13, Article 311</ispartof><rights>Saudi Society for Geosciences 2019</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-bb4c184183a28af0217d92bf8b1997268660440f69d0e8c680199465a2cf088c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-bb4c184183a28af0217d92bf8b1997268660440f69d0e8c680199465a2cf088c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12517-019-4482-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12517-019-4482-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27915,27916,41479,42548,51310</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Azeem, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayat, Rifat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Qaiser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Imran, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abbas, Zafar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sajid, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Latif, Abdul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irfan, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity during 2 years of application in the arid region</title><title>Arabian journal of geosciences</title><addtitle>Arab J Geosci</addtitle><description>The studies regarding interaction of biochar and fertilizer and their effect on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity are scarce. This study centers at analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorous (MBP) over a period of 2 years under mash bean-wheat cropping system. Overall, six treatments were performed which included (1) B0F0: no biochar no fertilizer; (2) B1F0: 5 tons ha
−1
(hectare) biochar with no fertilizer; (3) B2F0: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar (B2F0) with no fertilizer; (4) B0F1: no biochar with recommended N:P:K fertilizer (i.e., 23:45:25 kg ha
−1
respectively); (5) B1F1: 5 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer; (6) B2F1: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer. Results elucidated increased soil MBC which increased with increasing biochar concentration. Enzyme activity and microbial biomass were higher initially but decreased in the second year of biochar amendment (both with and without fertilizer) which may be attributed to positive priming effect at the start of the experiment. MBN was observed lowest with fertilizer application but increased with biochar application alone. Seasonal variation in MBC was less in biochar-amended soils suggesting that biochar induced a less extreme environment for microbes throughout the season. The biochar treatment (i.e., B2F0) enhanced the soil microbial biomass, phosphorus, and phosphatase activities while biochar with fertilizer treatment (B2F1) improved urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly (
P
> 0.05) in mash bean crop. In wheat however, this treatment decreased urease activity while dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged. A positive correlation was observed between MBN and dehydrogenase activity with soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and soil moisture content. These outcomes imply that bagasse biochar improves soil conditions for microbes thereby plummeting temporal variations in carbon dynamics.</description><subject>Alkaline phosphatase</subject><subject>Arid regions</subject><subject>Arid zones</subject><subject>Bagasse</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Cereal crops</subject><subject>Charcoal</subject><subject>Cropping systems</subject><subject>Dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Dehydrogenases</subject><subject>Dissolved organic carbon</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Enzymatic activity</subject><subject>Enzyme activity</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Extreme environments</subject><subject>Fertilizer application</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Organic soils</subject><subject>Phosphatase</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Priming</subject><subject>S. I. Biochar</subject><subject>Seasonal variation</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil amendment</subject><subject>Soil analysis</subject><subject>Soil conditions</subject><subject>Soil dynamics</subject><subject>Soil fertility</subject><subject>Soil improvement</subject><subject>Soil moisture</subject><subject>Temporal variations</subject><subject>Urease</subject><subject>Water content</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><issn>1866-7511</issn><issn>1866-7538</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kEtPwzAQhC0EEqXwA7hZ4hzwOonjHFFVHqICDnC2HMduXeWFnSCFX4_TIDhx2tXqm1nNIHQJ5BoIyW480BSyiEAeJQmnERyhBXDGoiyN-fHvDnCKzrzfE8I4yfgCjWtjtOo9bg0ubKt20mHZlPj59Qm3DfatrXBtlWsLK6uJqKX3B0I3X2OtsVS9_bT9iMvB2WaLKR61dAc_2XWVVbK3wcg2uN8F2tkSO70Np3N0YmTl9cXPXKL3u_Xb6iHavNw_rm43kYqB9VFRJAp4AjyWlEtDKGRlTgvDC8jzjLKQiyQJMSwvieYqxAr3hKWSKkM4V_ESXc2-nWs_Bu17sW8H14SXglLIWcpYHAcKZipE9d5pIzpna-lGAURMDYu5YRHsxdSwgKChs8Z3U3Tt_pz_F30DpCJ9iA</recordid><startdate>20190501</startdate><enddate>20190501</enddate><creator>Azeem, Muhammad</creator><creator>Hayat, Rifat</creator><creator>Hussain, Qaiser</creator><creator>Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim</creator><creator>Imran, Muhammad</creator><creator>Abbas, Zafar</creator><creator>Sajid, Muhammad</creator><creator>Latif, Abdul</creator><creator>Irfan, Muhammad</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190501</creationdate><title>Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity during 2 years of application in the arid region</title><author>Azeem, Muhammad ; Hayat, Rifat ; Hussain, Qaiser ; Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim ; Imran, Muhammad ; Abbas, Zafar ; Sajid, Muhammad ; Latif, Abdul ; Irfan, Muhammad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c316t-bb4c184183a28af0217d92bf8b1997268660440f69d0e8c680199465a2cf088c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Alkaline phosphatase</topic><topic>Arid regions</topic><topic>Arid zones</topic><topic>Bagasse</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Cereal crops</topic><topic>Charcoal</topic><topic>Cropping systems</topic><topic>Dehydrogenase</topic><topic>Dehydrogenases</topic><topic>Dissolved organic carbon</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Enzymatic activity</topic><topic>Enzyme activity</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Extreme environments</topic><topic>Fertilizer application</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Organic soils</topic><topic>Phosphatase</topic><topic>Phosphorus</topic><topic>Priming</topic><topic>S. I. Biochar</topic><topic>Seasonal variation</topic><topic>Seasonal variations</topic><topic>Soil</topic><topic>Soil amendment</topic><topic>Soil analysis</topic><topic>Soil conditions</topic><topic>Soil dynamics</topic><topic>Soil fertility</topic><topic>Soil improvement</topic><topic>Soil moisture</topic><topic>Temporal variations</topic><topic>Urease</topic><topic>Water content</topic><topic>Wheat</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Azeem, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hayat, Rifat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hussain, Qaiser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Imran, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abbas, Zafar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sajid, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Latif, Abdul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irfan, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Azeem, Muhammad</au><au>Hayat, Rifat</au><au>Hussain, Qaiser</au><au>Tahir, Muhammad Ibrahim</au><au>Imran, Muhammad</au><au>Abbas, Zafar</au><au>Sajid, Muhammad</au><au>Latif, Abdul</au><au>Irfan, Muhammad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity during 2 years of application in the arid region</atitle><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle><stitle>Arab J Geosci</stitle><date>2019-05-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>1-13</pages><artnum>311</artnum><issn>1866-7511</issn><eissn>1866-7538</eissn><abstract>The studies regarding interaction of biochar and fertilizer and their effect on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity are scarce. This study centers at analysis of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), and phosphorous (MBP) over a period of 2 years under mash bean-wheat cropping system. Overall, six treatments were performed which included (1) B0F0: no biochar no fertilizer; (2) B1F0: 5 tons ha
−1
(hectare) biochar with no fertilizer; (3) B2F0: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar (B2F0) with no fertilizer; (4) B0F1: no biochar with recommended N:P:K fertilizer (i.e., 23:45:25 kg ha
−1
respectively); (5) B1F1: 5 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer; (6) B2F1: 10 tons ha
−1
biochar with recommended fertilizer. Results elucidated increased soil MBC which increased with increasing biochar concentration. Enzyme activity and microbial biomass were higher initially but decreased in the second year of biochar amendment (both with and without fertilizer) which may be attributed to positive priming effect at the start of the experiment. MBN was observed lowest with fertilizer application but increased with biochar application alone. Seasonal variation in MBC was less in biochar-amended soils suggesting that biochar induced a less extreme environment for microbes throughout the season. The biochar treatment (i.e., B2F0) enhanced the soil microbial biomass, phosphorus, and phosphatase activities while biochar with fertilizer treatment (B2F1) improved urease, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly (
P
> 0.05) in mash bean crop. In wheat however, this treatment decreased urease activity while dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged. A positive correlation was observed between MBN and dehydrogenase activity with soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and soil moisture content. These outcomes imply that bagasse biochar improves soil conditions for microbes thereby plummeting temporal variations in carbon dynamics.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s12517-019-4482-1</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1866-7511 1866-7538 |
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| subjects | Alkaline phosphatase Arid regions Arid zones Bagasse Biomass Carbon Cereal crops Charcoal Cropping systems Dehydrogenase Dehydrogenases Dissolved organic carbon Earth and Environmental Science Earth science Earth Sciences Enzymatic activity Enzyme activity Enzymes Extreme environments Fertilizer application Fertilizers Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions Microorganisms Moisture content Nitrogen Organic soils Phosphatase Phosphorus Priming S. I. Biochar Seasonal variation Seasonal variations Soil Soil amendment Soil analysis Soil conditions Soil dynamics Soil fertility Soil improvement Soil moisture Temporal variations Urease Water content Wheat |
| title | Effects of biochar and NPK on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity during 2 years of application in the arid region |
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