Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion

The technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly over the last years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works, the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grows. As a consequence of the additive manufacturing technique, 3D printed structures may...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Cement and concrete research 2019-05, Vol.119, p.132-140
Hauptverfasser: Wolfs, R.J.M., Bos, F.P., Salet, T.A.M.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 140
container_issue
container_start_page 132
container_title Cement and concrete research
container_volume 119
creator Wolfs, R.J.M.
Bos, F.P.
Salet, T.A.M.
description The technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly over the last years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works, the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grows. As a consequence of the additive manufacturing technique, 3D printed structures may consist of several layers that should exhibit bond to guarantee a safe structural design. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the relation between the 3DCP process parameters and the bond strength of 3D printed concrete. The effect of 3 process parameters (interlayer interval time, nozzle height, and surface dehydration) on two mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength, determined through flexural and splitting tests), has been established, in three perpendicular directions. A very limited influence of layer orientation was found for the given process-material combination, given a sufficiently short interlayer interval time. However, the bond strength between the layers reduced for increasing interlayer interval times. This was also reflected by the failure mode of the samples. The reduction in strength became more pronounced for the samples that were left uncovered during the interval time, exposed to drying. No clear relation was found between the height of the nozzle, and the bond strength between layers. The results of this study, in comparison to various other works on 3DCP, emphasize the need for standardization of test methods and characterization of 3D printed concrete, as individual process parameters clearly must be considered in relation to the applied material and other process parameters.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.02.017
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2216272997</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0008884618310482</els_id><sourcerecordid>2216272997</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-92ce4795ec257f7196908cc39cf216eff1bc3b2c18d29190acc3c5f146415da03</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWKu_wYDnXZPsRxJvpX5UKHip55DOTmhKm63JVui_N0vFq6chM-_7TuYh5J6zkjPePm5LwD30IWIqBeO6ZKJkXF6QCVeyKipdq0syYYypQqm6vSY3KW3zsxWVmhC3sLHDgB09xP6AcfCYaO9o9ZwbPgx5kLMh4oBPdLVB6oPbHTEAjqrsAUyJHmy0-yyJ2RvoaIs7e8JIbbfB5PtwS66c3SW8-61T8vn6spoviuXH2_t8tiygbthQaAFYS90giEY6yXWrmQKoNDjBW3SOr6FaC-CqE5prZvMMGsfrtuZNZ1k1JQ_n3PyzryOmwWz7Ywx5pRE5QUihtcwqeVZB7FOK6Ey-dW_jyXBmRqhma_6gmhGqYcJkqNk5OzsxH_HtMZoEfqTR-YgwmK73_2b8AAVehcM</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2216272997</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion</title><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Wolfs, R.J.M. ; Bos, F.P. ; Salet, T.A.M.</creator><creatorcontrib>Wolfs, R.J.M. ; Bos, F.P. ; Salet, T.A.M.</creatorcontrib><description>The technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly over the last years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works, the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grows. As a consequence of the additive manufacturing technique, 3D printed structures may consist of several layers that should exhibit bond to guarantee a safe structural design. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the relation between the 3DCP process parameters and the bond strength of 3D printed concrete. The effect of 3 process parameters (interlayer interval time, nozzle height, and surface dehydration) on two mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength, determined through flexural and splitting tests), has been established, in three perpendicular directions. A very limited influence of layer orientation was found for the given process-material combination, given a sufficiently short interlayer interval time. However, the bond strength between the layers reduced for increasing interlayer interval times. This was also reflected by the failure mode of the samples. The reduction in strength became more pronounced for the samples that were left uncovered during the interval time, exposed to drying. No clear relation was found between the height of the nozzle, and the bond strength between layers. The results of this study, in comparison to various other works on 3DCP, emphasize the need for standardization of test methods and characterization of 3D printed concrete, as individual process parameters clearly must be considered in relation to the applied material and other process parameters.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-8846</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-3948</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.02.017</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elmsford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>3D printing ; Bond strength ; Bonding strength ; Compressive strength ; Concrete ; Dehydration ; Failure modes ; Hardened concrete ; Interlayer adhesion ; Interlayers ; Mechanical properties ; Nozzles ; Process parameters ; Production methods ; Standardization ; Structural design ; Test procedures ; Three dimensional printing</subject><ispartof>Cement and concrete research, 2019-05, Vol.119, p.132-140</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV May 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-92ce4795ec257f7196908cc39cf216eff1bc3b2c18d29190acc3c5f146415da03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-92ce4795ec257f7196908cc39cf216eff1bc3b2c18d29190acc3c5f146415da03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.02.017$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wolfs, R.J.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bos, F.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salet, T.A.M.</creatorcontrib><title>Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion</title><title>Cement and concrete research</title><description>The technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly over the last years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works, the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grows. As a consequence of the additive manufacturing technique, 3D printed structures may consist of several layers that should exhibit bond to guarantee a safe structural design. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the relation between the 3DCP process parameters and the bond strength of 3D printed concrete. The effect of 3 process parameters (interlayer interval time, nozzle height, and surface dehydration) on two mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength, determined through flexural and splitting tests), has been established, in three perpendicular directions. A very limited influence of layer orientation was found for the given process-material combination, given a sufficiently short interlayer interval time. However, the bond strength between the layers reduced for increasing interlayer interval times. This was also reflected by the failure mode of the samples. The reduction in strength became more pronounced for the samples that were left uncovered during the interval time, exposed to drying. No clear relation was found between the height of the nozzle, and the bond strength between layers. The results of this study, in comparison to various other works on 3DCP, emphasize the need for standardization of test methods and characterization of 3D printed concrete, as individual process parameters clearly must be considered in relation to the applied material and other process parameters.</description><subject>3D printing</subject><subject>Bond strength</subject><subject>Bonding strength</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Concrete</subject><subject>Dehydration</subject><subject>Failure modes</subject><subject>Hardened concrete</subject><subject>Interlayer adhesion</subject><subject>Interlayers</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Nozzles</subject><subject>Process parameters</subject><subject>Production methods</subject><subject>Standardization</subject><subject>Structural design</subject><subject>Test procedures</subject><subject>Three dimensional printing</subject><issn>0008-8846</issn><issn>1873-3948</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE1LAzEQhoMoWKu_wYDnXZPsRxJvpX5UKHip55DOTmhKm63JVui_N0vFq6chM-_7TuYh5J6zkjPePm5LwD30IWIqBeO6ZKJkXF6QCVeyKipdq0syYYypQqm6vSY3KW3zsxWVmhC3sLHDgB09xP6AcfCYaO9o9ZwbPgx5kLMh4oBPdLVB6oPbHTEAjqrsAUyJHmy0-yyJ2RvoaIs7e8JIbbfB5PtwS66c3SW8-61T8vn6spoviuXH2_t8tiygbthQaAFYS90giEY6yXWrmQKoNDjBW3SOr6FaC-CqE5prZvMMGsfrtuZNZ1k1JQ_n3PyzryOmwWz7Ywx5pRE5QUihtcwqeVZB7FOK6Ey-dW_jyXBmRqhma_6gmhGqYcJkqNk5OzsxH_HtMZoEfqTR-YgwmK73_2b8AAVehcM</recordid><startdate>20190501</startdate><enddate>20190501</enddate><creator>Wolfs, R.J.M.</creator><creator>Bos, F.P.</creator><creator>Salet, T.A.M.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190501</creationdate><title>Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion</title><author>Wolfs, R.J.M. ; Bos, F.P. ; Salet, T.A.M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-92ce4795ec257f7196908cc39cf216eff1bc3b2c18d29190acc3c5f146415da03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>3D printing</topic><topic>Bond strength</topic><topic>Bonding strength</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Concrete</topic><topic>Dehydration</topic><topic>Failure modes</topic><topic>Hardened concrete</topic><topic>Interlayer adhesion</topic><topic>Interlayers</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Nozzles</topic><topic>Process parameters</topic><topic>Production methods</topic><topic>Standardization</topic><topic>Structural design</topic><topic>Test procedures</topic><topic>Three dimensional printing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wolfs, R.J.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bos, F.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salet, T.A.M.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Cement and concrete research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wolfs, R.J.M.</au><au>Bos, F.P.</au><au>Salet, T.A.M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion</atitle><jtitle>Cement and concrete research</jtitle><date>2019-05-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>119</volume><spage>132</spage><epage>140</epage><pages>132-140</pages><issn>0008-8846</issn><eissn>1873-3948</eissn><abstract>The technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has progressed rapidly over the last years. With the aim to realize both buildings and civil works, the need for reliable mechanical properties of printed concrete grows. As a consequence of the additive manufacturing technique, 3D printed structures may consist of several layers that should exhibit bond to guarantee a safe structural design. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the relation between the 3DCP process parameters and the bond strength of 3D printed concrete. The effect of 3 process parameters (interlayer interval time, nozzle height, and surface dehydration) on two mechanical properties (compressive strength and tensile strength, determined through flexural and splitting tests), has been established, in three perpendicular directions. A very limited influence of layer orientation was found for the given process-material combination, given a sufficiently short interlayer interval time. However, the bond strength between the layers reduced for increasing interlayer interval times. This was also reflected by the failure mode of the samples. The reduction in strength became more pronounced for the samples that were left uncovered during the interval time, exposed to drying. No clear relation was found between the height of the nozzle, and the bond strength between layers. The results of this study, in comparison to various other works on 3DCP, emphasize the need for standardization of test methods and characterization of 3D printed concrete, as individual process parameters clearly must be considered in relation to the applied material and other process parameters.</abstract><cop>Elmsford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.02.017</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0008-8846
ispartof Cement and concrete research, 2019-05, Vol.119, p.132-140
issn 0008-8846
1873-3948
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_journals_2216272997
source Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)
subjects 3D printing
Bond strength
Bonding strength
Compressive strength
Concrete
Dehydration
Failure modes
Hardened concrete
Interlayer adhesion
Interlayers
Mechanical properties
Nozzles
Process parameters
Production methods
Standardization
Structural design
Test procedures
Three dimensional printing
title Hardened properties of 3D printed concrete: The influence of process parameters on interlayer adhesion
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T17%3A14%3A51IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hardened%20properties%20of%203D%20printed%20concrete:%20The%20influence%20of%20process%20parameters%20on%20interlayer%20adhesion&rft.jtitle=Cement%20and%20concrete%20research&rft.au=Wolfs,%20R.J.M.&rft.date=2019-05-01&rft.volume=119&rft.spage=132&rft.epage=140&rft.pages=132-140&rft.issn=0008-8846&rft.eissn=1873-3948&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.02.017&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2216272997%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2216272997&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_els_id=S0008884618310482&rfr_iscdi=true