Wastewater treatment of industrial loads with advanced oxidation in conventional systems

In the rural regions of Latin America, wastewater treatment systems are based on conventional technologies such as the septic tanks. These treatment systems do not support biodegradability indexes lower than 0,4 measured in the form of BOD5/COD, values obtained when refractory contaminants are found in water; which in turn are associated in most cases with the intrusion of industrial wastewater. In these cases, the conventional treatment systems do not meet the regulations for which they were designed; and therefore public investment is lost to build them. This is why in the present investigation the biodegradability index of this type of effluents was increased, for which domestic wastewater mixed with leachate and industrial effluent obtained from the Chasinato creek in the Tungurahua province of Ecuador was used, in which a biodegradability index of 0,22 was obtained in BOD5/COD. An advanced oxidation process of modified Fenton was applied to this effluent, which increased the biodegradability index and avoided reducing the pH, since in large volumes this is very expensive. The optimal concentrations of reagents were FeSO4/H2O2 = 1 and C6H8O7/H2O2 = 2; with the addition of 10 mg/L of H2O2, which increased the biodegradability index to a value of 0,46, which is a satisfactory value to be treated in conventional systems such as septic tanks; in addition to a reduction of BOD5 and COD in efficiencies of 12.54%; 44.4% respectively. En las regiones rurales de América Latina los sistemas de tratamiento de agua residuales se basan en tecnologías convencionales como las fosas sépticas. Estos sistemas de tratamiento no soportan índices de biodegradabilidad menores a 0,4 medidos en forma de DBO5/DQO, valores que se obtienen cuando en el agua se encuentran contaminantes refractarios; que a su vez se los asocia en la mayoría de los casos con la intromisión de agua residual industrial.En estos casos los sistemas de tratamiento convencionales no cumple las normativas para los cuales fueron diseñados; y por tanto se pierde la inversión pública para construirlos. Es por esto que en la presente investigación se elevó el índice de biodegradabilidad de este tipo de efluentes, para lo cual se usó agua residual doméstica mezclada con lixiviado y efluente industrial obtenida de la quebrada Chasinato en la provincia de Tungurahua en Ecuador,en la cual se obtuvo un índice de biodegradabilidad de 0,22enDBO5/DQO. A este efluente se le aplicó un proceso de oxidación avanzada de Fenton mo