Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra
Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite via alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). Raw coal and the corresponding residue were characterized via scanning electron micro...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | RSC advances 2017-01, Vol.7 (33), p.2677-2684 |
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| creator | Wang, Chu-Fan Fan, Xing Zhang, Fan Wang, Shou-Ze Zhao, Yun-Peng Zhao, Xiao-Yan Zhao, Wei Zhu, Teng-Gao Lu, Jin-Li Wei, Xian-Yong |
| description | Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). Raw coal and the corresponding residue were characterized
via
scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Over 4700 heteroatom-containing compounds with wide distributions of molecular mass and unsaturation degree were detected
via
the ESI-Orbitrap-MS, and around 60 percent of the detected species were found to be oxygen-containing compounds. In addition, van Krevelen diagram and double-bond equivalent (DBE) plot were introduced to provide more structural details of the compounds. For the species only containing C, H, and O (HA
CHO
), condensed aromatic compounds with a DBE value over 20 only contained 1 or 2 oxygen atoms. Carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing aliphatic compounds (CHCACs) were predominant in HA
CHO
with 5 or 6 oxygen atoms. Both the CHCACs and aromatic carboxylic acids or phenols were grouped into clusters in the van Krevelen diagram to be recognized. The introduction of a nitrogen atom to the HA
CHO
species was based on the structures of the HA
CHO
species, which is also indicated by the van Krevelen diagram.
Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/c7ra01497j |
| format | Article |
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via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). Raw coal and the corresponding residue were characterized
via
scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Over 4700 heteroatom-containing compounds with wide distributions of molecular mass and unsaturation degree were detected
via
the ESI-Orbitrap-MS, and around 60 percent of the detected species were found to be oxygen-containing compounds. In addition, van Krevelen diagram and double-bond equivalent (DBE) plot were introduced to provide more structural details of the compounds. For the species only containing C, H, and O (HA
CHO
), condensed aromatic compounds with a DBE value over 20 only contained 1 or 2 oxygen atoms. Carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing aliphatic compounds (CHCACs) were predominant in HA
CHO
with 5 or 6 oxygen atoms. Both the CHCACs and aromatic carboxylic acids or phenols were grouped into clusters in the van Krevelen diagram to be recognized. The introduction of a nitrogen atom to the HA
CHO
species was based on the structures of the HA
CHO
species, which is also indicated by the van Krevelen diagram.
Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS).</description><identifier>ISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2046-2069</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01497j</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Aliphatic compounds ; Aromatic compounds ; Carboxylic acids ; Fourier transforms ; Humic acids ; Infrared analysis ; Ion sources ; Ions ; Lignite ; Mass spectra ; Mass spectrometry ; Oxygen atoms ; Phenols ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Scientific imaging</subject><ispartof>RSC advances, 2017-01, Vol.7 (33), p.2677-2684</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-af6ab13023a02b880a555a7784766cc75ca43820d4e0d580c13e7b18872677563</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-af6ab13023a02b880a555a7784766cc75ca43820d4e0d580c13e7b18872677563</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5530-5563</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27901,27902</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chu-Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shou-Ze</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yun-Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xiao-Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Teng-Gao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Jin-Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Xian-Yong</creatorcontrib><title>Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra</title><title>RSC advances</title><description>Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). Raw coal and the corresponding residue were characterized
via
scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Over 4700 heteroatom-containing compounds with wide distributions of molecular mass and unsaturation degree were detected
via
the ESI-Orbitrap-MS, and around 60 percent of the detected species were found to be oxygen-containing compounds. In addition, van Krevelen diagram and double-bond equivalent (DBE) plot were introduced to provide more structural details of the compounds. For the species only containing C, H, and O (HA
CHO
), condensed aromatic compounds with a DBE value over 20 only contained 1 or 2 oxygen atoms. Carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing aliphatic compounds (CHCACs) were predominant in HA
CHO
with 5 or 6 oxygen atoms. Both the CHCACs and aromatic carboxylic acids or phenols were grouped into clusters in the van Krevelen diagram to be recognized. The introduction of a nitrogen atom to the HA
CHO
species was based on the structures of the HA
CHO
species, which is also indicated by the van Krevelen diagram.
Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS).</description><subject>Aliphatic compounds</subject><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Carboxylic acids</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Humic acids</subject><subject>Infrared analysis</subject><subject>Ion sources</subject><subject>Ions</subject><subject>Lignite</subject><subject>Mass spectra</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Oxygen atoms</subject><subject>Phenols</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><issn>2046-2069</issn><issn>2046-2069</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEtLAzEUhYMoWGo37oWIO2E0j8ljlmXwiSCIrsfbTMamdB4mKai_3tgRdeXd3AvnO_fAQeiQkjNKeHFulAdC80KtdtCEkVxmjMhi98-9j2YhrEgaKSiTdIKeyyV4MNF69wHR9R3uG7zctM5gMK4O2L7FrV7jxvctBrx2L52LFkNXY9cl4-BtHK1N73FcWtxCCDgM1iTrAdprYB3s7HtP0dPlxWN5nd3dX92U87vM5KSIGTQSFpQTxoGwhdYEhBCglM6VlMYoYSDnmpE6t6QWmhjKrVpQrRWTSgnJp-hk_Dv4_nVjQ6xW_cZ3KbJijDAmOKc6UacjZXwfgrdNNXjXgn-vKKm-SqxK9TDflnib4KMR9sH8cL8lJ_34P70a6oZ_AomEeQw</recordid><startdate>20170101</startdate><enddate>20170101</enddate><creator>Wang, Chu-Fan</creator><creator>Fan, Xing</creator><creator>Zhang, Fan</creator><creator>Wang, Shou-Ze</creator><creator>Zhao, Yun-Peng</creator><creator>Zhao, Xiao-Yan</creator><creator>Zhao, Wei</creator><creator>Zhu, Teng-Gao</creator><creator>Lu, Jin-Li</creator><creator>Wei, Xian-Yong</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-5563</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170101</creationdate><title>Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra</title><author>Wang, Chu-Fan ; Fan, Xing ; Zhang, Fan ; Wang, Shou-Ze ; Zhao, Yun-Peng ; Zhao, Xiao-Yan ; Zhao, Wei ; Zhu, Teng-Gao ; Lu, Jin-Li ; Wei, Xian-Yong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-af6ab13023a02b880a555a7784766cc75ca43820d4e0d580c13e7b18872677563</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Aliphatic compounds</topic><topic>Aromatic compounds</topic><topic>Carboxylic acids</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Humic acids</topic><topic>Infrared analysis</topic><topic>Ion sources</topic><topic>Ions</topic><topic>Lignite</topic><topic>Mass spectra</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Oxygen atoms</topic><topic>Phenols</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chu-Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fan, Xing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Fan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shou-Ze</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Yun-Peng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Xiao-Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Teng-Gao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Jin-Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Xian-Yong</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Chu-Fan</au><au>Fan, Xing</au><au>Zhang, Fan</au><au>Wang, Shou-Ze</au><au>Zhao, Yun-Peng</au><au>Zhao, Xiao-Yan</au><au>Zhao, Wei</au><au>Zhu, Teng-Gao</au><au>Lu, Jin-Li</au><au>Wei, Xian-Yong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra</atitle><jtitle>RSC advances</jtitle><date>2017-01-01</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>7</volume><issue>33</issue><spage>2677</spage><epage>2684</epage><pages>2677-2684</pages><issn>2046-2069</issn><eissn>2046-2069</eissn><abstract>Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). Raw coal and the corresponding residue were characterized
via
scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Over 4700 heteroatom-containing compounds with wide distributions of molecular mass and unsaturation degree were detected
via
the ESI-Orbitrap-MS, and around 60 percent of the detected species were found to be oxygen-containing compounds. In addition, van Krevelen diagram and double-bond equivalent (DBE) plot were introduced to provide more structural details of the compounds. For the species only containing C, H, and O (HA
CHO
), condensed aromatic compounds with a DBE value over 20 only contained 1 or 2 oxygen atoms. Carboxyl- and hydroxyl-containing aliphatic compounds (CHCACs) were predominant in HA
CHO
with 5 or 6 oxygen atoms. Both the CHCACs and aromatic carboxylic acids or phenols were grouped into clusters in the van Krevelen diagram to be recognized. The introduction of a nitrogen atom to the HA
CHO
species was based on the structures of the HA
CHO
species, which is also indicated by the van Krevelen diagram.
Humic acids obtained from a Chinese lignite
via
alkali treatment were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with an electrospray ion source (ESI-Orbitrap-MS).</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><doi>10.1039/c7ra01497j</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-5563</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Aliphatic compounds Aromatic compounds Carboxylic acids Fourier transforms Humic acids Infrared analysis Ion sources Ions Lignite Mass spectra Mass spectrometry Oxygen atoms Phenols Scanning electron microscopy Scientific imaging |
| title | Characterization of humic acids extracted from a lignite and interpretation for the mass spectra |
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