Characterization of drought-induced rapid cold-hardening in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica
Survival of the terrestrial midge, Belgica antarctica , on the Antarctic Peninsula is promoted, not only by their adaptations to prolonged exposures to seasonal stresses, but also by their ability to respond to unpredictable changes in their environments. Rapid cold-hardening (RCH) is an extremely s...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polar biology 2019-06, Vol.42 (6), p.1147-1156 |
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| creator | Kawarasaki, Yuta Teets, Nicholas M. Philip, Benjamin N. Potts, Leslie J. Gantz, J. D. Denlinger, David L. Lee, Richard E. |
| description | Survival of the terrestrial midge,
Belgica antarctica
, on the Antarctic Peninsula is promoted, not only by their adaptations to prolonged exposures to seasonal stresses, but also by their ability to respond to unpredictable changes in their environments. Rapid cold-hardening (RCH) is an extremely swift acclimatory response of insects that occurs within minutes to hours. While the RCH response is most commonly induced by a brief exposure to mildly low temperatures, a similar rapid acclimatory response can also be elicited by exposure to drought. In this study, we characterized this drought-induced RCH in larvae of
B. antarctica.
Compared to fully hydrated larvae, those desiccated at various relative humidity (R.H.) conditions between 0 and 99% R.H. for 2 h had a significantly greater survival ( ~ 50%) to freezing at − 14 °C. The amount of water loss varied between 4 and 16% depending on R.H. conditions; however, all treatments were equally effective in eliciting the protective response against freezing stress, and its induction was evident within 30 min of desiccation. Lack of substantial changes in body-fluid osmolality or levels of major cryoprotectants suggest that accumulation of these protective solutes is not a primary mechanism of this response. Interestingly, the RCH protection induced by desiccation persisted after larvae were allowed to recover a significant portion of the lost water. Our results indicate that larval midges are highly sensitive to desiccation, capable of swiftly initiating physiological changes in response to a small reduction in their body water content. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00300-019-02503-6 |
| format | Article |
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Belgica antarctica
, on the Antarctic Peninsula is promoted, not only by their adaptations to prolonged exposures to seasonal stresses, but also by their ability to respond to unpredictable changes in their environments. Rapid cold-hardening (RCH) is an extremely swift acclimatory response of insects that occurs within minutes to hours. While the RCH response is most commonly induced by a brief exposure to mildly low temperatures, a similar rapid acclimatory response can also be elicited by exposure to drought. In this study, we characterized this drought-induced RCH in larvae of
B. antarctica.
Compared to fully hydrated larvae, those desiccated at various relative humidity (R.H.) conditions between 0 and 99% R.H. for 2 h had a significantly greater survival ( ~ 50%) to freezing at − 14 °C. The amount of water loss varied between 4 and 16% depending on R.H. conditions; however, all treatments were equally effective in eliciting the protective response against freezing stress, and its induction was evident within 30 min of desiccation. Lack of substantial changes in body-fluid osmolality or levels of major cryoprotectants suggest that accumulation of these protective solutes is not a primary mechanism of this response. Interestingly, the RCH protection induced by desiccation persisted after larvae were allowed to recover a significant portion of the lost water. Our results indicate that larval midges are highly sensitive to desiccation, capable of swiftly initiating physiological changes in response to a small reduction in their body water content.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0722-4060</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-2056</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02503-6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Arthropods ; Biology ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Body water ; Cold ; Cold treatment ; Cryoprotectants ; Cryoprotectors ; Desiccation ; Drought ; Ecology ; Entomology ; Environmental conditions ; Exposure ; Freezing ; Hardening ; Ice ; Insects ; Larvae ; Life Sciences ; Low temperature ; Microbiology ; Moisture content ; Oceanography ; Original Paper ; Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Relative humidity ; Solutes ; Survival ; Water content ; Water loss ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>Polar biology, 2019-06, Vol.42 (6), p.1147-1156</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Springer</rights><rights>Polar Biology is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c358t-a06f84e935d4513d5022e3a68f1941c413cfc9cec88a7a615bad5fd90441b2153</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c358t-a06f84e935d4513d5022e3a68f1941c413cfc9cec88a7a615bad5fd90441b2153</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00300-019-02503-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00300-019-02503-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kawarasaki, Yuta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teets, Nicholas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Philip, Benjamin N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potts, Leslie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gantz, J. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Denlinger, David L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Richard E.</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of drought-induced rapid cold-hardening in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica</title><title>Polar biology</title><addtitle>Polar Biol</addtitle><description>Survival of the terrestrial midge,
Belgica antarctica
, on the Antarctic Peninsula is promoted, not only by their adaptations to prolonged exposures to seasonal stresses, but also by their ability to respond to unpredictable changes in their environments. Rapid cold-hardening (RCH) is an extremely swift acclimatory response of insects that occurs within minutes to hours. While the RCH response is most commonly induced by a brief exposure to mildly low temperatures, a similar rapid acclimatory response can also be elicited by exposure to drought. In this study, we characterized this drought-induced RCH in larvae of
B. antarctica.
Compared to fully hydrated larvae, those desiccated at various relative humidity (R.H.) conditions between 0 and 99% R.H. for 2 h had a significantly greater survival ( ~ 50%) to freezing at − 14 °C. The amount of water loss varied between 4 and 16% depending on R.H. conditions; however, all treatments were equally effective in eliciting the protective response against freezing stress, and its induction was evident within 30 min of desiccation. Lack of substantial changes in body-fluid osmolality or levels of major cryoprotectants suggest that accumulation of these protective solutes is not a primary mechanism of this response. Interestingly, the RCH protection induced by desiccation persisted after larvae were allowed to recover a significant portion of the lost water. Our results indicate that larval midges are highly sensitive to desiccation, capable of swiftly initiating physiological changes in response to a small reduction in their body water content.</description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Arthropods</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Body water</subject><subject>Cold</subject><subject>Cold treatment</subject><subject>Cryoprotectants</subject><subject>Cryoprotectors</subject><subject>Desiccation</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Entomology</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Freezing</subject><subject>Hardening</subject><subject>Ice</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Larvae</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Oceanography</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Relative humidity</subject><subject>Solutes</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Water content</subject><subject>Water loss</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><issn>0722-4060</issn><issn>1432-2056</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kD1vFDEQhq0IpByBP5DKUlqczPhrd8vjRCBSJBqoLccfe47u7MPrK-DX47AgOuRiJM_7zIweQq4RbhFguFsABAADnBhwBYLpC7JBKTjjoPQrsoGBcyZBwyV5syzPADhoOW2I2-1tta6Fmn7alkqmJVJfy3neN5ayP7vgabWn5KkrB8962oec8kxTpm0f6DY3W11Ljh6Tn8N7-iEc5uQstX8b9i15He1hCe_-1Cvy7f7j191n9vjl08Nu-8icUGNjFnQcZZiE8lKh8Ao4D8LqMeIk0UkULrrJBTeOdrAa1ZP1KvoJpMQnjkpckZt17qmW7-ewNPNczjX3lYZzRD3hJHhP3a6p2R6CSTmW1gX058MxuZJDTP1_O6BSYhik7gBfAVfLstQQzammo60_DIJ5sW9W-6bbN7_tmxdIrNDSw3kO9d8t_6F-Af3ghzo</recordid><startdate>20190615</startdate><enddate>20190615</enddate><creator>Kawarasaki, Yuta</creator><creator>Teets, Nicholas M.</creator><creator>Philip, Benjamin N.</creator><creator>Potts, Leslie J.</creator><creator>Gantz, J. 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D. ; Denlinger, David L. ; Lee, Richard E.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c358t-a06f84e935d4513d5022e3a68f1941c413cfc9cec88a7a615bad5fd90441b2153</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Arthropods</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Body water</topic><topic>Cold</topic><topic>Cold treatment</topic><topic>Cryoprotectants</topic><topic>Cryoprotectors</topic><topic>Desiccation</topic><topic>Drought</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Entomology</topic><topic>Environmental conditions</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Freezing</topic><topic>Hardening</topic><topic>Ice</topic><topic>Insects</topic><topic>Larvae</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Oceanography</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Relative humidity</topic><topic>Solutes</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Water content</topic><topic>Water loss</topic><topic>Zoology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kawarasaki, Yuta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teets, Nicholas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Philip, Benjamin N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Potts, Leslie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gantz, J. 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D.</au><au>Denlinger, David L.</au><au>Lee, Richard E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of drought-induced rapid cold-hardening in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica</atitle><jtitle>Polar biology</jtitle><stitle>Polar Biol</stitle><date>2019-06-15</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1147</spage><epage>1156</epage><pages>1147-1156</pages><issn>0722-4060</issn><eissn>1432-2056</eissn><abstract>Survival of the terrestrial midge,
Belgica antarctica
, on the Antarctic Peninsula is promoted, not only by their adaptations to prolonged exposures to seasonal stresses, but also by their ability to respond to unpredictable changes in their environments. Rapid cold-hardening (RCH) is an extremely swift acclimatory response of insects that occurs within minutes to hours. While the RCH response is most commonly induced by a brief exposure to mildly low temperatures, a similar rapid acclimatory response can also be elicited by exposure to drought. In this study, we characterized this drought-induced RCH in larvae of
B. antarctica.
Compared to fully hydrated larvae, those desiccated at various relative humidity (R.H.) conditions between 0 and 99% R.H. for 2 h had a significantly greater survival ( ~ 50%) to freezing at − 14 °C. The amount of water loss varied between 4 and 16% depending on R.H. conditions; however, all treatments were equally effective in eliciting the protective response against freezing stress, and its induction was evident within 30 min of desiccation. Lack of substantial changes in body-fluid osmolality or levels of major cryoprotectants suggest that accumulation of these protective solutes is not a primary mechanism of this response. Interestingly, the RCH protection induced by desiccation persisted after larvae were allowed to recover a significant portion of the lost water. Our results indicate that larval midges are highly sensitive to desiccation, capable of swiftly initiating physiological changes in response to a small reduction in their body water content.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00300-019-02503-6</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation Arthropods Biology Biomedical and Life Sciences Body water Cold Cold treatment Cryoprotectants Cryoprotectors Desiccation Drought Ecology Entomology Environmental conditions Exposure Freezing Hardening Ice Insects Larvae Life Sciences Low temperature Microbiology Moisture content Oceanography Original Paper Physiology Plant Sciences Relative humidity Solutes Survival Water content Water loss Zoology |
| title | Characterization of drought-induced rapid cold-hardening in the Antarctic midge, Belgica antarctica |
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